Lecture 22 (4/28) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Lecture 22 (4/28) Deck (12)
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1
Q

Damage in the area of the Sylvian fissure

A

Damage to this area almost always causes aphasia

What does that mean for processing language?

  • Only the perisylvian region of the left hemisphere is specialized in processing different aspects of language
  • True in the vast majority of people (96-98%) for right-handed individuals
2
Q

Broca’s Area

A

Involved in speech production and syntactic information

3
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

Specializes in processing language comprehension and integrating syntactic and semantic info

Located in the posterior portion of the superior temporal gyrus

4
Q

Superior Temporal Gyrus

A

Posterior portion is Wernicke’s area (language comprehension)

The anterior portion has been shown to be involved in morphosyntactic processing

5
Q

Middle Temporal Gyrus

A

Lies outside perisylvian region

Sometimes when its damaged patients experiences anomic aphasia

  • Suggests that this region must be involved in processing lexical items
  • It is also involved in semantic processing
6
Q

Inferior Temporal Gyrus

A

Also processes lexical items, specifically proper nouns and common nouns

7
Q

Middle and Inferior Temporal Gryi

A

The anterior and middle portions of these gyro are responsible for proper and common nouns

8
Q

Pole

A

Term that refers to the farthest point - example temporal pole

Damage to the temporal pole typically causes an impairment in the ability to process proper nouns

9
Q

Issues with Prosody

A

Patients with damage to areas 44 & 45 exhibit issues with prosody

Damage to the basal ganglia often associated with issues with intonation and speech timing
-this doesn’t mean that intonation and speech timing are located in the basal

Patients with damage to the left hemisphere have problems with speech timing
-This doesn’t mean that intonation and speech timing are located in the basal ganglia

10
Q

If reading a phrase, what is the first part of the body/brain that reacts?

A

Without the visual cortex, the eyes can’t see

It all begins with the primary visual cortex

What’s next? Where does the brain recognize that the object seen is linguistic info and not simply an object?

All aspects of language processing passes through Wernicke’s area

Pathway summary:
Visual Cortex
Wernicke’s area

11
Q

If you want to read aloud, which areas of the brain are involved?

A

Visual Cortex

Wernicke’s

Broca’s

Motor cortex

12
Q

If someone needs to listen, comprehend, and then repeat?

A

Primary auditory cortex

Wernicke’s area

Broca’s area

Primary motor cortex