Lecture 24: Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, pseudomonas, GI infections and UTI

Question 1

Proteus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter are gram __bacilli, facultative ___

Answer 1

Negative, anaerobes

Question 2

Proteus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter are oxidase __ and catalase ___

Answer 2

Negative, positive

Question 3

Which are motile: Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter

Answer 3

Proteus and Enterobacter

Question 4

Which are non-motile: Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter

Answer 4

Klebsiella

Question 5

Which for lactose fermentation: Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter

Answer 5

Klebsiella and Enterobacter

Question 6

Which do urease production: Proteus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter

Answer 6

Proteus and Klebsiella

Question 7

Which do H2S production on TSI slant: Proteus, Klebsiella and Enterobacter

Answer 7

Proteus

Question 8

Where are proteus, Klebsiella and Enterobacter found

Answer 8

Widely distributed within the environment

Question 9

What virulence factors do Proteus, Klebsiella and enterobacter all have

Answer 9

LPS
Lipid A on LPS is endotoxin

Question 10

What does urease do

Answer 10

Hydrolyzes urea in urine to ammonia and CO2, urinary epithelial cells become damage, change in urinary pH leads to uroliths

Question 11

What virulence factor do Proteus spp have that allow them to colonize bladder and kidney

Answer 11

Fimbrae

Question 12

What virulence factor do Proteus spp have the form a pore and play a role in dissemination from bladder to kidney us

Answer 12

Hemolysin

Question 13

What Proteus spp forms uroliths in dogs

Answer 13

P. Mirabilis

Question 14

What virulence factors does Klebsiella have

Answer 14

1. Capsule
2. Endotoxin
3. Adhesins
4. Cytotoxin
5. Shiga toxin of ETEC

Question 15

What diseases does Enterobacter aerogenes cause

Answer 15

1. Coliform mastitis in cattle
2. Dog UTI’s

Question 16

What diseases does Klebsiella pneumonia cause

Answer 16

1. Coliform mastitis in cattle
2. UTI in dogs

Question 17

What diseases does Proteus mirabilis and proteus vulgaris cause

Answer 17

1. UTI’s in dogs and horses
2. Otitis externa in dogs and cats

Question 18

What value is indicative of UTI on culture

Answer 18

> 100,000 Cfu/ml

Question 19

What value is not significant for UTI in culture

Answer 19

<10,000 cfu/ml

Question 20

What agar plates should Proteus, Klebsiella and enterobactera be plated on

Answer 20

Blood agar and MacConkey

Question 21

Proteus, Enterobacter or Klebsiella: only enterobacteriae that has yellow colonies on MacConkey and does not have a mucoid colony

Answer 21

Proteus

Question 22

What are some antibiotics to tx enterobacter aerogenes

Answer 22

Aminoglycosides, beta lactams and cephalosporins

Question 23

What are some antibiotics to tx Klebsiella pneumonia

Answer 23

Aminoglycosides

Question 24

What are some antibiotics to tx P. Mirablis and P. Vulgaris

Answer 24

Ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftiofur

Question 25

What is the most important way to control proteus, Klebsiella and Enterobacter

Answer 25

Wash hands and disinfect of mites

Question 26

Pseudomonas is a gram___ bacilli and obligate __

Answer 26

Negative, aerobe

Question 27

Pseudomonas is oxidase __ and catalase ___

Answer 27

Positive, positive

Question 28

What are the 4 possible pigments for pseudomonas

Answer 28

1. Pyocyanin- blue 2. Pyoverdin- yellow-green fluorescent 3. Pyorubin-red 4. Pyomelanin- brown

Question 29

T or F: pseudomonas when grown on MacConkey does lactose fermentation

Answer 29

False

Question 30

What does the virulence factor cytotoxin do and what bacteria is it associated with

Answer 30

Inhibits leukocyte function, disrupts pulmonary microcirculation Pseudomonas

Question 31

What does exotoxin A do and what bacteria is it associated with

Answer 31

Inhibits protein synthesis and facilitates tissue invasion Pseudomonas

Question 32

What does exotoxin S and T do and what bacteria is it associated with

Answer 32

Inhibits protein synthesis Pseudomonas

Question 33

What does phospholipase C-hemolysin do and what bacteria is it associated with

Answer 33

Stimulates inflammation Pseudomonas

Question 34

What does pyocyanin as a virulence factor do and what bacteria is it associated with

Answer 34

Produces toxic oxygen that mediate tissue damage Pseudomonas

Question 35

What does rhamnolipid do and what bacteria is it associated with

Answer 35

Damage to host cell membrane, inhibit macrophage function Pseudomonas

Question 36

Pseudomonas is an opportunistic pathogen that enters via

Answer 36

Wounds and trauma

Question 37

What infections can pseudomonas cause

Answer 37

Pneumonia, bacteremia, infections of eye, ear, urinary tract, and surgery sites

Question 38

What is the most common infection associated with pseudomonas

Answer 38

Otitis in dogs

Question 39

What does pseudomonas cause in snakes

Answer 39

Necrotic stomatitis, mouth rot

Question 40

What does pseudomonas cause in sows

Answer 40

Acute multi glandular mastitis

Question 41

How would pseudomonas aeruginosa appear on blood agar

Answer 41

Large, gunmetal gray colonies Rough with zones of hemolysis

Question 42

Based on this presentation on plate what is likely bacteria

Answer 42

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 43

What antibiotics can tx pseudomonas infections

Answer 43

Beta-lactams, cephalosporins, combination of gentamicin with tobramycin or with carbenicillin or ticarcillin

Question 44

In a veterinary hospital to control pseudomonas it is extremely important to manage ___ and ___ on patients

Answer 44

Urinary and Iv catheters