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Microbiology > Lecture 32 and 33: Bartonella and Rickettsiales > Flashcards

Lecture 32 and 33: Bartonella and Rickettsiales Flashcards

1
Q

Bartonella are gram ___facultative ___bacteria

A

Negative, intracellular

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2
Q

Bartonella infect ___ cells and ___

A

Endothelial, erythrocytes

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3
Q

Bartonella is transmitted via

A

Blood feeding arthropods

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4
Q

Bartonella cause __ in healthy reservoirs host and clinical disease in ___

A

Asymptomatic bacteremia, accidental hosts

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5
Q

What lesion is very common in all Bartonella spp

A

Endocarditis

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6
Q

What kind of agar does Bartonella grow on

A

Enriched media- blood, chocolate

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7
Q

What causes cat scratch disease

A

Bartonella henselae- microbe gets in scratch via flea feces on cats claws

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8
Q

What stain can identify Bartonella in tissue samples

A

Warthin starry stain

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9
Q

What medias are best to culture Bartonella on

A
  1. Enrichment culture: Bartonella/alpha-proteobacteria growth media
  2. Blood enriched agar
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10
Q

How do you dx Bartonella

A

PCR

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11
Q

What is tx for Bartonella

A

Doxycycline, azithromycin, enrofloxacin

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12
Q

Rickettsiales are obligate ___bacteria of vertebrates, arthropods

A

Intracellular

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13
Q

What is the main reservoir host for Rickettsiales

A

Ticks

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14
Q

R. Rickettsi targets what cells

A

Vascular endothelium

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15
Q

Rickettsia are gram __

A

Negative

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16
Q

How does rickettsia get into cell, then what happens

A

Phagocytosis, then escape phagosome and grow in cytoplasm and/or nucelus

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17
Q

Ricketssia invade and grow in ____ causing ___

A

Endothelial cells of small blood vessels causing necrotizing vasculitis

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18
Q

What does R.Ricketssi cause

A

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

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19
Q

Who does RMSF mostly affect

A

Dogs

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20
Q

What are the mammalian reservoirs for RMSF

A

Wild rodents and other small mammals

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21
Q

What are the vectors for RMSF

A

Ticks- American dog tick, Rocky Mtn. Wood stick, brown dog tick (most important in AZ)

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22
Q

What are some signs associated with RMSF in dogs

A

Neurological signs, petechiated/ ecchymotic MM, maculopapular skin rash, aural necrosis in severely affected dogs

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23
Q

Dog preempts with the following lesions also is febrile, ataxia. What is likely cause

A

R. Rickettsii causing RMSF

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24
Q

How do you dx R. Rickettsii

A

IFA, ELISA, PCR, IHC

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25
What is tx for R. Rickettsii
Doxycycline or tetracycline
26
T or F: you should wait for lab results before treating R. Ricketssi
False
27
Anaplasmataceae infect cells of __ origin, most species grow in ___
Hematopoietic origin, leukocytes
28
Anaplasma species grown in leukocytes and multiply within membrane bound structures called ___
Morulae
29
Anaplasma is transmitted by __
Ticks
30
Who/what is affected by A. Marginale
Infects RBC’s of ruminants
31
Who/what is affected by A. Platys
Infects platelets of dogs
32
Who/what is affected by A. Phagocytophilum
Infects granulocytes of many mammals
33
What is the most prevalent tick borne disease of cattle
Bovine anaplasmosis
34
How is the severity of disease different for cattle of less than 6 months, 6 months-3yrs and >3yrs infected with A. Marginale
<6 months: subclinical 6 months-3yrs: serious illness possible >3yrs: 30-50% mortality
35
What are the 3 possible transmission routes for A. Marginale
1. Dermacentor ticks (Rocky Mtn wood tick) 2. Blood feeding flies 3. Contaminated needles, ear tagging tools
36
What are some signs of bovine anaplasmosis
Fever, anemia, icterus, abortion
37
T or F: cattle infected with bovine anaplasmosis enter carrier state
True
38
How do you dx A. Marignlae in cows
Inclusion bodies/ morulae in RBC’s, ELISA, PCR
39
What is tx for A. Marginale
Tetracyclines or imidocarb
40
What is main reservoir for A. Platys
Dogs
41
What is main vector for A. Platys
Brown dog tick
42
What does A. Platys cause in dogs
infectious canine cyclic thrombocytopenia
43
What are some signs for dogs infected with A. Platys
Fever, lethargy, anorexia, petechiae, epistaxis, uveitis, lymphadenopathy
44
How can you dx A. Platys
ID morulae in platelets, ELISA, PCR
45
What is tx for A. Platys
Doxycycline
46
What is the main reservoir for A. Phagocytophilum
Wild rodents
47
What is main vector for A. Phagocytophilum
Black legend ticks- ixodes
48
What does A. Phagocytophilum cause in dogs
Canine granulocytic anaplasmosis
49
What are some signs of canine granulocytic anaplasmosis
Fever, lethargy, anorexia, lameness, polyarthritis
50
What does A. Phagocytophilum cause in horses
Equine granulocytic anaplasmosis
51
Equine granulocytic anaplasmosis is more severe in what horses
Adults
52
What are some signs of equine granulocytic anaplasmosis
Fever, lethargy, anorexia, ataxia, limb edema, petechiae, icterus, reluctance to move
53
What does A. Phagocytophilum cause in ruminants
Tick born fever
54
How do you dx A. Phagocytophilum
ID morulae in neutrophils, ELISA, IFA, PCR
55
What is tx for A. Phagocytophilum
Tetracyclines- doxycycline
56
What is the cause of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis
E. Canis
57
What is the reservoir host for E. Canis
Dogs
58
What is main vector for e. Canis
Brown dog tick
59
What causes canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis
E. Ewingii
60
What is reservoir host for E. Ewingii
White tailed deer, dogs, coyotes
61
What is the main vector for E. Ewingii
lone star tick
62
What is the reservoir host for E. Chaffeensis
White tailed deer
63
What is vector for E. Chaffeensis
Lone star tick
64
E. Canis has tropism for __ and ___
monocytes and macrophages
65
Most dogs recover from acute canine monocytic ehrlichiosis but chronic forms can be ___
Fatal
66
What breed is predisposed to chronic canine monocytic ehrlichiosis
GSD
67
E. Ewingii has tropism for ___
Granulocytes
68
What signs are seen with infection with E. Ewingii
Lameness, stiff gait, other musculoskeletal signs
69
E. Chaffeensis primarily infects what cells
Monocytes
70
How do you dx Ehrlichia
1. Morula in stained leukocytes 2. Thrombocytopenia 3. ELISA (not for E. Chaffeensis) 4. IFA 5. PCR
71
What is tx for Ehrlichia
Tetracycline- doxy
72
Neorickettsia are obligate intracellular symbionts of ___
Flukes
73
N. Helminotheca causes ___ in dogs
Salmon poisoning disease
74
What does N. Risticci cause in horses
Potomac horse fever
75
What is the reservoir/ vector for N. Helminthoeca
Flukes
76
How do dogs become infected with N. Helminthoeca
Adult fluke infects SI of fish, larvae of fluke encysts in fish, dog eats fish
77
N. Helminthoeca primarily infects what cells
Monocytes and macrophages
78
___% of untreated dogs infected with N. Helminthoeca die within 6-10 days of onset of clinical signs
90%
79
How do you dx N. Helminthoeca
1. Fluke eggs in feces 2. Morulae in macrophages and monocytes 3. IFA, PCR
80
What is tx for N. Helminthoeca
Parental doxycycline or oxytetracycline
81
What is the reservoir/vector for N. Risticii
Fluke
82
How do horses become infected with N. Risticii
Adult flukes infect bats, larva flukes encyst in mayflies and caddies flies, horse eats those flies
83
N. Risticii has tropism for what cells
Monocytes and intestinal macrophages, mast cells and enterocytes
84
What are some signs of Potomac horse fever
Fever, anorexia, depression, diarrhea, colic, laminitis, abortion
85
Potomac horse fever has a case fatality rate of __-___%for untreated horses
5-30%
86
How can you dx Potomac horse fever
IFA, PCR
87
What is tx for Potomac horse fever
Parenteral oxytetracycline

Microbiology (31 decks)

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