Lecture 35: Treponema, Brachyspira, Actinobacillus and PANSF Bacteria

Question 1

Treponema is a gram ___, ___

Answer 1

Negative, spirochete

Question 2

Treponema require ___culture for growth

Answer 2

Live cell

Question 3

What does T. Phagedenis, T. Vincent II, and T. Denticola cause in cattle

Answer 3

Digital dermatitis

Question 4

What does T. Paraluiscuniculi cause in rabbits

Answer 4

Vent disease

Question 5

Most causes of digital dermatitis in cattle are multifactorial involving __ and __ causes

Answer 5

Environmental and infectious

Question 6

What are some clinical signs of bovine digital dermatitis

Answer 6

Painful interdigital inflammatory lesions, proliferation dermatitis on heel bulbs, lameness, erosive and verrucose forms

Question 7

What is the most common foot disease in mature dairy cattle and what is cause

Answer 7

Bovine digital dermatitis
Cause: treponema spp

Question 8

What is the cause of contagious ovine digital dermatitis

Answer 8

Treponema spp

Question 9

What are some signs of contagious ovine digital dermatitis

Answer 9

Severe lameness on single digit on single foot, ulcerative lesions at junction of coronary band and hoof wall

Question 10

What is the most common sign of treponema associated hoof disease of elk

Answer 10

Lameness

Question 11

How is digital dermatitis caused by treponema spp transmitted

Answer 11

Muddy, moist areas contaminated with feces

Question 12

Vent disease is a ___disease specific to rabbits

Answer 12

Venereal disease

Question 13

What are some signs of vent disease

Answer 13

Vesicles, ulcers covered with heavy scabs mostly around genital region, eyelids and lips

Question 14

What is the best way to do all treponema spp

Answer 14

PCR

Question 15

What is treatment for digital dermatitis

Answer 15

1. Tetracyclines +/- lincomycin
2. Regular foot baths and clean environment

Question 16

What is tx for vent disease

Answer 16

Penicillins, restrict breeding

Question 17

What species causes swine dysentery

Answer 17

Brachyspira

Question 18

What does Brachyspira specifically cause and in who

Answer 18

Mucohemorrhagic colitis affecting grower and finisher pigs

Question 19

Where does Brachyspira proliferation occur in pigs

Answer 19

Large intestine

Question 20

Bracyspira causes hypersecretion of ___ and inability to __

Answer 20

Mucous, inability to resort fluids

Question 21

What are some signs of swine dysentery caused by Brachyspira spp

Answer 21

Mucohemorrhagic diarrhea, perinanal staining with blood, lesions in LI

Question 22

How is Brachyspira transmitted

Answer 22

Recovered carrier pigs, fomites

Question 23

What is the best way to do Brachyspira

Answer 23

Culture/PCR

Question 24

What hemolysis does Brachyspira have

Answer 24

B-hemolysis

Question 25

What is tx for Brachyspira causing swine dysentery

Answer 25

Tiamulin +/- lincomycin

Question 26

How do you control Brachyspira causing swine dysentery

Answer 26

Treat or cull carriers

Question 27

Which bacteria species has a morse code appearance under microscope

Answer 27

Actinobacillus spp

Question 28

Actinobacillus is a commensal present on most ___

Answer 28

Mucous membranes of URT and oral cavity

Question 29

What does Actinobacillus lignieresii cause in cattle

Answer 29

Wooden tongue

Question 30

Cow tongue appears painful and hardened, what is likely cause

Answer 30

Actinobacillus lignieresii

Question 31

What does Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia cause in swine

Answer 31

Necrotizing fibrohemorrhagic pneumonia

Question 32

What does Actinobacillus equulicause in foals

Answer 32

Sleepy foal disease, neonatal septicemia

Question 33

What gross lesions are seen in the kidney of horse infected with Actinobacillus equuli

Answer 33

Serosal petichiae, suppuration foci

Question 34

What does Actinobacillus suits cause in swine

Answer 34

Septicemia, meningitis

Question 35

How do you dx Actinobacillus

Answer 35

Culture, direct microscopy of impression smears

Question 36

What is tx for wooden tongue

Answer 36

Sodium iodide injection or potassium iodide PO + penicillin

Question 37

How do you tx Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia

Answer 37

Prophylactic antibiotics- tiamulin, tilmicosin

Question 38

How do you tx sleepy foal disease- Actinobacillus equuli

Answer 38

Colostrum, blood transfusion, antibiotics

Question 39

What two bacteria are part of pathogenic anaerobic non-spore forming bacteria (PANSF)

Answer 39

1. Fusobacterium necrophorum 2. Dichelobacter

Question 40

What are F. Necrophorum and dichelobacter often involved in

Answer 40

Foot rot and interdigital dermatitis

Question 41

PANSF bacteria are ___infection

Answer 41

Opportunistic

Question 42

Most PANSF infections are ___ with other bacteria ad parasites

Answer 42

Mixed

Question 43

What does fusobacterium necrophorus cause in cattle

Answer 43

1. Liver abscess 2. Diptheria/necrotic pharyngitis/ laryngitis in calves 3. Hoof lesions in adults

Question 44

Fusobacterium necrophorum may synergize with __ in foot rot

Answer 44

Dichelobacter nodosus

Question 45

What does fusobacterium necrophorum cause in pigs

Answer 45

Necrotic rhinitis “bull nose”

Question 46

How do you differentiate necrotic rhinitis from atrophic rhinitis

Answer 46

Necrotic rhinitis has pronounced bulging, foul smell and nasal discharge

Question 47

Fusobacterium necrophorum causes ___in sheep

Answer 47

Interdigital dermatitis

Question 48

What does dichelobacter nodosus cause in sheet

Answer 48

Footrot

Question 49

What does dichelobacter nodosus cause in cattle

Answer 49

Interdigital dermatitis, heel erosions, and foot rot