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AGBI 410 > Lecture 26-27 > Flashcards

Lecture 26-27 Flashcards

1
Q

3 sources of lipids

A
  1. obtained from diet, 2. mobilizing from storage 3. from liver via de novo lipogensis
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2
Q

electrons removed from fatty acids during oxidation pass thru what

A

respiratory chain

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3
Q

acetyl coa produced from fatty acids may be completely oxidized to Co2 in CAC

A

acetyl CoA

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4
Q

provides over 50% of energy requirements to some organs

A

TAG

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5
Q

chylomicrons carry TAG from what to what

A

intestinal mucous to other tissues

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6
Q

what activates lipoprotein lipase

A

aPoc-11

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7
Q

where does lipid digestion not happen

A

stomach

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8
Q

what helps digest dietary lipids

A

gull bladder bile

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9
Q

fatty acids converted to what in the liver

A

triacylglycerols

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10
Q

triacylglycerols combined with what to form VLDLs

A

apolipoproteins

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11
Q

triacylglycerols combined with apoliproteins to form what

A

VLDLs

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12
Q

how are VLDLs transported

A

in blood

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13
Q

TAG means what

A

triacylglycerols

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14
Q

TAGs stored in what

A

lipids droplets

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15
Q

what are lipid droplets coated in

A

perilipins

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16
Q

how are perilipins removed

A

phosphorylation

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17
Q

2 things increasing lipolysis

A

glucagon and epinephrine

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18
Q

what phosphorylated glycerol in liver

A

glycerol kinase

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19
Q

3 lipases that remove perilipins from lipid droplets

A

adipose triacylglyceride lipase, hormone sensitive lipase, monoacylglycerol lipase

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20
Q

ATGL

A

adipose triacylglyceride lipase

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21
Q

HSL

A

hormone sensitive lipase,

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22
Q

MGL

A

monoacylglycerol lipase

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23
Q

activates fatty acids

A

fatty acyl CoA synthetase

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24
Q

product of fatty acid activation

25
generation of AMP results in
usage of 2nd ATP
26
fatty acyl CoA to fatty acyl carnitine what catalyzes it
carnitine acyltranferase 1
27
what catalyzes rxn back to fatty acyl CoA in mitochondria
carnitine acyltransferase 2
28
rate limiting step in fatty acid transport to matrix
fatty acyl CoA to fatty acyl carnitine
29
compound that transports fatty acyl CoAs destined for mitochondrial oxidation across inner mitochondrial membrane
carnitine
30
liver can synthesize carnitine from what
lysine and methionine
31
how many pools of CoA
2
32
location of pools of CoA
mitochrondria and cytosol
33
CoA in mitochondrial matrix used for..
oxidative degradation of pyruvate fatty acids and some amino acids
34
coa in cytosol used for
biosynthesis of fatty acids
35
fatty acyl CoA pool in mitochondria used for
oxidation and ATP production
36
fatty acyl CoA pool in cytosol used for
membrane lipid synthesis
37
what is made from fatty acid oxidation
1 FADH2 and 1 NADH
38
how many dehydrogenation rxns are there in fatty acid oxidation
2
39
what occurs in peroxisome
very long FA oxidation
40
flavoprotein with tightly bound FAD that catalyses the dehydrogenation of fatty acyl CoA
acyl CoA dehydrogenase
41
catalyzes the addition of water to the double bond of trans enoyl Coa
enol CoA hydratase
42
catalyzed the dehydrogenation of L beta hdyroxyacyl coA
beta hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase
43
catalyzes rxn of beta - ketoacyl CoA wit free coenzyme A to yield acetyl CoA and a fatty acyl CoA shortened by two Carbons
thiolase
44
palmitate generates net of what during unsaturated FA beta oxidation
106 ATP
45
steroate forms what unsatured FA beta oxidation
120 ATP
46
oleate forms what unsaturated FA beta oxid
118.5 ATP
47
only exception for FA not being used for glucose synthesis
Odd chain fatty acid beta oxidation
48
presence of this indicated increased fatty acid synthesis
malonyl CoA
49
first intermediate of cytosolic fatty acid synthesis
malonyl CoA
50
where does very long FA chain oxidation occur
peroxisome
51
what does malonyl CoA presence inhibit
CAT1
52
3 main ketone bodies
beta -hydroxybutyrate, acetoactone, acetone
53
where are ketone bodies made
LIVER
54
what increases in fasting
keton ebodies
55
what can use ketones in an extended fast
brain
56
ketone bodies can be converted back to what
acetyl CoA in tissues
57
lowered blood pH
acidosis
58
high levels of ketone bodies in blood and urine
ketosis
59
condition when ketosis and acidosis are combined
ketoacidosis

AGBI 410 (26 decks)

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