Lecture 28-29

Question 1

formation of malonyl CoA catalyzed by

Answer 1

acetyl CoA carboxylase

Question 2

formation of malonyl CoA requires what

Answer 2

1 ATP

Question 3

three subunits acetyl CoA carboxylase

Answer 3

biotin carrier protein, biotin carboxylase, transcacrboxylase

Question 4

committed step of FA synthesis

Answer 4

malonyl CoA from acetyl CoA and CO2

Question 5

bacteria residing in the large intestine produce what for human use

Answer 5

biotin

Question 6

what two things come together during acetyl CoA carboxylase

Answer 6

biotin carboxylase, transcacrboxylase

Question 7

citrate from matrix to cytosol is

Answer 7

citrate shuttle

Question 8

where does citrate shuttle transport to and from

Answer 8

mitochondrial matrix to cytosol

Question 9

fatty acid synthesis occurs where

Answer 9

cytosol

Question 10

citrate to oxaloacetate în citrate shuttle (cytosol)

Answer 10

citrate lyase

Question 11

malate to pyruvate in citrate shuttle

Answer 11

malic enzyme

Question 12

oxaloacetate to citrate în citrate chuttl e

Answer 12

citrate synthase

Question 13

what is product of malate to pyruvate

Answer 13

NADPH

Question 14

glucose 6 phos to ribulose 6 phos, what pathway

Answer 14

pentose phosphate pathway

Question 15

product of pentose phosphate pathway

Answer 15

2 NADPH

Question 16

each round of fatty acid synthesis uses and makes what

Answer 16

uses 2 NADPH, produces 1 CO2

Question 17

what is fatty acid synthesis catalyzed by

Answer 17

fatty acid synthase

Question 18

endpoint for fatty acid synthase

Answer 18

palmitate

Question 19

how many acetyl coa used and how many malonyl CoA made in acetyl CoA carboxylase

Answer 19

7 acetyl, 7 malonyl

Question 20

what causes acetyl CoA carboxylase to be activated

Answer 20

increased insulin

Question 21

what causes acetyl CoA to be deactivated

Answer 21

increased glucagon

Question 22

what further elongate palminate

Answer 22

fatty acid elongation systems

Question 23

where are fatty acid elongation systems fond

Answer 23

in ER and mitochondria

Question 24

what catalyzes desaturation in FA syn

Answer 24

fatty acyl desaturase

Question 25

what can mammals not synthesize

Answer 25

omega 3 and 6 fatty acids

Question 26

where does oxidation occur

Answer 26

mitochondria

Question 27

where does synthesis occur

Answer 27

cytosol

Question 28

in oxidation, what are intermediates bonded to

Answer 28

CoA

Question 29

in synthesis what are intermediates bonded to

Answer 29

sulfydral groups

Question 30

what are oxidants

Answer 30

FAD, NAD+

Question 31

dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glycerol 3 phosphate

Answer 31

glycerol 3 phosphate dehydrogenase

Question 32

glyceroneogenesis starts with what and ends with what

Answer 32

pyruvate to glycerol 3 phosphate

Question 33

what does glycerol 3 phosphate go to in glyceroneogenesis

Answer 33

triacylglycerol synthesis

Question 34

what allows tAG synthesis to occur

Answer 34

presence of insulin

Question 35

what is enzyme in rate limiting step of cholesterol synthesis

Answer 35

HMG CoA reductase

Question 36

what activates HMG CoA reductase

Answer 36

insulin

Question 37

what deactivates HMG CoA reductase

Answer 37

glucagon, oxysterol, lowered ATP conc

Question 38

ob/ob mouse has what

Answer 38

defective leptin gene

Question 39

ab/ab mouse has what

Answer 39

defective leptin receptor

Question 40

what allows beta oxidation of fat

Answer 40

leptin

Question 41

what inhibits synthesis of fat

Answer 41

leptin