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2 - Animal Health & Disease > Lecture 5 - Cardio virology 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 - Cardio virology 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 classifications of bovine leukemia virus

A
  1. enzootic
  2. sporadic
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2
Q

enzootic BLV

A
  • occurring in > 3y/o
  • produce less milk and lose weight
  • lymph nodes enlarged (B cell tumor)
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3
Q

sporadic BLV

A
  • BLV is not the major cause
  • 3 types (calf/juvenile, thymic, skin/cutaneous)
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4
Q

describe the transmission and pathogenesis of BLV

A
  • direct contact and in-utero
  • trans-activation
  • persistent lymphocytosis
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5
Q

what is the control program of BLV

A

identification of BLV-infected cows by antibody serum test and eradicating those infected

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6
Q

T/F: there is no strong link between Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus and disease state

A

TRUE

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7
Q

summarize Blue tongue virus (orbivirus) infection

A
  1. culicoides bite
  2. travel to lymph nodes
  3. infect blood
  4. destroy vascular endothelial cells
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8
Q

if blue tongue virus causes an intrauterine infection what is seen

A

early = abortion
late = congenital defects

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9
Q

T/F: those infected with blue tongue have immediate remission with no viral presence

A

FALSE - remain viremic

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10
Q

what is epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus

A

disease in white-tailed deer (mostly) spread by culicoides and causes disseminated intravascular coagulation and hemorrhagic disease

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11
Q

T/F: EHDV is self limting

A

TRUE - first frost kills culicoides

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12
Q

what is known as swamp fever

A

equine infectious anemia virus

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13
Q

what are the 3 phases of EIAV

A
  1. acute
  2. subacute
  3. chronic
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14
Q

describe acute EIAV

A

sudden fever, incoordination, thirst, progressive weakness. mares may abort

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15
Q

describe subacute EIAV

A

asymptomatic carriers

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16
Q

describe chronic EIAV

A

febrile episode and anemia (immune-mediated)

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17
Q

why would glomerular nephritis be seen in some horses with EIAV

A

because immune complexes build up in the filtration systems and cause inflammation

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18
Q

how is EIAV transmitted

A
  1. transplacental
  2. shed in every secretion
  3. contaminated food and water
  4. biting insects
  5. needles or surgical instruments
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19
Q

how is EIAV identified

A

Coggins or ELISA assay

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20
Q

what is considered an exotic disease affecting equine

A

african horse sickness virus

21
Q

T/F: disease that is considered exotic to the U.S. results in importation restrictions

22
Q

Summarize African horse sickness virus pathogenesis

A
  • transmitted by culicoides
  • acute (virulent) or chronic
  • infection of lymphoid organs progressively
23
Q

describe the acute form of african horse sickness virus

A
  • foamy discharge from mouth/nostrils
  • pulmonary edema
  • heavy loss
24
Q

describe the chronic form of african horse sickness virus

A
  • edema
  • poorly virulent strain or previously exposed
25
what are the cardio viruses affecting cats
1. FIPV 2. Feline coronavirus 3. FIV 4. FeLV
26
T/F: FeLV is responsible for a wide variety of neoplastic and degenerative diseases
TRUE
27
how is FeLV shed
through mucosal sites (saliva, milk, bites, etc.)
28
what are the 3 possible outcomes of FeLV infection
1. immune response, neutralizes antibodies, resistant to future infection 2. after the initial viremia phase cat is a latent carrier 3. cat is persistently viremic and shed virus
29
how do transient FeLV and progressive FeLV differ
progressive moves to infect platelets and becomes chronic carrier whereas transient circulates to peripheral lymph tissue
30
T/F: vaccination and testing is available for FeLV
TRUE
31
describe FIV clinical signs
enlarged lymph, gingivitis, chronic rhinitis/dermatitis, uveitis, neurological abnormalities *opportunistic infections
32
how is FIV commonly transmitted
horizontally saliva in bites some in utero
33
what test is performed to determine FIV
antibody ELISA
34
what helps support the claim that feline coronavirus is ubiquitous but usually subclinical
the majority of the cat population is infected and appears healthy
35
what are the two biotypes of FCoVs
1. feline enteric coronavirus 2. feline infectious peritonitis virus
36
how does a cat initially infected with FECV get FIPV? how do we know this?
FECV mutates FIPV/FECV sequences are similar mutations that limit enteric replication and "non-contagious"
37
what are the 3 forms of FIP/FCoV
1. effusive (wet) - pleural/peritoneal effusion 2. non-effusive (dry) - pyogranulomatous lesions in kidneys, liver, CNS, and eyes 3. combo
38
how is the form of FIP/FCoV determined
virus mutation/strain and immunity of the infected host
39
FIPV with no cell-mediated immunity
vessel wall damage allows leakage of serum components and results in pleuritis/peritonitis
40
FIPV with partial cell-mediated immunity
accumulation of monocytes and T cells which cause granuloma
41
FIPV with effective cell-mediated immunity
no disease - potential latency or reactivation
42
what antiviral is given for FIP treatment
GS-441524 inhibits RNA polymerase
43
how does canine adenovirus appear on histology
intranuclear inclusion bodies
44
how is CAV1 transmitted
1. ocular secretions 2. respiratory secretions 3. contaminated urine/feces
45
where does CAV1 replicate
endothelium
46
what is a common sign of CAV1? why?
"blue eye" or uveitis damage to anterior uvea due to accumulation of immune complexes
47
what vaccine is better for canine adenovirus: CAV1 or CAV2? why?
CAV2 because there is no incidence of blue eye
48
what hemorrhagic virus is present in rabbit populations
rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus

2 - Animal Health & Disease (61 decks)

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