Lectures 14-16 (pelvic muscles) Flashcards
Pelvic muscles (18 cards)
What are the muscles of the pelvic walls and floor?
Wall - obturator internus, piriformis
Floor - levator ani, coccygeus
What is perineum?
region beneath the pelvic floor
Where does obturator ‘enter’ the pelvis and where does it go?
enters through lesser sciatic foramen and covers the obturator foramen
What covers the medial part of the obturator internus?
obturator fascia
What is the tendinous arch formed by?
thickening of the obturator fascia
What bone outside the pelvis does the obturator internus attach to?
greater trochanter of femur
Where does obturator fascia thicken to form tendinous arch?
Just below obturator canal
What pelvic bones does obturator internus attach to?
ilium and ischium
Which pelvic bones and part of femur does piriformis attach to?
pelvic surface of S2-4 and greater trochanter of femur
Where does piriformis ‘enter’ the pelvis?
greater sciatic notch
What can pierce through the piriformis?
ventral sacral rami of the spinal nerve, such as the sciatic nerve. Sciatic nerve can also pass above/below the piriformis.
What is the relationship between obturator internus and obturator membrane?
obturator internus is deep to the membrane
What is the relationship between obturator internus and obturator fascia?
fascia on the medial surface of the obturator internus
What is the obturator canal? What travels through it?
The obturator canal is a passageway formed in the obturator foramen by part of the obturator membrane. It connects the pelvis to the thigh.
The obturator artery, obturator vein, and obturator nerve all travel through the canal.
Where does levator ani attach?
Bones of lesser pelvis, tendinous arch of obturator fascia to coccyx and sacrum
Where does coccygeus attach?
ischial spine to coccyx and sacrum
What does levator ani consist of?
iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis and pubovaginalis/levator prostate
What does the pelvic diaphragm consist of?
Levator ani and coccygeus and their superior and inferior fascia
