LP IV Flashcards
(74 cards)
plane joint
sliding movements. NONAXIAL
ex: intercarpal, intertarsal, vertebrocostal joints
hinge joint
one bone fits into the concave surface of another to allow movement in one plane - flexion & extension. UNIAXIAL
ex: elbow & interphalangeal
pivot joint
rounted surface of one bone articulates with a shallow depression in another. allows uniaxial rotation UNIAXIAL
ex: proximal radioulnar joint, atlantoaxial joint
condyloid joint
oval condyle of one bone fits into an ellipsoidal depression in another, BIAXIAL
ex: radiocarpal (wrist) joint, metacarpophalangeal joint (knuckles)
saddle joint
articulating surfaces are saddle-shaped, one surface is convex, the other surface is concave. BIAXIAL.
ex: thumb metacarpal + trapezium of wrist
ball & socket joint
ball shaped head of one bone fits into cup like depression of another. allows movement in all directions and pivotal rotation. MULTIAXIAL
ex: shoulder, hip joint.
flexion
bending forward at the hip, bending knee or elbow
extension
straightening knee or elbow (opposite of flexion)
abduction
moving a limb away from the midline - such as fanning movement of fingers or toes when spread apart
adduction
movement of a limb toward the midline of the body, like drawing fingers and toes together
rotation
ball & socket joints, movement of atlas around odontoid process of the axis
circumduction
ball & socket joints like shoulder - proximal end of lib stays stationary, distal end moves in a circle. limb as a whole outlines a cone. condyloid & saddle joints also allow circumduction.
pronation
movement of the palm of the hand from anterior to posterior position - distal end of the radius moves across the ulna
supination
movement of the palm from a posterior position to an anterior position - radius & ulna are parallel
FOOT: inversion
move foot inward toward midline
FOOT: eversion
move foot outward away from midline
FOOT: dorsiflexion
standing on your heels
FOOT: plantar flexion
standing on your toes
origin
stationary, immovable, or less moveable attachment
insertion
moveable attachment
diaphragm location & function
location: floor of thoracic cavity.
performs important function in respiration - as diaphragm contracts, volume of thoracic cavity increases and air is drawn into the lungs. increases volume of thoracic cavity and creates a suction that draws air into the lungs.
internal intercostal location & function
location: 11 pairs of muscles lie between the ribs, run at right angles to external intercostals.
draws ribs together to depress rib cage, aid in forced expiration (exhale), antagonistic to external intercostals.
external intercostal location & function
location: 11 pairs lie between ribs, run obliquely downward and forward toward sternum.
pulls ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage, aid in inspiration (breathe in)
temporalis
closes jaw
