Male Reproductive Anatomy

Question 1

Where is sperm stored?

Answer 1

In the tail of the epididymis.

Question 2

What provides metabolic substrate to the sperm?

Answer 2

Accessory sex glands

Question 3

What are the 4 accessory sex glands?

Answer 3

Ampullae
Vesicular glands
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral glands

Question 4

What accessory sex gland is missing in the boar?

Answer 4

Ampullae

Question 5

What 2 accessory sex glands are missing from the tom?

Answer 5

Ampullae and vesicular gland

Question 6

What accessory sex glands are present in the dog?

Answer 6

Just a prostate

Question 7

How is the temperature in the testis controlled?

Answer 7

Veins and arteries passing in close proximity in the pampiniform plexus allows heat exchange from the arteries to the cooler veins.

Question 8

What does the spermatic cord contain?

Answer 8

Vasculature, lymphatics and neural connections and the cremaster muscle.

Question 9

What 3 things occur in the excurrent duct system?

Answer 9

Final maturation of sperm
Storage
Delivery to pelvic urethra

Question 10

What 3 structures comprise the excurrent duct system?

Answer 10

Efferent ducts
Epididymal duct
Ductus deferens

Question 11

What is the seminal plasma?

Answer 11

Liquid, non-cellular portion of semen

Question 12

What produces the seminal plasma?

Answer 12

The epididymus and the accessory sex glands

Question 13

What are 2 major qualities of a fibroelastic penis?

Answer 13

Limited erectile tissue

Sigmoid flexure

Question 14

What is the major characteristic of a musculovascular penis?

Answer 14

Large corporal sinusoids

Question 15

What 3 species have a fibroelastic penis?

Answer 15

Bulls
Boars
Rams

Question 16

What 3 species have a musculovascular penis?

Answer 16

Stallions
Dogs
Men

Question 17

What is unique about a boar’s penis?

Answer 17

It’s corkescrew

Question 18

What is unique about a ram and stallion penis?

Answer 18

The urethral process

Question 19

What is unique about a dog’s penis?

Answer 19

The os penis

Question 20

What special feature does an alpaca penis have?

Answer 20

The cartilagenous process

Question 21

What does a cat penis have that no other species has?

Answer 21

Penile spines

Question 22

What are 3 endocrine requirements for spermatogenesis?

Answer 22

Enough GnRH
FSH and LH secretion from the anterior pituitary
Testosterone and estrogen

Question 23

What do the Leydig cells do (2 things)?

Answer 23

Have LH receptors

Produce progesterone/testosterone

Question 24

What do the Sertoli cells do (3 things)?

Answer 24

Have FSH receptors
Convert testosterone to estradiol
Produce inhibin

Question 25

What does LH do?

Answer 25

Stimulates Leydig cells to produce testosterone

Question 26

What does FSH do?

Answer 26

Stimulates Sertoli cells to begin spermatogenesis and convert testosterone to estradiol

Question 27

What systemic effect does testosterone have?

Answer 27

Negative feedback for GnRH (prolongs LH secretion)

Question 28

What does inhibin do?

Answer 28

Supresses FSH receptors on Sertoli cells

Question 29

What are the 4 stages of spermatogenesis?

Answer 29

Spermatogonia Primary Spermatophytes Secondary Spermatophytes Spermatids

Question 30

Where does spermatogensis take place?

Answer 30

In the seminiferous tubules

Question 31

How many spermatids can one spermatogonia produce?

Answer 31

Up to 256

Question 32

What is the differentiation phase?

Answer 32

When spermiogenesis occurs.

Question 33

What happens in the golgi phase?

Answer 33

Acrosomic vesicle formation

Question 34

What happens during the cap phase?

Answer 34

Acrosomic vesicle spreads over the nucleus

Question 35

What happens during the acrosomal phase?

Answer 35

Elongation of the nucleus and cytoplasm.

Question 36

What occurs during the maturation phase?

Answer 36

Final assembly to form a spermatozoon.

Question 37

What are the 4 parts that make up the differentiation phase?

Answer 37

Golgi Phase Cap Phase Acrosomal Phase Maturation Phase

Question 38

What 3 things are in the head of a spermatozoa?

Answer 38

Nucleus Acrosome Postnuclear cap

Question 39

What 3 pieces make up the tail of a sperm?

Answer 39

Middle piece Principal piece Terminal piece

Question 40

Which piece of the tail contains the mitochondria?

Answer 40

The middle piece

Question 41

What is the duration of spermatogenesis of a bull?

Answer 41

61 days

Question 42

What is the duration of spermatogenesis of a ram?

Answer 42

47 days

Question 43

What is the duration of spermatogenesis of a boar?

Answer 43

39 days

Question 44

What is the duration of spermatogenesis of a stallion?

Answer 44

55 days

Question 45

What 3 hormones are released in pulses every few hours?

Answer 45

GnRH LH Testosterone

Question 46

What hormone is released in a pulse with a longer duration?

Answer 46

FSH