Flashcards in Mastitis Deck (97)
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1
How does mastitis cause money loss?
1. decreased milk production
2. costs associated with clinical disease
3. increased SCC
2
What is somatic cell count?
indicator of mammary gland inflammation
linked to decreased milk shelf life and cheese yeld
3
What is the regulatory limit of SCC in canada?
400 000 cells/ml
4
What is the limit of bacteria in canada?
50 000 bacteria/ml
5
What are the clinical signs of mastitis?
mild: abnormal milk, normal gland, systemically healthy
moderate: abnormal milk, abnormal gland, systemically healthy
severe: abnormal milk and gland, systemically sick
subclinical: increased SCC, destruction of alveoli and ducts, decreased production long term
6
What are the two groups of mastitis pathogens?
contagious, environmental
7
What is the reservoir of contagious pathogens?
mammary gland
8
When are contagious pathgens transmitted?
at milking
9
What are contagious pathogens?
S. aureus, s agalactiae, mycoplasma, corynebacterium bovis
10
What is the reservour for environmental pathogens?gens?
environment
11
What is the transmission of environmental path
between milkings
12
What are environmental pathogens?
e. coli, s uberis, other coliforms, pseudomonas
13
What are opportunistsi?
s. dysgalatiae
coagulase negative staph
14
What is the prevalence of pathogens?
s. aureus most common isolated
e. coli
s. uberis
coagulase negative staph
15
What are the features of s. aureus?
1. most common contagious pathogen
2. primarily subclinical (some clinical episodes)
3. fluctuating scc and bacterial shedding
4. gram positive coccus, coagulase and catalase positive; frequently hemolytic
16
What are the characteristics of strep agalactiae?
very RARE as it is very sensitive for antibiotics
obligate udder pathogen
subclinical mastitis with periodic flareups
gram positive coccus
catalase negative
17
What are the features of mycoplasma?
1. severe clinical mastitis
2. agalactia for rest of lactation
3. primarily contagious
4. some environmental reservoirs exsit
5. young and mature asymptomatic carriers (calves)
18
What are the features of clinical disease of mycoplasma?
the quarter stops producing milk for rest of lactation
19
How can mycoplasma access the udder?
systemically (other body sites are affected)
20
How many species of mycoplasma are there?
at least 5
21
why should you inform lab you are worried about myoplasma?
because very slow
22
What are features of corynebacterium bovis?
controlled by teat dip
primarily colonizes teat canal
23
What are features of prevention and control of mastitis?
a. decrease exposure
b. increase resistance
5 point plan
1. post-milking teat disinfection
2. blanket dry cow therapy
3. clinical mastitis therapy during lactation
4. proper milking machine maintenance
5. cull chronically infected cattle
24
What is the 5 point plan for mastitis prevention? (will ask this question)
1. post-milking teat disinfection
2. blanket dry cow therapy
3. clinical mastitis therapy duing lactation
4. proper millking machine maintenance
5. cull chronically infected cattle
25
What is the most important mastitis prevention step?
post milking teat infection
26
What are the features of post-milking teat dinsifection?
1. decreases incidence of new IMI by 50-90%
iodine
chlorhexidine
organic acids + emolients-
quarternary ammonium
sodium hypochlorite
27
what is the problem with quaternary ammonium?
inactivated by organic material
28
What is a good feature of chlorhexidine?
it works in presence of organic material
29
What is the benefit of blanket dry cow therapy?
eliminates infection
prevents infection
30
