Flashcards in Diarrhea of grow-finish and adult swine Deck (53)
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1
What are the two main diarrheic dz of adult swine?
1. necroproliferative enteritis
2. swine dysentery
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What is necroproliferative enteritis?
A group of prevalent ACUTE and CHRONIC conditions of widely differing clinical signs but ith a COMMMON UNDERLYING PATHOLOGY
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What are the three chronic manifestations of necroproliferative enteritis?
PIA--porcine intestinal adenomatosis
NE--necrotic enteritis
RI-regional enteritis
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What is PIA?
Porcine intestinal adenomatosis (proliferative enteropathy)
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What is NE?
Necrotic enteritis (coagulative necrosis of mucosa)
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What is RI?
regional ileitis (granulomatous inflammation, hypertrophy of muscle layers)
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Who gets the chronic manifestation of necroproliferative enteritis?
grower and finisher hogs
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Who gets the acute manifestation of necroproliferative enteritis?
finisher hogs and adults
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What is PHE?
an acute manifestation of necroproliferative enteritis
Proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy--severe GIT hemorrhage
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How is necroproliferative enteritis transmitted?
fecal oral
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What is the pathogen responsible for necroproliferative enteritis?
lawsonia intracellularis
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When are animals exposed to lawsonia intracellularis (chronic form)
late nursery or early grower
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What is the incubation period of chronic necroproliferative enteritis
2-3 wks
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What are the clinical signs of chronic necroproliferative enteritis?
1. diarrhea (50%)
2. slow growth
3. weight loss
(more severe signs associated with increasing mucosa/muscle layer involvement)
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What is the pathogenesis of chronic necroproliferative enteritis?
1. intracellular invasion of intestinal crypt cells (affintiy for immature)
2. proliferation of immature crypt cells (don't mature)
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What is the consequence of proliferation of immature crypt cells in chronic necroproliferative enteritis?
hyperplastic-->adenomatosis
thickened mucosa (SI and colon)
hose-pipe gut (ileum)
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What are the lesions of porcine intestinal adenomatosis?
no necrosis, only mucosal proliferation mainly ileum
corrugated hyperplastic appearance. Homogenous diarrhea
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What area of the gut does lawsonia intracellularis most typically affect?
the ileum (less common colon and caecum)
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What area of the intestine does lawsonia intracellularis affect that swine dystentery (brachyspira) does not affect?
the ileum
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What are the lesions of necrotic enteritis?
necrotic membrane on the thickened intestine? may slough off
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What are the lesions of regional ileits?
smooth muscle hypertrophy occurs when the necrotic mucous membrane has sloughed away
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Is regional ileitis common or rare?
rare, most pigs die before this
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What is the progression through the types of chronic necroproliferative enteritis?
PIA-->NE-->RI
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What are the clinical signs of acute necroproliferative enteritis? (proliferative hemorrhagic enteritis)
1. anorexia
2. acute/peracute death
3. anemia
4. melena
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What is the pathogenesis of proliferative hemorrhagic enteritis?
Degeneration of epithelial cells, leakage of capillary beds
=>acute hemorrhage in upper SI
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What are DDX for PHE in young boars?
gastric ulcers
swine dysentery
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What animals are at risk for proliferative hemorrhagic enteritis?
older finisher hogs
gilts and boars (breeding)
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What are the lesions of PHE
dark digestd blood in colon. ileal serosa markedly corrugated.
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How is necroproliferative enteritis diagnosed?
1. gross pathology
chronic: corrugated
acute: blood/melena
2. stains for intracellular bacteria
3. IHC
4. PCR feces of tissue
5. serology--poor, low Ig
NOT culture
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