Mega Revision Deck

Question 1

What is the climate of Dão, Portugal?

Answer 1

Mediterranean with warm, dry summers and mild winters

Rainfall averages around 1100mm annually, mostly in autumn and winter. Hazards include summer hail, spring frosts in lower vineyards, and drought.

Question 2

What are the topographical features of Dão, Portugal?

Answer 2

Varied topography with hills, valleys, and mountains

Most vineyards are on gentle slopes at 400-500m, ranging from 200m to 900m.

Question 3

What type of soils are found in Dão, Portugal?

Answer 3

Predominantly weathered granite, sandy or loamy, low in organic matter, and free-draining

This can cause water stress.

Question 4

What percentage of the planted area in Dão is currently utilized?

Answer 4

About 5% of potential

Holdings are typically tiny, averaging <0.5 ha per grower.

Question 5

What are the key red grape varieties produced in Dão, Portugal?

Answer 5

• Touriga Nacional
• Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo)
• Jaen (Mencía)
• Alfrocheiro

Question 6

What is the main white grape variety in Dão, Portugal?

Answer 6

Encruzado

It is known for high quality and medium/medium+ acidity.

Question 7

How are red wines in Dão typically produced?

Answer 7

Generally less full-bodied and intense than Douro wines, with fresher flavours and higher acidity

Red wines often use shorter maceration and oak aging to soften tannins.

Question 8

What is the reputation of wines from Dão, Portugal?

Answer 8

Range from good to outstanding, mid-priced to premium.

Question 9

Which producers are mentioned in relation to Dão, Portugal?

Answer 9

• Vinha Paz
• Quinta de Pellada

Question 10

What is the primary grape variety in Saint Joseph, Northern Rhône, France?

Answer 10

Syrah

100% in practice, though Marsanne and Roussanne are allowed up to 10%.

Question 11

What is the maximum yield for Saint Joseph wines?

Answer 11

40hl/ha

Question 12

What are the primary wine styles produced in Aconcagua Valley, Chile?

Answer 12

• Ripe, full-bodied red wines
• Fresh white wines

Question 13

What climatic conditions are found in Casablanca Valley, Chile?

Answer 13

Cooler growing area with significant variation

First vineyards planted in the 1980s, well-regarded for Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay.

Question 14

What is the significance of Leyda Valley in Chile?

Answer 14

Known for foggy mornings, cool breezes, and sunny afternoons

Important varieties include Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, and Syrah.

Question 15

What are the four DOs included in Central Valley, Chile?

Answer 15

• Maipo
• Rapel
• Curico
• Maule

Question 16

What is the main grape variety in Nemea, Greece?

Answer 16

Agiorgitiko

Nemea PDO is only for red wines.

Question 17

What are the altitude zones in Nemea?

Answer 17

• Lowest: 250-400m
• Middle: 450-650m
• Highest: 650-1000m

Question 18

What are the top PDOs in Macedonia, Greece?

Answer 18

• Naoussa
• Amynteo

Question 19

What grape variety is exclusively produced in Naoussa?

Answer 19

Xinomavro

PDO requires 100% Xinomavro.

Question 20

What is the climate like in Peloponnese, Greece?

Answer 20

Very mountainous with poor, rocky soils, moderated temperatures due to altitude.

Question 21

What is the reputation of wines from Amynteo?

Answer 21

Mid-priced, good to very good, with outstanding examples.

Question 22

In Aconcagua Valley, what grape varieties are primarily used for red wine?

Answer 22

• Cabernet
• Merlot
• Syrah
• Carmenère

Question 23

True or False: Most wines in Saint Joseph are fermented in stainless steel and wooden tanks.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Fill in the blank: The Aconcagua Region includes Aconcagua Valley, San Antonio Valley, and _______.

Answer 24

Casablanca Valley

Question 25

What is the main white grape variety in San Antonio Valley, Chile?

Answer 25

Sauvignon Blanc

Question 26

What are the characteristics of the hottest, most fertile soils for wine production?

Answer 26

Grapes ripen easily, generally cheap wines, some high-quality sweet wines.

Question 27

What is the ideal altitude range for producing quality wines?

Answer 27

450-650m

Question 28

What soil conditions are found in the middle altitude range for wine production?

Answer 28

Poor, easily drained soils limit yields.

Question 29

At what altitude do Agiorgitiko grapes struggle to ripen?

Answer 29

650-1000m

Question 30

Which grape variety is associated with Mantinia?

Answer 30

Moscofilero

Question 31

What are the characteristics of the wines produced in Mantinia?

Answer 31

Fresh, high acidity, low-medium alcohol, medium-minus to medium body, floral, slightly spicy aromas.

Question 32

What is the main challenge of grape growing in the Greek Islands?

Answer 32

Strong winds, low rainfall, rocky soils.

Question 33

What is the most lauded winemaking region in the 21st century in Greece?

Answer 33

Santorini

Question 34

What is the primary grape used in PDO wines from Santorini?

Answer 34

Assyrtiko

Question 35

What is the significance of the 'stefani' training system in Santorini viticulture?

Answer 35

Vines are trained low to the ground in a basket shape for protection.

Question 36

What is the typical yield for PDO Santorini wines?

Answer 36

15hl/ha

Question 37

What is a key feature of the winemaking style in Santorini?

Answer 37

Only white wines (dry or sweet) with specific varietal percentages.

Question 38

Who played a significant role in the recovery of Campanian varieties?

Answer 38

Mastroberardino

Question 39

What is the historical significance of Vega Sicilia in Ribera del Duero?

Answer 39

First winery established in the 19th century, considered a top producer.

Question 40

What major market factor contributed to the popularity of Ribera del Duero wines?

Answer 40

Proximity to Madrid

Question 41

What are the three main subregions of Rioja?

Answer 41

* Rioja Alta * Rioja Alavesa * Rioja Oriental

Question 42

What climatic influences affect Navarra's wine production?

Answer 42

Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Pyrenees.

Question 43

What are the two main grape varieties grown in the Balearic Islands?

Answer 43

* Manto Negro * Callet

Question 44

What is a unique feature of viticulture in the Canary Islands?

Answer 44

Phylloxera is not present, no grafting needed.

Question 45

What is the main grape variety grown in Lanzarote?

Answer 45

Malvasia

Question 46

What is the climate of Tejo, Portugal?

Answer 46

Mediterranean, hot, dry summers, mild, wet winters.

Question 47

What is the main grape variety in Mendoza, Argentina?

Answer 47

Malbec

Question 48

What geographical area is recognized for high-quality wines in Mendoza?

Answer 48

Uco Valley

Question 49

What factors contribute to the wine style in Salta Province, Argentina?

Answer 49

High altitude, intense sunlight, Zonda wind.

Question 50

Fill in the blank: The largest wine-producing province in Argentina is _______.

Answer 50

Mendoza

Question 51

True or False: Many vineyards in Mendoza are located at altitudes below 500m.

Answer 51

False

Question 52

What is the significance of the Gualtallary district in Mendoza?

Answer 52

Recognized for high-quality, distinctive, complex wines.

Question 53

What grape varieties are commonly grown in La Rioja Province, Argentina?

Answer 53

* Torrontes * Cabernet * Malbec * Syrah

Question 54

What is the main focus of the wine industry in La Rioja Province, Argentina?

Answer 54

High volume, inexpensive production.

Question 55

What is the primary grape variety dominating Salta Province's wine production?

Answer 55

Malbec

Question 56

What environmental factor allows for concentrated wines in Salta Province?

Answer 56

High altitude

Question 57

What protects grapes with thicker skins and lower yields?

Answer 57

Vines ## Footnote High transpiration contributes to these characteristics.

Question 58

What is the main grape variety dominating the region discussed?

Answer 58

Malbec ## Footnote Malbecs are full-bodied with medium+ acidity and high alcohol.

Question 59

What are the characteristics of Malbec wines?

Answer 59

Full-bodied, medium+ acidity, high alcohol, ripe black fruit with herbs and florals ## Footnote Other varieties include Cabernet, Bonarda, Syrah, and growing interest in Tannat.

Question 60

Which white variety is key in the region, especially in GI Cafayete?

Answer 60

Torrontés ## Footnote Cafayete vineyards are located at ~1700masl and produce aromatic, unoaked wines.

Question 61

How is Victoria, Australia divided in terms of wine production?

Answer 61

Six smaller zones: Central Victoria, Gippsland, North East Victoria, North West Victoria, Port Phillip, Western Victoria ## Footnote Victoria is the 3rd largest producing state.

Question 62

What historical event led to a boom in sales in Victoria's wine industry?

Answer 62

Phylloxera struck Europe ## Footnote This event significantly increased demand for Australian wines.

Question 63

What are the primary concerns regarding phylloxera in Victoria?

Answer 63

Infested zone, regions at risk, quarantine and biosecurity laws ## Footnote New vineyards are planted on phylloxera resistant rootstock.

Question 64

What is the main grape variety in the Great Southern region of Western Australia?

Answer 64

Shiraz ## Footnote Shiraz accounts for 33% of the crush.

Question 65

What are the subregions of Great Southern, Western Australia?

Answer 65

Albany, Denmark, Mount Barker, Porongurup, Frankland River ## Footnote These regions have diverse climates affecting grape characteristics.

Question 66

Which grape variety is considered the flagship white in Great Southern?

Answer 66

Riesling ## Footnote Porongurup is recognized as the leading subregion for Riesling.

Question 67

What is the main climate characteristic of Bendigo in Central Otago, New Zealand?

Answer 67

Continental climate (hot summer days, clear cold nights) ## Footnote This leads to low yields of intensely concentrated grapes.

Question 68

What is the major challenge for vineyards in the South-East Australian Zone?

Answer 68

Drought and salinity ## Footnote These factors can reduce growth or kill vines.

Question 69

How are inexpensive Shiraz wines typically produced in South-East Australia?

Answer 69

Highly efficient methods, including machine harvesting and fermentation with cultured yeast ## Footnote Brief aging in large oak casks or stainless steel is also common.

Question 70

What is the average rainfall during the growing season in the Murray-Darling Basin?

Answer 70

Approximately 150mm ## Footnote This low rainfall necessitates irrigation for most years.

Question 71

Fill in the blank: The main grape variety from warmer parts of Denmark in Great Southern is _______.

Answer 71

Cabernet Sauvignon ## Footnote These wines are known for their intense, powerful characteristics.

Question 72

True or False: The Great Southern region has a maritime climate throughout.

Answer 72

False ## Footnote The climate varies from maritime to more continental as you move inland.