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Piemonte Flashcards

1
Q

What is the nickname for Barolo wine?

A

Wine of Kings, King of Wines

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2
Q

At what altitudes are Barolo vineyards typically planted?

A

200-400 masl

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3
Q

What is the maximum yield for Barolo vineyards?

A

56 hl/ha

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4
Q

How long must Barolo be aged, including time in barrel?

A

38 months, including 18 months in barrel

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5
Q

What is the aging requirement for Barolo Riserva?

A

62 months, including 18 months in barrel

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6
Q

Which villages produce lighter, more aromatic Barolo wines?

A

La Morra, Barolo

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7
Q

What type of soil is found in the southern Barolo villages?

A

Yellow-grey compacted sand and clay

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8
Q

What is the primary focus of modern Barolo producers regarding vineyard expression?

A

Terroir expression

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9
Q

What system of subzones was introduced in Barolo in 2010?

A

MGA system

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10
Q

What type of wine is Barolo Chinato?

A

Sweetened and infused with herbs and spices

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11
Q

How does Barbaresco compare in size to Barolo?

A

About ⅓ the size of Barolo

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12
Q

What is the aging requirement for Barbaresco?

A

26 months including 9 in cask, or 50 months including 9 in casks

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13
Q

When were Barbaresco MGAs introduced?

A

2007

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14
Q

What innovations did young producers in the 1970s and 1980s introduce?

A

Wines with softer tannins, deeper colors, and less necessary aging

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15
Q

What are the best areas for growing Nebbiolo outside Barolo?

A

Roero DOCG, Gattinara, Ghemme, Valtellina

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16
Q

What is the main characteristic of Dolcetto grapes?

A

Ripens early and can be grown in cooler sites

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17
Q

What are the key producers of Dolcetto?

A

Marcarini, Marziano Abbona

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18
Q

What is the maximum yield for Barbera d’Asti DOCG?

A

64 hl/ha

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19
Q

What is the aging requirement for Nizza DOCG?

A

18 months including 6 months in oak

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20
Q

What type of wine is Gavi or Cortese di Gavi DOCG?

A

100% Cortese

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21
Q

What is the main characteristic of Cortese grapes?

A

High yielding

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22
Q

What is the maximum yield for Roero Arneis DOCG?

A

70 hl/ha

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23
Q

What is the primary issue affecting Dolcetto’s vineyard plantings?

A

High prices commanded by Nebbiolo

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24
Q

What is a significant characteristic of Barbera wines?

A

Generally high acid, low tannin

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25
What is the winemaking process for Dolcetto to avoid off flavors?
Requires pumpovers and rack and return to introduce oxygen
26
What is the primary aging method for Cortese wines?
Generally aged in stainless steel
27
What is the impact of new oak flavors on Nebbiolo wines?
Masks the aromas of Nebbiolo
28
What is the business structure of the Langhe and Piemonte wine region?
Small family-owned farms and vineyards
29
What has increased the interest in Nebbiolo wines?
Aging ability
30
What is the effect of rising prices for Barolo and Barbaresco on the market?
Attention has turned to less expensive appellations such as Langhe DOC
31
What is the permitted vineyard elevation range of Barolo?
170-540 meters
32
Are Barolo vineyards with complete northern exposures permitted?
No, they are prohibited.
33
What is the primary composition of the Langhe soils?
Marine sedimentary soils in alternating layers of calcareous marls and sandstone with varied percentages of clay and sand.
34
What era do the oldest soils of Barolo belong to and how old are they?
Serravallian era, formed 11–13 million years ago.
35
What era do the soils in the western part of Barolo belong to and their age?
Tortonian era, formed 7–11 million years ago.
36
What is the age of the youngest soils in Barolo?
5–7 million years ago from the Messinian era.
37
What is the Formazione di Lequio primarily composed of?
Gray marl and light yellow sandstone.
38
Where is the Formazione di Lequio primarily found?
Monforte d’Alba and Serralunga d’Alba.
39
What characterizes the wines produced from the Formazione di Lequio?
Austere, powerful, and structured.
40
What is the composition of the Marne di Sant’Agata Fossili formation?
Bluish-gray marls with higher clay content.
41
Where is the Marne di Sant’Agata Fossili formation primarily found?
Barolo, La Morra, and Barbaresco.
42
What type of wines does the Marne di Sant’Agata Fossili formation yield?
More perfumed, rounder, and more elegant wines.
43
What is the primary characteristic of the Arenarie di Diano d’Alba formation?
Occupies a middle ground between structure and elegance.
44
Where is the Arenarie di Diano d’Alba formation primarily located?
Castiglione Falletto.
45
What do the youngest geological formations in Barolo consist of?
Gypsum-sulfur with higher sand content.
46
Where are the youngest formations found?
Parts of La Morra, Verduno, and Cherasco.
47
What type of Barolos do the youngest formations yield?
The softest and most approachable for early drinking.
48
What is the minimum percentage of Nebbiolo required for Roero’s red wines?
95%
49
What is the minimum percentage of Arneis allowed in Roero's white and sparkling wines?
95%
50
What are the aging requirements for Roero red wines?
20 months for Normale and 32 months for Riserva, including 6 months in barrel
51
What are the aging requirements for Roero white wines?
4 months for Normale and 16 months for Riserva
52
What is the vigna designation in Roero?
Single-vineyard wines with lower mandated yields
53
How many MGAs are there in Roero?
153 MGAs, including 19 village designations
54
What grape variety thrives in Roero and is also used by Barolo and Barbaresco producers?
Arneis
55
Are sparkling wines authorized in Roero?
Yes, in a range of sweetness levels
56
What is the minimum percentage required for Nebbiolo-based reds in Terre Alfieri DOCG?
85%
57
What is the minimum percentage required for Arneis-based whites in Terre Alfieri DOCG?
85%
58
When was Terre Alfieri DOCG awarded?
2020
59
How many hectares of vineyards does Terre Alfieri DOCG have?
40 hectares (100 acres)
60
What are the designations available in Terre Alfieri DOCG?
Superiore, riserva, and vigna designations
61
True or False: Roero and Terre Alfieri are the only two Piedmont DOCGs that produce both red and white wine.
True

d3 Cards from Notes (21 decks)

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