micro

Question 1

Grows on chocolate agar with Factor V (NAD+) and X (hematin)

Answer 1

H. influenzae

Question 2

Thayer Martin/ VPN (Vancomycin, Polymyxin, Nystatin) media

Answer 2

N. gonorrhoeae

Question 3

Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar

Answer 3

B. pertussis

Question 4

Loffler’s media

Answer 4

C. diptheriae

Question 5

Lowerstein Jensen agar

Answer 5

M tuberculosis

Question 6

Eaton’s agar

Answer 6

M. pneumoniae

Question 7

pink colonies on MacConkey agar

Answer 7

lactose fermenting enterics, like E.coli

Question 8

blue black colonies with metallic sheen on eosin-methylene blue agar

Answer 8

E. coli

Question 9

charcoal yeast extract agar with cysteine and iron

Answer 9

Legionella

Question 10

Sabouraud’s agar

Answer 10

fungi

Question 11

mycobacteria growing in serpentine fashion on selective growth medium correlates with?

Answer 11

virulence

indicates presence of cord factor

Question 12

antibodies against polyribitol ribose phospate will protect against what organism

Answer 12

H. influenzae (epiglottitis)

Question 13

asthmatic with bronchiectasis and transient pulm infiltrates with high IgE and eosinophilia

Answer 13

colonized with Aspergillus

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Question 14

recent travel to Great lakes, mississippi, ohio river basin

Answer 14

Blastomyces

Question 15

KOH showing round yeast with doubly refractive walls and single broad based bud

Answer 15

blastomycosis

Question 16

treatment for blastomycosis

Answer 16

Itraconazole

Question 17

croup, barking cough

Answer 17

parainfluenze (paramyxoviridae family)

Question 18

characteristics of CMV

Answer 18

enveloped, double stranded DNA

Question 19

characteristics of picornavirus (polio, coxsackievirus, echovirus, hepatitis A)

Answer 19

non enveloped RNA virus

Question 20

characteristics of rhinovirus

Answer 20

noneveloped SS+ RNA

Question 21

characteristics of rotavirus

Answer 21

noneveloped dsRNA virus

Question 22

characteristics of Norwalk virus

Answer 22

non enveloped ssRNA virus

Question 23

catalase pos bacteria

Answer 23

Staph aureus
Burkholderia cepacia
Serratia marcescens
Nocardia
Aspergillus

Question 24

ovoid cells inside macrophages

Answer 24

histoplasmosis

Question 25

mechanism of action of fluroquinalones

Answer 25

inhibits DNA gyrase--> bacteria DNA damage--> death

Question 26

mechanism of tetracyclines

Answer 26

inhibit bacterial 30S ribosome

Question 27

mechanism of macrolides (chloramphenicol, azithro)

Answer 27

inhibits bacteria 50S ribosome

Question 28

painful less ulcers --> painful ulcers and lymphadenopathy and ulceration cell scrapings with cytoplasmic inclusion bodies

Answer 28

Chlamydia trachomatis

Question 29

mechanism of pseudomonas exotoxin A

Answer 29

inactivates EF 2 via ribosylation--> inhibits host cell protein synthesis same as diptheria toxin

Question 30

organism causing gas gangrene

Answer 30

Clostridium perfringens

Question 31

what is the best way to suppress recurrence of genital herpes?

Answer 31

daily valcyclovir/acyclovir/ or famcyclovir after first episode

Question 32

cephalosporins effective against Pseudomonas

Answer 32

Ceftazidime (3rd gen) | cefepime (4th gen)

Question 33

grows on cysteine-tellurite agar

Answer 33

C. diptheriae

Question 34

causes of necrotizing fascitis

Answer 34

strep pyogenes (group A) staph aureus Clostridium perfringens

Question 35

characteristics of herpes virus

Answer 35

enveloped ds DNA

Question 36

non enveloped ssDNA

Answer 36

parvovirus

Question 37

non enveloped ds RNA

Answer 37

reovirus | e.g. rotovirus

Question 38

virulence factor for strep pyogenes

Answer 38

Protein M

Question 39

treatment of diptheriae

Answer 39

1. diptheriae antitoxin (passive immunity) 2. antibiotics (PCN, erythromycin) 3. Diptheria vaccination

Question 40

characteristics of HEV

Answer 40

unenveloped SS+RNA

Question 41

liver enzymes in baby with HBV

Answer 41

mildly elevated

Question 42

gastroenteritis from domestic animals

Answer 42

Campylobacter

Question 43

mechanism of damage of C diff

Answer 43

toxins A and B disrupt actin cytoskeleton structure and intracellular signalling

Question 44

oxidase positive, gram neg, comma shaped rods, survive on alkaline media

Answer 44

Vibrio cholerae

Question 45

virus that buds through the host nuclear membrane

Answer 45

herpes virus (e.g CMV, EBC, HSV)

Question 46

mechanism of shiga like toxin

Answer 46

inactivates ribosomal subunits

Question 47

pathogenic mechanism for shigella

Answer 47

mucosal invasion

Question 48

HBV sequence of replication

Answer 48

dsDNA--> template +RNA --> progeny dsDNA

Question 49

What picoranavirus is acid labile?

Answer 49

Rhinovirus destroyed by stomach and and cannot infect GI tract like other picornaviruses.

Question 50

fever, sore throat, conjunctivitis, cervical lymphadenopathy

Answer 50

Adenovirus

Question 51

fever, rash, post auricular lymphadenopathy

Answer 51

Rubella

Question 52

virus family of Rubella

Answer 52

togavirus

Question 53

Ecoli virulence factor for septic shock

Answer 53

LPS: Lipid A

Question 54

Ecoli virulence factor for cystitis and pyleo

Answer 54

fimbriae

Question 55

Ecoli virulence factor fir PNA and neonatal meningitis

Answer 55

K capsule

Question 56

mechanism of action of acyclovir/gancyclovir

Answer 56

Guanosine analog: inhibits DNA replication by incorporating in DNA but cannot elongate--> termination of DNA strand

Question 57

Staph saprophyticus

Answer 57

common cause of UTI in sexually active women

Question 58

characteristics of staph saprophyticus

Answer 58

gram pos catalase pos coagulase neg novobiocin resistance

Question 59

dysuria and blood in urine with U/S showing hydronephrosis and bladder wall thickening

Answer 59

urinary schistomiasis | Schistosoma haematobium

Question 60

what kind of animal contact with schistomiasis?

Answer 60

snails

Question 61

adult symptoms of rubella

Answer 61

polyarthralgias

Question 62

mechanism of scalded skin syndrome

Answer 62

exotoxins produced by staph species | act like proteases and cleave desmogian in desmosomes

Question 63

mediators of neutrophils

Answer 63

LTB4 C5a IL8 bacterial products

Question 64

mechanism of toxic shock syndrome

Answer 64

toxic shock syndrome toxin binds to T cell and antigen presenting cell super tight and causes more T cell proliferation than normal

Question 65

mechanism of toxic shock syndrome symptoms

Answer 65

widespread T cell activation--> increased release of IL2, IL1 and TNF alpha

Question 66

UTIs at daycare acute dysuria and hematuria virus responsible?

Answer 66

hemorrhagic cystitis | Adenovirus

Question 67

bacterial with polypeptide capsule

Answer 67

B. anthracis made of D-glutamate