microbiology quiz 2-24-15

Question 1

what is the digestive enzyme that we naturally produce, that is found in our tears and saliva

Answer 1

Lysozyme

Question 2

what enzyme breaks the bond that holds the NAM-NAG together and destroys them?

Answer 2

Lysozyme

Question 3

what structure protects the bacteria from changes in osmotic pressure

Answer 3

cell wall

Question 4

what structure of the bacteria is a site for attachment for the flagella

Answer 4

cell wall

Question 5

what structure of the bacteria is a site for action of ABT drugs

Answer 5

cell wall

Question 6

what structure of the bacteria is ridged, thick and provides shape and support

Answer 6

cells wall

Question 7

what ABT acts on the cell wall by preventing the formation of cross bridges

Answer 7

Penicillin

Question 8

Penicillin has the ability to attack cell walls by preventing formation of the cell wall, what is this ability called

Answer 8

selective toxicity

Question 9

what cell wall type is a gram + cell wall?

Answer 9

thick cell wall

Question 10

what cell wall type is a gram - cell wall?

Answer 10

thin cell wall

Question 11

what cell wall type is not gram + or gram - ?

Answer 11

Atypical cell wall

Question 12

what genus of bacteria is known as acid fast?

Answer 12

Mycobacterium

Question 13

Atypical cell walls are made up of 60% of lipids called

Answer 13

mycolic acids

Question 14

what is the name of the lipid that comprises 60% of the atypical cell wall?

Answer 14

mycolic acid

Question 15

what is the name of the waxy type material that is present in the atypical cell wall?

Answer 15

mycolic acid

Question 16

mycolic acid is a waxy lipid found in what type of cell wall?

Answer 16

atypical cell wall

Question 17

what type of cell wall will not stain with a gram stain?

Answer 17

atypical cell wall

Question 18

why will an atypical cell wall bacteria not stain when using a gram stain?

Answer 18

due to the mycolic acid

Question 19

what type of stain is used to dye a bacteria with an atypical cell wall?

Answer 19

acid fast stain

Question 20

do bacteria with an atypical cell wall have a peptidoglycan layer?

Answer 20

yes, but it is very thin

Question 21

what genus of bacteria do not have a cell wall?

Answer 21

mycoplasma

Question 22

what is the bacteria that causes “walking pneumonia”?

Answer 22

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 23

what type of bacterial cells exhibit an extreme variation in shape due to the lack of cell wall?

Answer 23

mycoplasma

Question 24

which type of bacteria need sterols to provide structure and stability

Answer 24

mycoplasma

Question 25

how do mycoplasma get the sterols they need?

Answer 25

from the human host

Question 26

which type of cell uses its cell membrane for ATP?

Answer 26

Prokaryotic

Question 27

what type of bacteria use their cell membrane for photosynthesis?

Answer 27

autotrophic prokaryotes

Question 28

what do autotrophic prokaryotes use their cell membrane for?

Answer 28

photosynthesis

Question 29

what is the in-folded extension of the cell membrane called in bacteria?

Answer 29

mesosome

Question 30

what is the in-folded extension of the cell membrane that is loaded with pigments?

Answer 30

chromatophores

Question 31

what is some of the purposes of the mesosome?

Answer 31

1. it increases the surface area to make ATP | 2. it can increase photosynthesis

Question 32

what is the function of streaming in the eukaryotic cell?

Answer 32

1. moving nutrients | 2. rids wastes

Question 33

what is the function called in eukaryotic cells that is described as the fluid moving in one direction in the cell?

Answer 33

streaming or cytoplasmic streaming

Question 34

which type of cell has a cytoskeleton?

Answer 34

eukaryotic

Question 35

what is the name of the fluid content inside the cell?

Answer 35

cytoplasm

Question 36

when two different kinds of prokaryotes came together, merged and formed a completely unique cell type this is called

Answer 36

symbiosis

Question 37

structures inside the eukaryotic cells that perform special functions

Answer 37

organelles

Question 38

cell groupings of multicellular organisms that have a specific function

Answer 38

tissues

Question 39

which type of cells are cilia found?

Answer 39

protozoa and animal cells

Question 40

how is the flagellum of a eukaryotic cell different from a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 40

it is thicker

Question 41

what locomotor appendage occurs in rows across the cells surface, where they beat back and forth in regular oar like strokes

Answer 41

cilia

Question 42

what is one function of the cilia

Answer 42

feeding and filtering structures, movements

Question 43

what is the outermost boundary of the cell that comes into contact with the environment

Answer 43

glycocalyx

Question 44

what portion of the cell is composed of polysaccharides and appears as a network of fibers, a slime layer, or a capsule

Answer 44

glycocalyx

Question 45

what is the cell wall of a fungus comprised of

Answer 45

a thick inner layer of polysaccharide fibers composed of chitin or cellulose and a thin outer layer of mixed glycans

Question 46

what is the bilayer of phospholipids in which protein molecules are embedded, contains sterols, and strengthen the cell r/t no cell wall, serves as a selectively permeable barrier for transport

Answer 46

the cytoplasmic membrane

Question 47

what external boundary separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm

Answer 47

the nuclear envelope

Question 48

the main body of the nucleus is the site for ribosomal RNA synthesis and a collection area for ribosomal subunits

Answer 48

nucleolus

Question 49

large units of genetic information in the cell

Answer 49

DNA

Question 50

the control center of the cell that is perforated with pores and serves as a selective passageway for molecules to migrate between the

Answer 50

nucleus