Midterm I Disease/Conditions Review Flashcards
(24 cards)
1
Q
Turner Syndrome
A
- monosomy
- females with webbed hands and feet and heart issues
2
Q
Klinefelter Syndrome
A
- Trisomy
- male with female characteristics
3
Q
DiGeorge Syndrome
A
- partial lack of thymus
- primary t-lymphocyte deficiency
- cleft palate, cardiac defects, abnormal face
4
Q
Brain Malformations in Major Depressive Disorder
A
- smaller hippocampus
- larger amygdala
5
Q
Isotonic Fluid Loss
A
- water and sodium lost in proportion
- hypoaldosterone
- diuretic therapy
- fluid loss
- tenting skin
6
Q
Isotonic Fluid Gain
A
- sodium and water gained in proportion
- heart/kidney failure
7
Q
Hypotonic Imbalance
A
- water into cell and decreased ECF concentration
- too much water not enough sodium
- muscle cramps and weakness
- neurological
8
Q
Interstitial Edema
A
- increased cap hydrostatic pressure
- decreased cap oncotic pressure
- increased cap permeability
- lymph obstruction
- pulmonary leads to weird breath sounds
- increased resp rate
- IV albumin
9
Q
Hypertonic Imbalance
A
- increased EF concentration
- less ADH
- increased reflexes
- neurological
10
Q
Hyperkalemia
A
- potassium
- renal disease or cell injury
- too much intake
- acidosis
- hypoaldosteronism
- ACE inhibitors
11
Q
Hypokalemia
A
- diarrhea
- too little intake
- hyperaldosteronism
- diuretics
- alkalosis
- cardiac and neuro effects
12
Q
HCO3- in excess causes ____.
A
metabolic alkalosis
13
Q
Hypertrophy vs Hyperplasia
A
- trophy- cell enlargement
- plasia- increase number of cells
14
Q
Metaplasia
A
- one cell replaced by another type
15
Q
Dysplasia
A
- change in size shape and organization
- last reversible step before cancer
16
Q
Hypercapnia
A
- increased CO2 in blood
17
Q
Atelectasis
A
- alveolar collapse
- caused by anesthetic
- coughing and deep breaths
18
Q
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure
A
- failure to oxygenate adequately
- due to thick alveolar membrane, decreased O2 in atmosphere
- neuro issues
19
Q
Tension Pneumothorax
A
- air enters pleura but cannot exit
- compresses lungs and heart
- requires puncture
20
Q
Emphysema
A
- destroys alveoli walls and capillary
- floppy terminal bronchioles (constrict easily)
21
Q
COPD
A
- increased pulmonary BP
- resp heart failure
- forceful exhalation ( dangerous)
- breath through straw
22
Q
Chronic Bronchitis
A
- swollen airways
- lots of mucus
- COPD
23
Q
Neuroendocrine Tumors
A
- fast and agressive
- produce ectopic hormones
24
Q
Three Non-Small Cell Carcinomas
A
- Large Cell
- central
- fast
- undifferentiated
- Adenocarcinoma
- from gland tissues in lung
- moderate growth
- by pleura
- Squamous
- slowest
