MODULE 4 PART 1: INTRODUCTION TO CYTOKINES Flashcards

(27 cards)

1
Q

These are the cytokines secreted by macrophages

A
  • IL-1
  • IL-6
  • IL-12
  • IL-18
  • TNF-A
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2
Q

TNFs are derived from what cells?

A

Macrophages and T cells

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3
Q

What are the main function of cytokines?

A
  • Tissue repair
  • Resistance to infection
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4
Q

It is the ability of one cytokine to act on different cell type

A

Pleiotropy

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5
Q

Cytokines that act primarily as chemotactic factors and leukocyte activators

A

Chemokines

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6
Q

Pattern of cytokine activity that bind to receptors on cells in close proximity to the cell origin

A

Paracrine

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7
Q

Redundancy refers to ?

A

Similar function of cytokines

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8
Q

Interferons is derived from the fact that they interfere with ?

A

Viral RNA and protein synthesis

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9
Q

Cytokine that can kill tumor cells

A

Tumor Necrotic Factors (TNFs)

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10
Q

Cytokines produced by monocytes

A

Monokines

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11
Q

What is the cytokine that is the key mediator of acute inflammation?

A

TNF-a

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12
Q

Antiviral cytokines that are produced in response to virus infection or immune stimulation

A

Interferons

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13
Q

Some cytokines may prevent or inhibit the action of others. This refers to ?

A

Antagonism

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14
Q

Family of cytokines that play an important role in leukocyte circulation and migration, especially in inflammation

A

Chemokines

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15
Q

What are the roles of cytokines?

A
  • Cytokines are produced by antigenic stimuli acting through the T-cell and B-cell receptors
  • Antigen-antibody complexes acting through Fc receptors
  • Superantigens acting through the T-cell receptors
  • Pathogen-associated molecules such as lipopolysaccharides acting through toll-like receptors
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16
Q

Cytokine that also play a role in the maintenance of pregnancy

17
Q

This cytokine ensures that the body is supplied with sufficient cells to defend itself.

A

Growth factors

18
Q

Some cytokines work optimally only when in association with other cytokines. This refers to ?

19
Q

Interleukins are numbered sequentially based on ?

A

Order of their discovery

20
Q

Pattern of cytokine activity that bind to receptors on the cell that produced them

21
Q

What are the extents of effect of cytokines?

A
  • Autocrine
  • Paracrine
  • Endocrine
22
Q

Cytokines that regulate the interactions between lymphocytes and other leukocytes

23
Q

This cytokine control leukocyte product by regulating stem cell growth.

A

Growth factors

24
Q

Pattern of cytokine activity that spreads throughout the body thereby affecting cells in distant location from the source of production

25
Variety of of proteins secreted by the cells of the immune system whose function is to regulate the immune responses (e.g. proliferation, differentiation, and maturation of nearby cells)
Cytokines
26
Describe the functional redundancy of cytokines.
Very high
27
Cytokines produced by T cells
Lymphokines