Module 5.1: Visual Displays

Question 1

what is the whole different than the sum of its parts?

Answer 1

gestalt perception

Question 2

what is the result of the relation between stimuli rather than the stimuli themselves?

Answer 2

perception

Question 3

what are the six gestalt grouping principles?

Answer 3

proximity or nearness
similarity
uniform connectedness
good continuation
common fate or symmetry
closure

Question 4

what are the five pictorial perception?

Answer 4

depth
aerial perspective
shading and lighting
elevation
relative size

Question 5

what determines what we perceive when conflicting or simultaneous information occurs?

Answer 5

visual system

Question 6

what does the initial decision in display design aims to?

Answer 6

to use visual or auditory displays

Question 7

what are the ten types of visual displays?

Answer 7

check display
qualitative display
quantitative display
alphanumeric displays
symbolic display
digital displays
analog display
warning
caution
advisory

Question 8

what type of display indicates existence of a condition?

Answer 8

check display

Question 9

what type of display indicates status, approx. value, or trend of a changing value?

Answer 9

qualitative display

Question 10

what type of display indicates an exact numerical value that must be read or determined?

Answer 10

quantitative display

Question 11

what type of display used to convey detailed information?

Answer 11

alphanumeric display

Question 12

what is the width to height ratio of a black text on a white bavkground?

Answer 12

1:6 to 1:8

Question 13

what is the width to height ratio of a white text on a black background?

Answer 13

1:8 to 1:10

Question 14

what type of font is usually used for text?

Answer 14

serif fonts

Question 15

display density of alphanumeric display must be ____?

Answer 15

low as possible

Question 16

what type of display is extensively used for facilities?

Answer 16

symbolic display

Question 17

symbolic display must be _____, _____, and ____?

Answer 17

identifiable, simple, and symmetric

Question 18

what type of display convey exact numeric values well but is difficult to read when changing rapidly?

Answer 18

digital displays

Question 19

what is needed to determine the trends in digital display?

Answer 19

more effort

Question 20

what type of display convey spatial information and trends effectively?

Answer 20

analog displays

Question 21

what type of values does the analog display DO NOT provide?

Answer 21

precise values

Question 22

what type of display evoke immediate attention and requires immediate response?

Answer 22

warning/caution

Question 23

what type of display evokes general awareness of a marginal condition

Answer 23

advisory

Question 24

what are the principles enhance effectiveness of visual displays?

Answer 24

conspicuity
visibility
legibility
intelligibility
emphasis
standardization
maintainability

Question 25

what principle states that the visual display should attract attention and must be pocated where people are looking for prominence, novelty, and relevance?

Answer 25

conspicuity

Question 26

what principle states that the visual display must be visible under all expected viewing conditions?

Answer 26

visibility

Question 27

what principle states that the visual display must optimize contrast of characters to background, using font types that are easy to read?

Answer 27

legibility

Question 28

what principle states that the visual display must have few words as possible with no acronyms or abbreviations, telling the readers what exactly to do?

Answer 28

intelligibility

Question 29

what principle states that the visual display must include onlye important words with larger fonts and borderlines?

Answer 29

emphasis

Question 30

what principle states that the visual display must use standard words and symbols whenever they exist?

Answer 30

standardization

Question 31

what principle states that the visual display must be made of materials that resist aging, wear, and tear?

Answer 31

maintainability

Question 32

what are the six light/color signals?

Answer 32

white green yellow red flashing red blue

Question 33

what light or color signal indicate that certain functions are on?

Answer 33

white

Question 34

what light or color signal satisfactory conditions such as “Go ahead,” “Ready,” and “Power On.”?

Answer 34

green

Question 35

what light or color signal indicates a marginal condition exists, alertness is needed, caution must be exercised, checking is necessary, and unexpected delays exist?

Answer 35

yellow

Question 36

what light or color signal indicates stop, system is inoperative, corrective or overriding action is needed?

Answer 36

red

Question 37

what light or color signal indicates emergency that requires immediate action?

Answer 37

flashing red

Question 38

what light or color signal indicates no special meaning but is used in combination with flashing red light?

Answer 38

blue

Question 39

scales may be ____, ______, or ____?

Answer 39

straight, curved, or circular

Question 40

T OR F (Scales and Pointers) Graduation and numbers should be laid out such that correct readings can be taken quickly.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

T OR F (Scales and Pointers) Numbers should be located inside scale markings so that they are not obscured by the pointer.

Answer 41

False ❌ inside ✅ outside

Question 42

T OR F (Scales and Pointers) Numbers should increase from right to left, bottom to top, and clockwise.

Answer 42

False ❌right to left ✅left to right

Question 43

in coding, information may be coded by?

Answer 43

shapes shades lines and crosshatched patterns figures, pictures, or icons colors alphanumeric

Question 44

T OR F (Color Displays) Limit the number of colors in a display to five if users are inexperienced.

Answer 44

False ❌five ✅four

Question 45

T OR F (Color Displays) No more than 7 colors should be used.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

T OR F (Color Displays) Particular colors chosen should be discriminable from each other.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

T OR F (Color Combinations) Green, yellow, orange, red, and white colors are good combinations

Answer 47

true

Question 48

T OR F (Color Combinations) Blue, cyan, green, yellow, and red are a good color combination

Answer 48

false ❌red ✅white

Question 49

T OR F (Color Combinations) cyan, green, yellow, orange, and white are good color combinations

Answer 49

true

Question 50

T OR F (Color Combinations) avoid red with white

Answer 50

False ❌white ✅blues

Question 51

T OR F (Color Combinations) avoid reds with cyans

Answer 51

true

Question 52

T OR F (Color Combinations) avoid magentas with blues

Answer 52

true

Question 53

T OR F (Color Combinations) color of alphanumeric characters should contrast lightly with the background

Answer 53

false ❌lightly ✅sharply

Question 54

T OR F (Color Combinations) blue is good for backgrounds and large shapes

Answer 54

true

Question 55

T OR F (Color Combinations) red and green should not be used for small symbols and small shapes in peripheral areas of large displays

Answer 55

true

Question 56

orient displays within the normal viewing area with surfaces _________ to the line of sight

Answer 56

perpendicular

Question 57

group displays ______ or sequentially

Answer 57

functionally

Question 58

make sure that displays are properly _____, _______, and ______ according to their function

Answer 58

illuminated, coded, and labeled

Question 59

what are the reminders for labels?

Answer 59

1. should be oriented HORIZONTALLY 2. placed or near the item it identifies 3. concise and unambiguous 4. use familiar words 5. vigible and legible