Module 5.2: Auditory Displays

Question 1

where is sound created?

Answer 1

vibrations from some source

Question 2

the ______ of a physical sound is associated with the human sensation of ____

Answer 2

frequency, pitch

Question 3

sound intensity is associated with the human sensation of ___?

Answer 3

loudness

Question 4

frequency is expressed in?

Answer 4

hertz (Hz)

Question 5

Hz is equivalent to?

Answer 5

cycles per second

Question 6

what is the frequency of middle C in a piano keyboard?

Answer 6

256 Hz

Question 7

the human ear is sensitive to frequencies between ?

Answer 7

20 to 20,000 Hz

Question 8

how many Hz can an infant hear?

Answer 8

16 Hz to 20 KHz

Question 9

how many Hz can older people RARELY hear?

Answer 9

above 12 KHz

Question 10

how is sound intensity measured?

Answer 10

deibels (dB)

Question 11

this is based on the ratio between reference pressure level (Pr) and the pressure of interest (P)

Answer 11

decibels (dB)

Question 12

what is the sound intensity level of jet engine, explosion, thunder, riveter, and jack hammer?

Answer 12

deafining

Question 13

what is the sound intensity level of a busy street, duplicating machines, and manufacturing?

Answer 13

very loud

Question 14

what is the sound intensity level of street activities and typewriting?

Answer 14

loud

Question 15

what is the sound intensity level of a conversation, radio, and aircon?

Answer 15

moderate

Question 16

what is the sound intensity level of a soft background music at home?

Answer 16

faint

Question 17

what is the sound intensity level of a whisper in a soundproof room?

Answer 17

quiet

Question 18

auditory signals are composed of ?

Answer 18

single tones, sounds (mixture of tones), or spoken messages

Question 19

these may be continuous, periodic, or uneven at timings

Answer 19

tones and sounds

Question 20

what are some examples of tones and sounds?

Answer 20

horns
bells
sirens
whistles
buzzers
loudspeakers

Question 21

what are recommended for wualitative information such as indication of status or for warnings?

Answer 21

tonal signals

Question 22

what auditory display may be appropriate for all types of messages?

Answer 22

speech

Question 23

T OR F (Principles of Auditory Displays)

Avoid extreme auditory dimensions

Answer 23

True

Question 24

T OR F (Principles of Auditory Displays)

Do not establish intensity relative to ambient noise level

Answer 24

False
❌Do not
✅establish

Question 25

T OR F (Principles of Auditory Displays) use interrupted or variable signals

Answer 25

true

Question 26

T OR F (Principles of Auditory Displays) do not overload the auditory channel

Answer 26

true

Question 27

T OR F (Principles of Auditory Displays; Installation) Do not test signals to be used

Answer 27

false ❌do not ✅test

Question 28

T OR F (Principles of Auditory Displays; Installation) avoid conflict with previously used signals

Answer 28

true

Question 29

T OR F (Principles of Auditory Displays; Installation) facilitate changeover with new display

Answer 29

false ❌with new display ✅from previous display

Question 30

what decibel (dB) should tonal signals be louder than the ambient noise?

Answer 30

at least 10 dB

Question 31

what frequency differ from those that are dominant in the background noise?

Answer 31

signal frequencies

Question 32

what range should a signal frequency be?

Answer 32

within 200 and 5,000 Hz

Question 33

what is the best range of signal frequency?

Answer 33

500 and 1,500 Hz

Question 34

what range is advantageous if signal undulates (go up or down) or warbles?

Answer 34

500 to 1,000 Hz

Question 35

what range of frequency for travelling long distances i.e. more than 300m?

Answer 35

below 1,000 Hz

Question 36

what range of frequency when signals have to “bend around” major obstacles, partitions, or pass through sound barriers?

Answer 36

below 500 Hz

Question 37

T OR F (Warning and Alarm Signals) buzzers may have frequencies as low as 250 Hz

Answer 37

False ❌250 Hz ✅150 Hz

Question 38

T OR F (Warning and Alarm Signals) horns may have frequencies as high as 1,000 Hz

Answer 38

false ❌1,000 Hz ✅4,000 Hz

Question 39

in using modulated signals, how many beeps per second is required to demand attention?

Answer 39

1-8 beeps per second

Question 40

what signals should be used to represent different conditions?

Answer 40

discriminable warning signals

Question 41

T OR F (Warning and Alarm Signals) Where feasible, use a separate communication systems for warnings

Answer 41

true

Question 42

T OR F (Warning and Alarm Signals) the maximum duration for a tonal signal should be 100ms

Answer 42

false ❌maximum ✅minimum

Question 43

T OR F (Warning and Alarm Signals) temporal coding can be used for the pattern of the signals

Answer 43

true

Question 44

what are the 2 patterns of temporal coding?

Answer 44

rapid intermittent signal and fire alarm

Question 45

this should be used for high-priority messages

Answer 45

rapid intermittent

Question 46

a two short bursts, a long bursts, followed by a silent period

Answer 46

fire alarm

Question 47

verbal displays may be _____ or ____ generated speech

Answer 47

natural or artificially

Question 48

verbal messages may be _____, _____, or may consist of _____ speech

Answer 48

prerecorded, digitized, synthesized

Question 49

what must be considered within the specified environment when hsing a speech display?

Answer 49

intelligibility of speech

Question 50

ESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS what evokes a more emotional response than a light or a tone?

Answer 50

voice stimulus

Question 51

ESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS what effect can you experience if the voice is unpleasant or the message you want to hear is one that you do not want to hear?

Answer 51

irritating effect