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Medical Terminology > Module 9: Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

Module 9: Male Reproductive System Flashcards

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1
Q

bulbourethral glands

A

pair of exocrine glands near the male urethra. They secrete fluid into the urethra (aka Cowper glands)

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2
Q

ejaculation

A

ejection of sperm and fluid from the male urethra

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3
Q

ejaculatory duct

A

tube through which semen enters the male urethra

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4
Q

epididymis (plural: epudidymides)

A

one of a pair of long, tightly coiled tubes above each testis. It stores and carries sperm from seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens

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5
Q

erectile dysfunction

A

inability of an adult male to achieve an erection: impotence

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6
Q

flagellum

A

hair-like projection on a sperm cell that makes it motile (able to move)

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7
Q

fraternal twins

A

two infants resulting from fertilization of two separate ova by two separate sperm cells

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8
Q

glans penis

A

sensitive tip of the penis; comparable to the clitoris in the female

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9
Q

identical twins

A

two infants resulting from the division of one fertilized egg into two distinct embryos. Conjoined (Siamese) twins are incompletely separated identical twins

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10
Q

interstitial cells of the testes

A

specialized cells that lie adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testes. These cells produce testosterone and are also called Leydig cells

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11
Q

parenchymal tissue

A

essential distinctive cells of an organ. In the testis, the seminiferous tubules that produce sperm are parenchymal

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12
Q

penis

A

male external organ of reproduction

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13
Q

perineum

A

external region between the anus and scrotum in the male

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14
Q

prepuce

A

foreskin; fold of skin covering the tip of the penis

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15
Q

prostate gland

A

exocrine gland at the base of the male urinary bladder

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16
Q

What does the prostate gland secrete?

A

one of the fluid parts of semen into the urethra during ejaculation

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17
Q

scrotum

A

external sac that contains the testes

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18
Q

semen

A

spermatozoa (sperm cells) and seminal fluid (prostatic and seminal vesicle secretions), discharged from the urethra during ejaculation

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19
Q

seminal vesicles

A

paired sac-like exocrine glands that secrete fluid (a major component of semen) into the vas deferens

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20
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes

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21
Q

spermatozoon (plural: spermatozoa)

A

sperm cell

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22
Q

sterilization

A

a procedure that removes a person’s ability to produce or release reproductive cells; removal of testicles, vasectomy, and oophorectomy

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23
Q

stromal tissue

A

supportive, connective tissue of an organ, as distinguished from its parenchyma (aka stroma)

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24
Q

testis (plural: testes)

A

male gonad (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and the hormone testosterone

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25
testosterone
hormones secreted by the interstitial tissue of the tests; responsible for male sex characteristics
26
vas deferens
narrow tube (one on each side) carrying sperm from the epididymis toward the urethra (aka ductus deferens)
27
Sterilization vs. Impotence
A procedure that can be performed on both men and women vs. the inability of a male to sustain an erection or achieve ejaculation
28
andr/o
male
29
androgen
male hormone
30
balan/o
glans penis
31
cry/o
cold
32
crypt/o
hidden
33
cryptorchidism
in this congenital condition, one or both testicles do not descend, by the time of birth, into the scrotal sac from the abdominal cavity
34
epididym/o
epididymis
35
gon/o
seed
36
hydr/o
water, fluid
37
gonorrhea
sexually transmitted disease infection involving the inflammation of the genital tract mucous membranes
38
orch/o, orch/i, orchid/o
testis, testicles
39
pen/o
penis
40
prostat/o
prostate gland
41
semin/i
semen, seed
42
sperm/o, spermat/o
spermatozoa, semen
43
terat/o
monster
44
teratoma
malignant tumor of a testes
44
varic/o
varicose veins
45
test/o
testis, testicles
46
vas/o
vessel, duct; vas deferens
47
zo/o
animal life
48
-gensis
formation
49
-one
hormone
50
-pexy
fixation, put in place
51
-stomy
new opening
52
carcinoma of the tests (testicular cancer)
malignant tumor of the testicles
53
azoospermia
semen without sperm cells
54
aspermia
no semen at all
55
cryptorchidism; cryptorchism
undescended testicles
56
hydrocele
sac of clear fluid in the scrotum
57
tsticular torsion
twisting of the spermatic cord
58
variocele
enlarged, dilated veins near the testicles
59
What does BPH stand for?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
60
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
benign growth of cells within the prostate gland
61
What does TURP stand for?
transurethral resection of the prostate
62
carcinoma of the prostate (prostate cancer)
malignant tumor (adenocarcinoma) of the prostate gland
63
What does DRE stand for)
Digital Rectal Examination
64
What does PSA test stand for?
Prostate-Specific Antigen Test
65
What does TRUS stand for?
Transrectal Ultrasound
66
Hypospadias
congenital abnormality in which the male urethral opening is on the undersurface of the penis, instead of at its tip
67
phimosis
narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce over the glans penis
68
phim/o
muzzle
69
What does STDs stand for?
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
70
What does STIs stand for?
Sexually Transmitted Infections
71
chlamydial infection
bacterial invasion of the urethra and reproductive tract
72
gonorrhea
inflammation of the genital tract mucosa, caused by infection with gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria)
73
purulent
pus-filled
74
herpes genitalis
infection of skin and genital mucosa, caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV)
75
What does HSV stand for?
Herpes Simplex Virus
76
human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
infection of the skin and mucous membranes in the anogenital region by the human papillomavirus
77
What does HPV stand for?
Human Papillomavirus
78
syphilis
Chronic STD caused by a spirochete (spiral-shaped bacterium)
79
Chancre
hard ulcer or sore
80
PSA test
Measurement of levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood
81
What does PSA stand for?
Prostate-Specific Antigen
82
semen analysis
microscopic examination of ejaculated fluid
83
castration
surgical excision of testicles or ovaries
84
circumcision
surgical procedure to remove the prepuce of the penis
85
digital rectal examination (DRE)
Finger palpation through the anal canal and rectum to examine the prostate gland
86
What does DRE stand for?
Digital Rectal Examination
87
Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate (GreenLight PVP)
removal of tissue to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using a green light laser (laser TURP)
88
transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra
89
What does TURP stand for?
Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
90
vasectomy
bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vase deferens
91
ligation
tying and binding off
92
What does ED stand for?
Erectile Dysfunction
93
What does GU stand for?
Genitourinary
94
What does NSU stand for?
Nonspecific urethritis (not due to gonorrhea or chlamydial infection)
95
What does PID stand for?
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
96
What does PVP stand for?
Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate; GreenLight PVP
97
What does RPR stand for?
Rapid Plasma Reagin test; a test for syphilis
98
What does TRUS stand for?
Transrectal Ultrasound examination; test to assess the prostate and guide precise placement of a biopsy needle
99
What does TUIP stand for?
Transurethral Incision of the Prostate; successful in less enlarged prostates and less invasive than TURP
100
What does TUMT stand for?
Transurethral Microwave Thermotherapy
101
What does TUNA stand for?
Transurethral Needle Ablation; radiofrequency energy destroys prostate tissue
102
Gleason Score
based on the microscopic appearance of the prostate biopsy specimen; cancers with a higher Gleason score are more aggressive and carry a worse prognosis
103
What is the passage of sperm?
Sperm are formed in the seminiferous tubules (testes), epididymis, vas deferens (seminal vesicles), ejaculatory duct, urethra (prostate and bulbourethral glands), which passes through the penis, and then sperm leaves the body
104
Seminoma
A type of testicular cancer that arises from embryonic cells in the seminiferous tubules in the testes
105
An adjective that means pertaining to the male gonad is called what?
Testicular
106
A minimally invasive procedure that may be used instead of TURP for the treatment of BPH?
GreenLight PVP
107
What is the reverse procedure to a vasectomy?
Vasovasostomy
108
What is the abbreviation test for syphilis?
RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin)
109
The gland that secretes fluid into the ejaculatory duct is called what?
Seminal vesicle
110
Seminiferous
A narrow, coiled tubule that produces sperm in a testis
111
Peyronie diease
A disorder in which a painful, curved erection results from repeated injury

Medical Terminology (18 decks)

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