Module 9 Part 2 Epiglottitis Supraglottitis – Medical Emergency

Question 1

What are the probable organisms responsible for epiglottitis in adults?

Answer 1

Epiglottitis in adults is typically caused by Group A Strep, S. pneumoniae, and H. influenzae type B (rare).

Question 2

What are the probable organisms responsible for epiglottitis in children?

Answer 2

Epiglottitis in children is commonly caused by S. aureus, Group A Strep, H. influenzae type B (rare), and S. pneumoniae.

Question 3

What are the first-line antibiotics for treating epiglottitis?

Answer 3

First-line antibiotics include Cefotaxime IV, Ceftriaxone IV, and Cefuroxime IV, with different dosing regimens for adults and children.

Question 4

When should you consider using levofloxacin as a second-line antibiotic for epiglottitis, and what factors should be considered?

Answer 4

Levofloxacin may be considered as a second-line antibiotic when there is a potential serious allergy to cephalosporins. The use of levofloxacin should be carefully weighed against the life-threatening nature of the condition.

Question 5

What supportive measures and interventions are important when managing epiglottitis?

Answer 5

Airway management is a priority. Consider factors like stridor, muffled voice, rapid clinical course, and diabetes mellitus. Use corticosteroids, humidified oxygen, and racemic epinephrine when necessary.

Question 6

What measures can be taken for prophylaxis in close contacts of individuals with epiglottitis?

Answer 6

Consider prophylaxis with rifampin for close contacts of individuals with epiglottitis.