MSK pathology- achilles tendonitis Flashcards
anatomy, definition, etiology, s/s, tx according to CPG (22 cards)
what type of disorder is achilles tendonitis?
a repetitive overuse disorder
what does achilles tendonitis structurally result in damage wise?
microscopic tears of collagen fibers on the surface or in the substance of the achilles tendon that can be acute or chronic in nature
achilles tendonitis results in microscopic tears of __ fibers on the __ or in the __ of the achilles tendon
collagen; surface; substance
where on the achilles tendon is most often impacted by achilles tendonitis?
in an avascular zone 2-6 cm or 0.8-2.3 in above the achilles tendon insertion
the achilles tendon is most often impacted by achilles tendonitis in an __ zone __-__ cm or __-__ in above the achilles tendon __
avascular; 2-6 cm; 0.8-2.3 in; insertion
what is repetitive overload of the achilles tendon often caused by?
changes in training intensity or faulty training technique
changes in training intensity or faulty training technique often causes..
repetitive overload of the achilles tendon
what impairments (3) put an individual at increased risk for achilles tendonitis?
limited gastroc/soleus complex flexibility and strength
pronated or cavus foot
what activities (4) are frequently associated with achilles tendonitis?
running
basketball
gymnastics
dancing
a history of achilles tendonitis increases the likelihood for what other condition occurring later in life?
achilles tendon rupture
what are the signs and symptoms (6) of achilles tendonitis?
aching or burning in the posterior heel
tenderness of the achilles tendon
pain with increased activity
swelling and thickening in the tendon area
muscle weakness due to pain
morning stiffness
initial treatment for achilles tendonitis includes what (5), as needed?
rest
ice
compression
elevation
NSAIDs/analgesics
what modality may be warranted for initial treatment of achilles tendonitis?
iontophoresis with dexamethosone
later on in treatment, what type of shoe modification and training can be used to limit the amount of tensile loading through the achilles tendon?
heel lift
cross training
methods (4) of achilles tendonitis prevention include..
heel cord stretching exercises
use of appropriate soft-soled footwear
eccentric gastroc soleus complex strengthening
avoiding sudden changes in training program intensity
according to the achilles tendonitis cpg, what type of exercise program and modality should be used as treatment?
mechanical loading of tendon in the form of:
eccentric exercise or heavy load, slow-speed (concentric/eccentric) exercise program
iontophoresis with dexamethosone
according to the achilles tendonitis cpg, what type of exercise, manual therapy and other taping technique may be used as treatment?
exercise:
stretching of PF with knee flexed and extended
neuromuscular exercises targeting LE impairments that may lead to abnormal kinetics/kinematics
manual therapy:
joint and soft tissue mobilization
taping:
rigid taping to decrease strain on achilles tendon and/or alter foot posture
according to the achilles tendonitis cpg, what treatment techniques should avoided?
complete rest
night splints
elastic taping
what does thickening of the achilles tendon result from?
scar tissue build up
when examination reveals a thickened and nodular achilles tendon, what type of intervention may be warranted?
surgical intervention
in the acute stage of achilles tendonitis, a patient should..
rest for 2-3 weeks
utilize anti-inflammatory medications as needed
use a heel lift
symptoms and pain lasting beyond _ weeks is considered chronic achilles tendonitis
6
