Muscle origins, actions and insertions - Thoracic limb Flashcards by Isabelle Withrock

Superficial pectoral muscle

Origin: Sternum

Insertion: Greater tubercle & cranial hmeral border

Action: Adduct thoracic limb

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Deep pectoral muscle

Origin: Sternum

Insertion: Greater and lesser tubercles

Action: Adduct thoracic limb and flex shoulder joint

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Brachiocephalicus (Cleidobrachialis, Cleidocephalicus)

Origin: Clavicular Intersection

Insertion: Cleidobrachialis - distal cranial humerus

Cleidocephalicus :
pars mastoidea - mastoid process

pars cervicalis - dorsal mid-line of the neck

Action: Pull thoracic limb cranially, dpress head pull head and neck laterally

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Sternocephalicus

Origin: Sternum

Insertion: Mastoid part of temporal bone, occipital bone

Action: Depress head, Draw the head and neck to the side

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Sternohyoideus

Origin: Sternum

Insertion: Basihyoid bone

Action: Pull the tongue and larynx caudally

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Sternothyroideus

Origin: Cranial aspect of sternum (manubrium)

Insertion: thyroid cartilage

Action: Draw the tongue and larynx caudally

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Omotransversarius

Origin: wing of the atlas

Insertion: distal spine of scapula

Action: Pull limb cranially or flex the neck laterally

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What is the supraspinous ligament?

Connects dorsal aspects of vertebral spines

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What is the nuchal ligament?

Extends from the spine of the first thoracic to the spine of the axis

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Trapezius

Origin: Dorsal neck (cervical) 
Dorsal thoracic (thoracic)

Insertion: Spine of the scapula

Action: Elevate the forelimb

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Rhomboideus

Origin:
Capitis - Nuchal crest

Cervicis - Dorsal neck

Thoracis - Dorsal thorax

Insertion: Dorsal border of scapula

Action: Elevate the forelimb

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Latissimus dorsi

Origin: thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion: Teres major tuberosity

Action: Draw the limb caudally, flex or extend the humeral joint

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Serratus ventralis (cervicis, thoracis)

Origin:
Cervicis - cervical vertebrae

Thoracis - thoracic wall (ribs)

Insertion: Serrated face of scapula

Action: Support/elevate the trunk

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Deltoideus

Origin: The spine of the scapula and acromion

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity

Action: Flex the humeral joint

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Infraspinatus

Origin: Infraspinous fossa

Insertion: greater tubercle

Action: Flex humeral joint, abduct limb at humeral joint, lateral collateral ligament for scapula

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Teres minor (ID only)

Origin: caudal border of the scapula

Insertion: Teres minor tuberosity

Action: Flex shoulder joint, rotate shoulder laterally, prevent medial rotation when weight bearing

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Supraspinatus

Origin: Supraspinous fossa

Insertion: Greater tubercle

Action: Extend humeral joint

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Subscapularis

Origin: Subscapular fossa

Insertion: Lesser tubercle

Action: Adduct limb at humeral joint, medial collateral ligament

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Teres major

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Origin: caudal border of the scapula

Insertion: Teres major tuberosity

Action: Flex humeral joint

Coracobrachialis

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Origin: Coracoid process of the scapula

Insertion: Crest of the lesser tubercle

Action: Stabilize humeral joint medially

Tensor fasciae antebrachii

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Origin: Fascia covering the lateral side of the latissimus dorsi

Insertion: Olecranon

Action: Extends the elbow

Triceps brachii - long head

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Origin: Caudal border of the scapula

Insertion: Olecranon tuber

Action: Extends the cubital joint, flex the humeral joint

Triceps brachii - lateral head

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Origin: Proximal hmerus

Insertion: Olecranon tuber

Action: Extend the elbow

Triceps brachii - accessory head

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Origin: Proximal humerus

Insertion: Olecranon tuber

Action: Extends the elbow

Triceps brachii - medial head

Origin: Proximal humerus Insertion: Olecranon Action: Extend the elbow

Aconeous (ID only)

Origin: Lateral suprachondylar crest Insertion: olecranon tuber Action: Extend the elbow

Biceps brachii

Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle Insertion: Ulnar and radial tuberosities Action: Flex the cbital joint, extend the humeral joint

Brachialis

Origin: Brachialis groove Insertion: Proximal radius/ulna Action: Flex the cubital joint

Extensor carpi radialis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: dorsal base of metacarpals II and III Action: Extend the carpal joints

Common digital extensor

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: Extensor processes of distal phalanges Action: Extend carpal and digital joints

Lateral digital extensor

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: distal phalanges phalanges III, IV, and V Action: Extend carpal and digital joints and digits III, IV, V

Ulnaris Lateralis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: accessory carpal bone and base of 5th metacarpal bone Action: Flex carpal joints, abduct manus

Abductor digiti I longus (ID only)

Origin: Body of Ulna Insertion: Proximal end of metacarpal I Action: Abduct the first digit, extend carpal joints

Pronator teres

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Medial border of radius Action: Weak pronation of manus, weak flexion of cubital joint

Supinator (ID only)

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Body of radius Action: Supination of manus

Flexor carpi radialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Palmar base of metacarpals II and III Action: Flex the carpal joints

Superficial digital flexor

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Middle phalanges of the digits Action: Flex carpal joints, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints

Flexor carpi ulnaris - both heads

Origin: Medial epicondyle and olecranon Insertion: Accessory carpal bone Action: Flex carpal joints

Deep digital flexor - Humeral head

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Flexor tubercles of distal phalanges Action: Flex the carpal and digital joints

Deep digital flexor - Ulnar head

Origin: caudal border of ulna Insertion: Flexor tubercles of distal phalanges Action: Flex the carpal and digital joints

Deep digital flexor - radial head

Origin: medial border of the radius Insertion: Flexor tubercles on distal phalanges Action: Flex the carpal and digital joints

Pronator quadratus

Origin and insertion: Apposed surfaces of the radius and ulna Action: pronate the manus

Interossei

Origin: Palmar base of (respective) metacarpal Insertion: Palmar base of (respective) proximal phalanx and tendon of common DE Action: Flex and support metacarpophalangeal joint

Tensor fasiae antbrachii

Origin: Lattissimus dorsi and associated fascia Insertion: Olecranon tuber Action: Extend cubital joint and tense deep antebrachial fascia

Brachioradialis

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: fascia near the carpus Action: Flex cubital joint, supinate the manus

Muscle origins, actions and insertions - Thoracic limb Flashcards

(45 cards)