Musculo-skeletal System

Question 1

Red bone marrow is located in..

Answer 1

spaces in Spongy bone

Question 2

Red bone marrow produces…

Answer 2

red blood cells

Question 3

Trabeculae are located in..

Answer 3

Spongy bone

Question 4

Define: Trabeculae

Answer 4

a small irrelgular shaped pieces of bone in Spongy bone

Question 5

Compact bone contains repeated units of…

Answer 5

osteons that serve to make the bone weight bearing

Question 6

Define: Diaphysis

Answer 6

is the shaft of a long bone

Question 7

The Epiphysis of long bones consist mostly of

Answer 7

Spongy bone

Question 8

Define the Function: Osteoclast

Answer 8

cell responsible for bone resorption

Question 9

Compact bone is arranged in..

Answer 9

Osteons

Question 10

What is the name of the structure within a long bone that forms once bone growth has ceased?

Answer 10

Epiphyseal line

Question 11

What is the structural unit of compact bone

Answer 11

Osteon

Question 12

Define the Function: Articular cartilage (synovial joint)

Answer 12

provides a smooth surface for articulation

Question 13

The lacunae of bone contains…

Answer 13

Osteocytes

Question 14

Define the Function: Osteocytes

Answer 14

cells that monitor and maintain the bone matrix

Question 15

Name the bones of the Axial skeleton

Answer 15

Skull
Vertebral column
Rib cage

Question 16

Name the bones of the Appendicular skeleton

Answer 16

Upper limbs
Pectoral girdle
Lower limbs
Pelvic girdle

Question 17

What are the 4 classifications of bones

Answer 17

Long bone
Flat bone
Irregular bone
Short bone

Question 18

Name the functions of the Skeletal system

Answer 18

• Support
• Protection
• Movement
• Mineral growth
• Blood cell formation

Question 19

What is the top and bottom of a bone referred to as

Answer 19

Epiphysis

Question 20

What is the middle section of a bone referred to as

Answer 20

Diaphysis

Question 21

What are the 5 major bone cells

Answer 21

• Osteogenic cells
• Osteoblasts
• Osteocytes
• Osteoclasts
• Bone lining cells

Question 22

Define: Osteogenic cells

Answer 22

stem cells

Question 23

Define: Osteoblasts

Answer 23

bone forming cells

Question 24

Define: Osteocytes

Answer 24

bone maintenance cells

Question 25

Define: Osetoclasts

Answer 25

bone resorption cells

Question 26

What are the 5 parts of an Osteon

Answer 26

- osteon - Lamella - Central canal - Lacunae - Canaliculi

Question 27

Parts of an osteon are referred to as

Answer 27

Haversian system

Question 28

Parts of an osteon Explain: Lamella

Answer 28

layers of bone matrix

Question 29

Parts of an osteon Explain: Central Canal

Answer 29

Haversian canal; hollow channel running through centre of an osteon, contains blood vessels and nerve

Question 30

Parts of an osteon Explain: Lacunae

Answer 30

small cavities located between lamellae that contain an osteocyte

Question 31

Parts of an Osteon Explain: Canaliculi

Answer 31

fine hairlike canals projecting from lacunae to connect neighbouring lacunae

Question 32

What minerals contribute to bone's hardness

Answer 32

Calcium phosphate

Question 33

What are the 3 structural classifications of Joints

Answer 33

Fibrous Cartilagenous Synovial

Question 34

Explain: Fibrous joints

Answer 34

- held together by fibrous connective tissue - NO joint cavity - immovable joint

Question 35

Give an example: Fibrous joint

Answer 35

skull

Question 36

Explain: Cartilagenous joints

Answer 36

- held together by cartilage - NO joint cavity - no/limited movement

Question 37

Give an example: Cartilagenous joint

Answer 37

Intervertebral disc and pubic symphysis

Question 38

Explain: Synovial joint

Answer 38

- ends of bone covered with smooth articular cartialge | - joint cavity filled with synovial fluid

Question 39

Give an example: Synovial joint

Answer 39

joints in limbs

Question 40

Define: Synovial membrane

Answer 40

inner lining of articular capsule | - secretes synovial fluid

Question 41

Define: Articular Capsule

Answer 41

dense connective tissue that strengthens the joint so bones do not pull apart

Question 42

Which structure is primarily responsible for the bone to grow in length until early childhood

Answer 42

Epiphyseal plate