Flashcards in Neck and Prevertebral Muscles Deck (73):
1
what muscles form the boundary of the posterior cervical triangle
trapezius
sternocleidomastoid
platysma
2
sternocleidomastoid
-origin
sternal head
-anterior surface of manubrium
clavicular head
-superior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle
3
sternocleidomastoid
-insertion
lateral surface of mastoid process
lateral 1/2 of superior nuchal line
4
sternocleidomastoid
-actions
alone
-laterally flexes neck
-rotates head superiorly and to contralateral side
bilaterally
-neck flexion
5
sternocleidomastoid
-innervation
spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
cervical nerves C2, C3 (may be primarily sensory for proprioceptive information and are from ventral rami)
6
platysma
-origin
fascia and skin over pec major and deltoid
7
platysma
-insertion
inferior border of mandible
skin of lower face
8
platysma
-actions
tenses skin of neck
draws corner of mouth inferiorly
assists in depressing mandible
9
platysma
-innervation
cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
10
what muscles form the floor of the posterior cervical triangle
splenius capatis
levator scapulae
posterior scalene
middle scalene
anterior scalene
11
posterior scalene
-origin
posterior tubercles of transverse processes C4-C6
12
posterior scalene
-insertion
external border of second rib
13
posterior scalene
-actions
flexes neck laterally
elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration
14
posterior scalene
-innervation
ventral rami of C7, C8
15
middle scalene
-origin
posterior tubercles of transverse process C2-C7
16
middle scalene
-insertion
superior surface of first rib, posterior to groove of subclavian artery
17
middle scalene
-actions
flexes neck laterally
elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration
18
middle scalene
-innervation
ventral rami of C3-C8
19
anterior scalene (hidden behind SCM)
-origin
anterior tubercles of transverse processes C3-C6
20
anterior scalene
-insertion
scalene tubercle of inner border of 1st rib and near groove of subclavian artery
21
anterior scalene
-actions
flexes neck forward and laterally
laterally rotates neck to contralateral side
elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration
22
anterior scalene
-innervation
ventral rami of C4-C6
23
what are the suprahyoid muscles
mylohyoid
geniogyoid
stylohyoid
digastric
24
mylohyoid
-origin
mylohyoid line of mandible
25
mylohyoid
-insertion
midline raphe and body of hyoid bone
26
mylohyoid
-actions
elevates hyoid bone, floor of mouth and tongue during swallowing and speaking
27
mylohyoid
-innervation
nerve to mylohyoid
-branch of inferior alveolar nerve (CN V3)
28
geniohyoid
-origin
inferior mental spine of mandible
29
geniohyoid
-insertion
body of hyoid
30
geniohyoid
-actions
pulls hyoid bone anterosuperiorly, shortening floor of mouth and widening pharynx
31
geniohyoid
-innervation
C1 via hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
32
stylohyoid
-origin
styloid process of temporal bone
33
stylohyoid
-insertion
body of hyoid
34
stylohyoid
-action
elevates and retracts hyoid bone, elongating floor of mouth
35
stylohyoid
-innervation
cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
36
digastric
-origin
anterior belly
-digastric fossa of mandible
posterior belly
-mastoid notch of temporal bone
37
digastric
-insertion
intermediate tendon to body and greater horn of hyoid bone
38
digastric
-action
depresses mandible
raises hyoid bone and steadies it during swallowing and speaking
39
digastric
-innervation
anterior belly
-nerve to mylohyoid (branch of inferior alveloar nerve (CN V3))
posterior belly
-cervical branch of facial nerve (CN VII)
40
muscles of the prevertebral region
longus colli (longus cervicis)
longus capitis
rectus capitis anterior
rectus capitis lateralis
41
longus colli (longus cervicis)
-origin
bodies of T1-T3
transverse process of C3-C6
42
longus colli (longus cervicis)
-insertion
anterior tubercle of C1
bodies of C2,C3
43
longus colli (longus cervicis)
-action
flexes neck forward
upper fibers laterally flex the neck
lower fibers rotate neck to opposite side
44
longus colli (longus cervicis)
-innervation
ventral rami of C2-C6
45
longus capitis
-origin
anterior tubercles of transverse process of vertebrae C3-C6
46
longus capitis
-insertion
anterior and inferior surface of occipital bone
47
longus capitis
-action
flexes neck and head
48
longus capitis
-innervation
ventral rami of C1-C2
49
rectus capitis anterior
-origin
anterior surface of lateral mass of atlas and transverse process
50
rectus capitis anterior
-insertion
inferior surface of occipital bone, anterior to occipital condyle
51
rectus capitis anterior
-action
flexes head at AO joint?
these small muscles in addition to suboccipital muscles probably act at AA and AO as stabilizers rather than prime movers
52
rectus capitis anterior
-innervation
ventral rami of C1-C2
53
rectus capitis lateralis
-origin
upper surface of the transverse process of atlas
54
rectus capitis lateralis
-insertion
inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone
55
rectus capitis lateralis
-action
flexes head laterally?
these small muscles in addition to suboccipital muscles probably act at AA and AO as stabilizers rather than prime movers
56
rectus capitis lateralis
-innervation
ventral rami of C1-C2
57
infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles)
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
omohyoid
58
sternohyoid
-origin
manubrium of sternum and medial end of clavicle
59
sternohyoid
-insertion
body of hyoid bone
60
sternohyoid
-action
depresses hyoid bone after it has been elevated for swallowing
61
sternohyoid
-innervation
C1-C3 from ansa cervicalis
62
sternothyroid
-origin
posterior surface of manubrium of sternum
63
sternothyroid
-insertion
oblique line of thyroid cartilage
64
sternothyroid
-action
depresses hyoid bone and larynx
65
sternothyroid
-innervation
C2, C3 from ansa cervicalis
66
thyrohyoid
-origin
oblique line of thyroid cartilage
67
thyrohyoid
-insertion
inferior border of body and greater horn of hyoid bone
68
thyrohyoid
-action
depresses hyoid bone
elevates larynx
69
thyrohyoid
-innervation
C1 vya hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
70
omohyoid
-origin
superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch
71
omohyoid
-insertion
inferior border of hyoid bone
72
omohyoid
-action
depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid bone
73