tensor fascia latae
-origin
anterior part of iliac crest
iliac tubercle
ASIS
deep surface of fascia lata
tensor fascia latae
-insertion
iliobitial tract of fascia lata
-attaches to lateral condyle of tibia
tensor fascia latae
-actions
thigh -flexion -medial rotation (internal) -abduction tenses fascia lata may assist in knee extension steadies trunk on thigh
tensor fascia latae
-innervation
superior gluteal nerve
-dorsal divisional of L4, L5, S1
gluteus maximus
-origin
external surface -ala of ilium - posterior to posterior gluteal line -iliac crest dorsal surface of sacrum coccyx sacrotuberous ligament
gluteus maximus
-insertion
iliotibial tract (which inserts in lateral condyle of tibia) gluteal tuberosity of femur
gluteus maximus
-actions
thigh -extension (more in forced movements such as climbing and running) lateral rotation steadies thigh flexion (during sitting) extends pelvis when thigh fixed
gluteus maximus
-innervation
inferior gluteal nerve
-dorsal divisions of L5, S1, S2
gluteus medius
-origin
external surface of ilium
-between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
gluteus medius
-insertion
lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
gluteus medius
-actions
abduction of thigh
medial rotation of thigh (anterior fibers)
lateral rotation of thigh (posterior fibers)
steadies pelvis (tilts) to same side during locomotion, allowing opposite side foot to clear ground
-fixing of femur and abduction tilts the pelvis
gluteus medius
-innervation
superior gluteal nerve
-dorsal divisions of L4, L5, S1
gluteus minimus
-origin
external surface of ilium
-between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
gluteus minimus
-insertion
anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
gluteus minimus
-actions
abduction of thigh
medial rotation of thigh
steadies pelvis (same as G. medius)
gluteus minimus
-innervation
superior gluteal nerve
-dorsal divisions of L4, L5, S1
piriformis
-origin
anterior surface of sacrum (within the pelvis)
superior margin of greater sciatic notch
sacrotuberous ligament
piriformis
-insertion
superior border of the greater trochanter
-leaves pelvis minor through greater sciatic foramen
piriformis
-actions
rotates thigh (extended) laterally
abducts (flexed) thigh
assist in holding the head of the femur in the acetabulum
piriformis
-innervation
dorsal division branches of ventral rami of S1 and S2
obturator internus
-origin
pelvic surfaces of ilium and ischium
internal surface of obturator membrane
obturator internus
-insertion
medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
obturator internus
-actions
laterally rotates extended thigh
abducts flexed thigh
assists in holding head of femur in acetabulum
obturator internus
-innnervation
nerve to obturator internus (ventral divisions of L5, S1
obturator externus
-origin
rami of pubis and ischium
external surface of obturator membrane
obturator externus
-insertion
trochanteric fossa of femur
obturator externus
-actions
laterally rotates extended thigh
steadies head of femur in acetabulum
obturator externus
-innervation
obturator nerve (L3, L4)
gemellus superior, inferior
-origin
superior
-ischial spine
inferior
-ischial tuberosity
gemellus superior, inferior
-insertion
medial surface of greater trochanter
-common tendon with obturator internus
gemellus superior, inferior
-actions
same as obturator internus
-laterally rotates extended thigh
abducts flexed thigh
assists in holding head of femur in acetabulum
gemellus superior, inferior
-innervation
superior
-nerve to obturator internus (ventral divisions of L5, S1)
inferior
-nerve to quadratus femoris (ventral divisions of L5, S1)
quadratus femoris
-origin
lateral border of ischial tuberosity
-inferior to gemellus inferior
quadratus femoris
-insertion
on and inferior to quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest
quadratus femoris
-actions
laterally rotates thigh
steadies femoral head in acetabulum
quadratus femoris
-innervation
nerve to quadratus femoris (ventral divisions of L5, S1)
iliopsoas (psoas major, iliacus)
-origin
p. major
-transverse process of lumbar vertebrae, sides of bodies of T12-L5 (including discs)
iliacus
-superior 2/3 of iliac fossa
-ala of sacrum
-anterior sacroiliac ligament
iliopsoas (psoas major, iliacus)
-insertion
p. major
-strong tendon into lesser trochanter
iliacus
-tendon of psoas
-lesser trochanter
-shaft of femur inferior to lesser trochanter
iliopsoas (psoas major, iliacus)
-actions
with vertebral column fixed (acting superiorly)
-both flex thigh
with thigh fixed (acting inferiorly)
-lateral flexion of vertebral column
acting inferiorly with other side and iliacus
-flexes trunk
balances trunk when sitting
iliopsoas (psoas major, iliacus)
-innervation
p. major
-lumbar plexus (ventral rami L1-3(4)
iliacus
-femoral nerve L2-L4
sartorius
-origin
ASIS
superior part of notch inferior
sartorius
-insertion
superior part of medial surface of tibia
sartorius
-actions
thigh -flexion -abduction -lateral rotation knee -flexion
sartorius
-innervation
femoral nerve L2-L4
Quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris; vastus lateralis, intermedius & medialis) -origin
R. femoris -AIIS -groove superior to acetabulum V. lateralis -greater trochanter -lateral lip of linea aspera V. intermedius -anterior and lateral surfaces of body of femur V. medialis -intertrochanteric line -medial lip of linea aspera -spiral lines
Quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris; vastus lateralis, intermedius & medialis) -insertion
base of patella
via patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris; vastus lateralis, intermedius & medialis) -actions
extends leg at knee
R. femoris
-steadies hip joint
-helps iliopsoas flex thigh
Quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris; vastus lateralis, intermedius & medialis) -innervation
femoral nerve L2-4
pectineus
-origin
pectineal line of the pubis
pectineus
-inseriton
pectineal line of femur
pectineus
-actions
thigh adduction at hip
thigh flexion at hip
pectineus
-innervation
femoral nerve L2-4
may also receive obturator nerve L2-4
adductor longus
-origin
body of pubis inferior to pubic crest
adductor longus
-insertion
middle 1/3 of linea aspera
adductor longus
-actions
adducts thigh
adductor longus
-innervation
obturator nerve L2-4
adductor brevis
-origin
body and inferior ramus of pubic bone
adductor brevis
-insertion
pectineal line of femur
proximal part of linea aspera
adductor brevis
-actions
thigh adduction
thigh flexion
adductor brevis
-innervation
obturator nerve L2-4
adductor magnus
-origin
adductor part -inferior ramus of pubic bone -ramus of ischium hamstring part -ischial tuberosity
adductor magnus
-insertion
adductor part -gluteal tuberosity -linea aspera -medial supracondylar line hamstring part -adductor tubercle of femur
adductor magnus
-actions
adductor part -adducts thigh -flexes thigh hamstring part -extends thigh -adducts thigh
adductor magnus
-innervation
adductor part
-obturator nerve L2-L4
hamstring part
-tibial portion of sciatic nerve L4 (L5-S1)
gracilis
-origin
body and inferior ramus of pubic bone
gracilis
-insertion
superior part of medial surface of tibia
gracilis
-actions
thigh adduction
flexes leg
medial rotation of leg
gracilis
-innervation
obturator nerve L2-4
semitendinosus
-origin
ischial tuberosity
semitendinosus
-insertion
medial surface of superior part of tibia
semitendinosus
-action
thigh extension leg flexion leg medial rotation when thigh and leg fixes -can extend trunk
semitendinosus
-innervation
tibial division of sciatic nerve L5-S2
Semimembranosus
-origin
common origin on ischial tuberosity with semitendinosus and long head of biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
-insertion
posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
oblique popliteal ligament
Semimembranosus
-actions
same as semitendinosus
- thigh extension
- leg flexion
- leg medial rotation
- can extend truck when thigh and leg fixed
Semimembranosus
-innervation
tibial division of sciatic nerve L5-S2
biceps femoris (long head, short head) -origin
long head
-ischial tuberosity
short head
-lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line
biceps femoris (long head, short head) -insertion
lateral side of head of fibula
tendon is split by lateral collateral ligament
biceps femoris (long head, short head) -action
leg flexion
leg lateral rotation
extends thigh at beginning of walking
biceps femoris (long head, short head) -innervation
long head
-tibial division of sciatic nerve L5-S2
short head
-common peroneal division of sciatic nerve L5-S2
superior gluteal nerve
- nerve roots
- muscles innervated
roots -L4, L5, S1 dorsal divisions muslces -TFL -gluteus medius -gluteus minimus
inferior gluteal nerve
- nerve roots
- muscles innervated
roots
-L5, S1, S2 dorsal divisions
muscles
-gluteus maximus
femoral nerve
- nerve roots
- muscles innervated
roots -L2-4 dorsal divisions muscles -iliacus -sartorius -quadriceps femoris -pectineus
obturator nerve
- nerve roots
- muscles innervated
roots -L2-4 ventral divisions muscles -pectineus (possibly) -all three adductor muscles (except hamstring part of magnus) -gracilis
tibial division of sciatic nerve
- nerve roots
- muscles innervated
roots -L5-S2 ventral divisions muscles -semi T -semi M -biceps femoris long head
common peroneal division of sciatic nerve
- nerve roots
- muscles innervated
roots
-L5-S2 dorsal divisions
muscles
-biceps femoris short head
which muscles have their own innervation?
what are the innervations?
piriformis -S1, S2 dorsal divisions obt. int. and gem. sup. -L5, S1 ventral divisions (nerve to obt. int.) quad. fem. and gem. inf. -L5, S1 ventral divisions (nerve to quad. fem.) obturator externus -L3, L4 (obturator nerve) psoas major -L1-3(4) ventral rami
