Nervous system

Question 1

What are the 2 parts of the nervous system?

Answer 1

CNS and PNS

Question 2

what are the 3 parts of the brain?

Answer 2

forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain

Question 3

what does the CNS consist of?

Answer 3

brain and spinal cord

Question 4

what does the PNS consist of?

Answer 4

somatic and autonomic nervous system

Question 5

What structures are part of the forebrain?

Answer 5

a. cerebrum
b. olfactory bulbs
c. corpus callosum
d. thalamus
e. hypothalamus
f. pituitary gland
g. pineal gland

Question 6

What structures are part of the hindbrain?

Answer 6

a. cerebellum
b. medulla oblongata
c. pons

Question 7

cerebrum

Answer 7

involved with memory and consciousness and some visual/sound information interpretation; composed of outer grey matter and inner white matter

Question 8

corpus callosum

Answer 8

connects R and L side of brain

Question 9

thalamus

Answer 9

filter signals

Question 10

hypothalamus

Answer 10

releases GnRH to pituitary gland and helps maintain homeostasis

Question 11

pituitary gland

Answer 11

releases the hormones FSH and LH

Question 12

pineal gland

Answer 12

releases hormones

Question 13

midbrain

Answer 13

part of brainstem; filters signals and often connected to sleep/waking

Question 14

cerebellum

Answer 14

coordinates/regulates motor activities

Question 15

medulla oblongata/pons

Answer 15

control breathing; receives messages from spinal cord and filters them to the appropriate part of the brain

Question 16

where is the beginning and end of the spinal cord?

Answer 16

starts directly after the foramen magnum and ends at beginning of sacral vertebrae

Question 17

What surrounds the brain and spinal cord?

Answer 17

meninges and CSF

Question 18

what nerve pathway does NOT cross hemispheres?

Answer 18

olfactory

Question 19

what are the 2 nerves of the spinal cord?

Answer 19

ascending and descending

Question 20

what are the 3 layers of meninges?

Answer 20

1. dura mater
2. arachnoid mater
3. pia mater

Question 21

dura mater

Answer 21

thick and fibrous; outermost meninx

Question 22

arachnoid mater

Answer 22

intermediate meninx; contains CSF

Question 23

pia mater

Answer 23

thinnest meninx and closest to brain/spinal cord

Question 24

What are the 2 types of nerves?

Answer 24

afferent/sensory

efferent/motor

Question 25

cranial nerves

Answer 25

skip the spinal cord and feed directly into the brain

Question 26

How many cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and caudal paired spinal nerves are there?

Answer 26

C = 8 T = 18 L = 6 S = 5 Ca = 6

Question 27

what senses do afferent/sensory nerves pick up?

Answer 27

pain, pressure, proprioception, temperature, sight, smell, hearing, taste, touch

Question 28

somatic nervous system

Answer 28

efferent/motor nerves; voluntary; largely skeletal muscle

Question 29

autonomic nervous system

Answer 29

efferent/motor nerves; involuntary

Question 30

what are the 2 branches of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 30

a. sympathetic b. parasympathetic

Question 31

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 31

fight vs. flight response; increased HR, BP, dry mouth, sweat, dilated pupils, dilated bronchioles, slowed gut movement

Question 32

parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 32

rest and digest; digestion, basal HR, basal respiratory rate, endocrine gland secretions

Question 33

Wobbler syndrome

Answer 33

pinched nerve(s)

Question 34

EPM

Answer 34

equine protozoa myeloencephalitis