Neuro B TBI Flashcards
(22 cards)
TBI measure
Glasgow Coma Scale
GCS 3 parts
- Eyes
- Verbal
- Motor
Cutoff for mild TBI
LOC, GCS, Amnesia
LOC > 30min
GCS < 13 after 30min
Amnesia after 24 hours
Definition:
Concussion
mTBI
- Altered function
- Pathological brain state
Concussion measurements
MS changes, LOC
Amnesia not criteria
3 Places likely for Coup/Contra Coup
- Base of Frontal Lobes
- Ant. Tips of Temporal Lobes
- Occipital Lbes
Diffuse Axonal Injury
- Due to centripetal forces
- Not found on imaging
Diffuse Axonal Injury histological finding
Retraction balls
Phase 2 of Injury
Brain edema
Phase 2 cause
NT cascade (Glutamate -> massive depolarization -> ATP depletion)
Post Concussion Syndrome Tx
- Neuropsych evaluation
- Sleep Regulation
- Understanding
C 3,4,5
Diaphragm
Top of the shoulder sensory
C 5,6
Elbow flexion
Thumb sensory
L 5
Great toe/foot dorsiflexion
Lateral calf sensory
S 2,3,4
Anal sphincter tone
Perianal sensory
Sympathetic fibers arise from
Thoracic and Lumbar vertebrae
Brown Sequard Syndrome
Complete hemisection
- Ipsilateral loss of most things
- Contralateral pain & temp
- Bladder and bowel dysfunction
Anterior Cord Syndrome
- Variable loss of motor, pain & temperature
- Vibration & Proprioception are preserved
Central Cord Syndrome
Occurs with cervical hyperextension
- Weakness in upper extremities, normal lower extremities
- Bladder dysfunction
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Fracture below L2
- Leg pain
- Flaccid paralysis of lower body
Neurogenic Shock
Loss of autonomic function at level of injury
- Distal flaccid paralysis
- Loss of sympathetic tone
Spinal injury incidence
M>F, mostly MVA
