Neuro: Basal Nuclei 1 Flashcards
(28 cards)
What does the striatum consist of?
Caudate and putamen
What is the lenticular nucleus composed of?
Putamen and globus pallidus
Which structures send projections to the caudate and putamen?
The cortex and thalamus
What are the intrinsic projections from the substantia nigra pars compacta to?
Caudate and putamen
Where do the major basal nuclei outputs originate from?
Internal globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata
Where do major basal nuclei outputs primarily go?
Thalamus
Major basal nuclei outputs project to which structure?
Superior colliculus
What is dopamine involved in?
Reward, addiction
What movements is dopamine involved in?
Motor movements
How do neurons in the caudate nucleus respond to excitatory input?
With a transient burst of action potentials
What do neurons in the caudate nucleus inhibit?
Topically active GABAergic cells in the substantia nigra pars reticulata
What is the result of inhibiting GABAergic cells in the substantia nigra pars reticulata?
Upper motor neurons in the superior colliculus are no longer tonically inhibited and can generate action that commands a saccade
Why do people with amnesia usually form normal on tests of implicit memory?
Because basal ganglia and cerebellum are involved in procedural memory
What type of projections does the substantia nigra pars compacta send to the direct pathway?
Excitatory projections
What type of projections does the substantia nigra pars compacta send to the indirect pathway?
Inhibitory projections
When cortex or dopamine activate the direct pathway, is movement seen?
Yes, movement is seen
When cortex activates the indirect pathway, is movement seen?
No, movement is not seen
When dopamine inhibits the indirect pathway, is movement seen?
Yes, movement is seen
Which option best represents a projection from the external segment of the globus pallidus?
C. subthalamic nucleus; indirect
What transmitter do neurons from the subthalamic nucleus release in the internal segment of the globus pallidus?
A. Glutamate
What neural response follows activation of the substantia nigra pars compacta?
A. Activation of the frontal cortex by activating the direct pathway and inhibiting the indirect pathway
What transmitter do neurons from the internal segment of the globus pallidus release in the thalamus?
B. GABA
What transmitter do neurons from the internal segment of the caudate release?
GABA
What transmitter do neurons from the internal segment of the cortex release?
Glutamate
