Nucleotide metabolism (- Pathways)

Question 1

Nucleotide

Answer 1

Base + Pentose + Mono-/di-/triphosphate

Question 2

Nucleoside

Answer 2

Base + Pentose

Question 3

Bond Type

Answer 3

N-glycosidic bond

Question 4

Bond type

Answer 4

(Phosphate) Ester bond

Question 5

Examples of Pentose groups in nucleosides

Answer 5

• Ribose
• (2-)deoxy-ribose

Question 6

Give the Purine bases

Answer 6

• Adenine
• Guanine

Question 7

Give the Pyrimidine bases

Answer 7

• Cytosine
• Thymine
• Uracil

Question 8

Uracil binds only to…

Answer 8

Ribose

Question 9

Thymine binds only to…

Answer 9

Deoxyribose

Question 10

Cytosine binds only to…

Answer 10

Ribose or Deoxyribose

Question 11

Examples of purine nucleosides

Answer 11

• Adenosine
• Guanosine

Question 12

Examples of Pyrimidine nucleosides

Answer 12

• Uridine
• Cytidine
• Deoxythymidine

Question 13

Name the process

Answer 13

Purine Synthesis (De novo)

Question 14

Compound A

• Name
• Structure

Answer 14

Glucose

Question 15

Compound F

• Name
• Structure

Answer 15

Inosine monophosphate

(IMP)

Question 16

Compound J_{<span>2</span>}

• Name

Answer 16

Adenosine triphosphate

(ATP)

Question 17

Which reaction produces this structure?

Answer 17

HCO₃^- → H₂O

Question 18

Which reaction produces this structure?

Answer 18

Aspartate → Fumarate

Question 19

Which reaction produces these structures?

Answer 19

N¹⁰-formyl-FH₄ → FH₄

Question 20

Which reaction produces this structure?

Answer 20

Glutamine → Glutamate

Question 21

Which reaction produces this structure?

Answer 21

Glycine →

Question 22

What is shown in this process?

Answer 22

Degradation of a purine nucleotide: AMP

Question 23

Compound A

• Name
• Structure

Answer 23

Adenosine monophosphate

(AMP)

Question 24

Compound G

• Name
• Structure

Answer 24

Allantoine

Question 25

What is shown in this process?

Answer 25

Degradation of a purine nucleotide: _GMP_

Question 26

Compound **A** * Name * Structure

Answer 26

Guanosine monophosphate | (GMP)

Question 27

Compound **F** * Name * Structure

Answer 27

Allantoine

Question 28

De novo synthesis and nucleotide degradation occurs in the...

Answer 28

Cytosol

Question 29

Uric acid → Allantoine reaction occurs in the...

Answer 29

Liver

Question 30

Allantoin is excreted in the...

Answer 30

Urine

Question 31

Which drug can be used to treat gout/uricosis? How does it work?

Answer 31

Allopurinol Competitive inhibition of Xanthine oxidase

Question 32

Uric acid transport occurs by which 2 processes?

Answer 32

* Fast transport (80%) * Slow transport (20%)

Question 33

Cause of urate kidney stones in Dalmatians

Answer 33

* Fast transport gene of uric acid mutated * Uricase active but no uric acid uptake * Excretion: mostly uric acid, some allantoin * Uric acid precipitated in the kidney

Question 34

What is shown in this process?

Answer 34

Pyrimidine synthesis

Question 35

Compound **A** * Name

Answer 35

HCO₃^-

Question 36

Compound **K** * Name * Structure

Answer 36

Cytidine triphosphate | (CTP)

Question 37

How many ATP are needed for pyrimidine synthesis?

Answer 37

7

Question 38

What is shown in this process?

Answer 38

Degradation of pyrimidine nucleotides

Question 39

Compound **A** * Name

Answer 39

CMP

Question 40

Compound **I** * Name

Answer 40

HS-CoA

Question 41

Resynthesis of nucleotides: For each nucleotide

Answer 41

Question 42

Resynthesis of nucleotides: For purine nucleotides: Adenine

Answer 42

Question 43

Resynthesis of nucleotides: For purine nucleotides in eukaryotes

Answer 43

Question 44

Resynthesis of nucleotides: For purine nucleotides in prokaryotes

Answer 44

Question 45

What is shown in this process?

Answer 45

Synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides

Question 46

Compound **A** * Name

Answer 46

* ADP * GDP * CDP * UDP

Question 47

Compound **G** * Name

Answer 47

dTTP

Question 48

Nucleoside phosphorylase hosts which process?

Answer 48

_Deoxyribonucleoside_ releases _Deoxyribose-1-P_

Question 49

During the degradation of _deoxyribonucleotides_, what is produced instead of β-alanine?

Answer 49

β-amino-isobutyrate