OCD and Related Disorders Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are the disorders we gotta care about?
- OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder)
- Body Dysmorphic Disorder
- Hoarding Disorder
- Trichotillomania (Hair pulling)
- Excoriation (Skin picking)
OCD Diagnostic Criteria
- Obsessions, compulsions, or both
- Marked distress as a result
- Specify Insight
What are obsessions?
Persistent ideas/thoughs/impulses/images that are intrusive and cause anxiety/distress
May be recognised as product of own mind (i.e true beliefs)
What are compulsions?
Behaviours to reduce anxiety as a result of an obsession. May or may not make sense considering the obsession.
OCD Epidemiology
19 years, fluctuating course with stress levels, chronic in half of cases
People report childhood ocd, more boys than girls?
What are the possible causes of OCD?
Learned responses, genetics, environment, brain structure/function (4)
Cognitive Behavioural Model of OCD
- Intrusive thoughts are normal
- Certain people place meanings on these thoughts (obsessions) and respond to them (compulsions/avoidance)
- The response reinforces the thought and meaning of the intrusion
Intrusive thoughts might become obsessions if they are evaluated as:
- Overly important
- Highly threatening
- Associated with perfection
- Requiring complete control
- Necessitating high degree of certainty
TIC PC
Body Dysmorphic Disorder Criteria
(A): Preoccupation with 1+ perceived physical defects that are not noticable or appear slight to others
(B): At some point the individual has performed repetitive behaviours in response to appearance concerns
(C): Causes distress
Specify muscle dysmorphia
BDD Epidemiology
Teenagers, high comorbidity, high suicidality, chronic
Hoarding Disorder Diagnostic Criteria
(A): Persistent difficulty discarding possessions
(B): Because of a need to save the items and distress from discarding them
(C): Results in accumulation of possessions that clutter living areas unless someone else is cleaning
(D): Causes distress
What are the possible reasons for hoarding behaviour?
- Control
- Concern about memory
- Responsibility
- Giving possessions human-like qualities
Diagnostic Criteria of Trichotillomania
(A): Recurrent hair pulling resulting in hair loss
(B): Repeated attempts to stop
(C): Causes distress
(D): Not attributable to smth else
(E): Not another disorder
Excoriation Diagnostic Criteria
(A): Recurrent skin picking resulting in lesions
(B): Repeated attempts to stop
(C): Causes distress
(D): Not attributable to smth else
(E): Not another disorder
Picking and Pulling Epidemiology
Chronic, More females than males
Subtypes of picking and pulling
Automatic VS Focused
