Personality Disorders Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is personality?
Characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, behaving
Personality Disorder General Diagnostic Criteria
(A): Enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates markedly from expectation in 2+ of:
- Cognition
- Affectivity
- Interpersonal Functioning
- Impulse Control
(B): Inflesible and pervasive
(C): Causes distress
(D): Stable and long duration
(E): Not better explained by another disorder
(F): Not attributable to smth else
What are the 3 core features of PD?
- Functional inflexibility
- Self-defeating behaviour patterns
- Tenuous stability under stress
What are the clusters of PDs?
A - Awkward/kindawacky:
- Paranoid
- Schizoid
- Schizotypal
B - INSANOSTYLE the cute ones:
- Antisocial
- Borderline
- Histrionic
- Narcissistic
C - LOW AURA:
- Avoidant
- Dependent
- OCPD
Other:
- Other stuff
Paranoid PD Criteria + Epidemiology
(A): Distrust and supiciousness that others’ motives are malevolent
(B): Not exclusively during psychotic episodes
EP:
Early adulthood, unlikely to present for treatment
Aetiology Paranoid PD
- Common in relatives of schizophrenia
- Low self-esteem
- Emotional/social defecits
- Can work in favour in stuff like security jobs
Schizoid PD Criteria
(A): Pervaisve pattern of detachment from social relationships and restricted range of emotional expression
(B): Not exclusively during psychotic episodes
Aetiology Schizoid PD
- Linked to autism?
- Under-stimulated upbringing = underpowered limbic system
- Not associated with schizophrenia
- High level of dysfunction
Schizotypal Criteria
(A): Pervasive Pattern of social/interpersonal deficits, cognitive/perceptual disortions and eccentric behaviour
(B): Not psychotic episode
Aetiology Schizotypal
- Milder form of schizophrenia
- Cognitive challenges
- Higher dopamine
Schizoid VS Schizotypal
Schizoid is little interest in relationships, schizotypal is discomfort with relationships
Antisocial PD Criteria
(A): Disregard for and violation of the rights of others
(B): 18+
(C): Evidence of conduct disorder before 15
(D): Not exclusively with psychotic stuff
Antisocial PD Aetiology
- High sensation seeking
- Genetic
- Low serotonin, frontal problems
- Childhood aggression, neglectful parenting
- Linked to psychopathy
- Implications for sentencing?
Borderline PD Criteria + Epid
(A): Instability of interpersonal relationsips, self-image, affects, impulsivity, shown in 5 of:
- Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment
- Unstable/intense relationships
- Identity disturbance
- Impulsivity
- Suicidality/self-harm
- Affective instability
- Chronic emptiness
- Inappropriate anger
- Paranoia/dissociative symptoms
SUIII CAP F
epid is 75% females
BPD Aetiology
- Genetic
- Cormorbidity
- Abuse D:
- High hippocampal volumes and higher amygdala activation
- Desire intimacy but anxious about dependency
- Some say it is CPTSD but they r wrong lol
Histrionic PD Criteria + EP
(A): Emotionality and attention seeking
EP IS FEMALES
Histrionic PD Aetiology
- Little work done
- Genetic to itself + BPD and antisocial
Narcissistic PD Criteria + EP
(A): Grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy
EP:
- Not aligned with reality
- More males?
Narcissistic PD Aetiology
- Child needs not met
- OR too much praise as a kid
- Highest genetic loading
Subtypes: - Overt Narcissism -> IM HIM (aura)
- Covert Narcissism -> I’m sensitive to criticism (no aura)
Avoidant PD Criteria + Aetiology
(A): Social inhibition, inadequacy, sensitive to negative evaluation
- high neuroticism
- low extroversion
- shyness in childhood
Dependent PD Criteria + Aetiology
(A): Need to be taken care of, SUB MOMENT
- Seperation anxiety in family members
- Overprotected attachment
Obsessive Compulsive PD + EP + Aetiology
(A): Perfectionism, control, at the expense of flexibility
- More males
- Perfectionism, avoid punishment from parents
- Supported by Western culture
AMPD
Alternative model for personality disorders
- Better
- Adds dimensional elements
PDs Aetiology Basic Model
Genetics + Environment = Personality
