Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > Palm Of The Hand > Flashcards

Palm Of The Hand Flashcards

(89 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Carpus

A

.wrist

. 8 carpal bones arranged in 2 rows of 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Prox. Row of carpus from lateral to medial

A

. Scaphoid w/ tubercle
. Lunate
. Triquetral
. Pisiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Distal row of carpus from lateral to medial

A

. Trapezium w/ tubercle
. Trapezoid
. Capitate
. Hamate w/ hook

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Metacarpals

A

. Numbered I-V lat. to med.
. Has base, shaft, and head (distal)
. Bases articulate w/ distal row of carpals and each other (except I which only articulates w/ trapezium)
. Heads articulate w/ base of prox. Phalanges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Digits

A

. I-V lat. to med.
. II-V has 3 phalanges (prox., intermediate, distal)
. I has 2 phalanges (prox., distal)
. Distal phalanges have expanded tuberosities that support digital pads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Carpometacarpal (CM) joints

A

. Btw distal carpal row and metacarpal bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints

A

Btw metacarpal head and prox. Phalangeal bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints

A

Btw heads and based of adjacent phalanges

. Thumb only has 1 interphalangeal joint (IP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Carpal groove

A

Deep groove formed by palmar concavity of carpus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament) and attachments

A

Fibrous specialization of deep fascia that bridges carpal groove
. Med. attachment: pisiform and hook of hamate
. Lat. attachment: tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Carpal tunnel

A

. Osseofibrous tunnel formed by carpal bones and flexor retinaculum
. Connects ant. Compartment of forearm and palm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Contents of carpal tunnel proper

A

. Tendons of extrinsic flexors (flexor digitorum, flexor digitorum profundus. And flexor pollicis longus mm.)
. Synovial tendon sheaths
. Median n.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does flexor carpi radialis m. Enter hand?

A

Separate compartment in lat. wall of carpal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T/F palm of hand lacks sebacous glands

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T/F skin of palm of hand does not adhere to underlying deep fascia

A

F, tightly adherent to deep fascia to facilitate gripping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Flexion creases

A

. Reflect patterns of habitual joint movement
. Distal wrist crease
. Prox. Transverse crease
. Distal transverse crease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Distal wrist crease

A

Marks prox. Border of flexor retinaculum

Start fo carpal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Prox. Transverse crease

A

Med. end marks location of superficial palmar arterial arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Distal transverse crease

A

Marks prox. Extend of distal synovial sheathes of digits II-IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Dermatoglyphs

A

Fine ridges on digital pads that inc. friction and facilitate grasping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Simian crease

A

. Single transverse palmar crease

. Indicative of trisomy 21 but can occur in small number of general population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Thenar eminence

A

Lat. fleshy mass formed by intrinsic muscles of digit I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Hypothenar eminence

A

Med. fleshy mass formed by intrinsic muscles of digit V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Deep palmar fascia

A

.Continuous w/ deep fascia of forearm (antebrachial fascia)
. Thin over thenar and hypothenar eminences
. Thick over central palm and digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Palmaris aponeurosis
. Triangular thickened fascia of central palm . Lies superficial go long flexor tendons, nerves, and vessels entering palm . Apex continuous proximally w/ flexor retinaculum and tendon of palmaris longus m.
26
Longitudinal digital bands
. Distal extensions of palmar aponeurosis | . Blend w/ fibrous digital sheaths of digits II-V
27
Medial and lateral intermuscular septa
. Extend from med. and lat. borders of palmar aponeurosis to attach to shafts of 3rd and 5th metacarpals . Define central, thenar, and hypothenar compartments
28
Palmaris brevis m. OIAN
A: Wrinkles the skin of med. palm . O: med. palmar aponeurosis and adjacent flexor retinaculum I: skin of med. palm . N: ulnar nerve (superficial branch)
29
Fibrous digital sheaths
. Specialization of deep fascia . Attach along med. and lat. palmar margins of phalanges forming osseofibrous tunnels enclosing long flexor tendons and digital synovial sheaths . Thickness and fiber orientation vary . annular pulleys and cruciform pulleys . Sheaths of II-V continuous proximally w/ longitudinal digital bands of palmar aponeurosis
30
Annular pulleys
. Thick, transversely oriented component of digital sheath
31
Cruciform pulleys
Thin, obliquely oriented component of digital sheath
32
Duputyren’s contracture
. Pathological fibrosis and shortening of palmar aponeurosis or longitudinal digital bands creases traction on the fibrous digital sheaths . Flexors deformity of digits IV-V
33
Synovial tendon sheaths
. Thin-walled sacs lined by synovial membrane and containing thin layer of synovial fluid
34
Common flexor synovial sheath or ulnar bursa
. Common sheath enveloping tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum profundus mm. . Begins prox. To flexor retinaculum . Continuous distally w/ the digital synovial sheath of digit V
35
Synovial sheath of flexor pollicis longus/ radial bursa
. Lat. to the common synovial flexor sheath (communicates w/ it often) . Begins prox. To flexor retinaculum . Continuous distally w/ the digital synovial sheath of the thumb
36
Digital synovial sheaths
. Envelop flexor tendons w/ digital tendons . Synovial sheaths of digits II-IV terminate prox. At the metacarpal midshaft . Digits I and V continuous w/ radial and ulnar bursae
37
Vincula
Specialized synovial folds (mesotenons) connecting extrinsic flexor tendons to underlying bone and ligament . Transmits small vessels
38
Bacterial tenosynovitis
. Caused by deep penetrating injuries . Infections in digits I or V (radial/ulnar bursa) can spread rapidly to neighboring bursa and proximally to forearm . Digits II-IV infections contained w/in digit
39
Plane of flexion/extension in digits
Sagittal plane
40
Abduction/adduction plane for digits
. Coronal plane
41
Medal/lateral rotation in digits
. Transverse plane . Limited in 5th CM joint . Occurs when cupping palm or opposing thumb and little finger
42
Digit I first CM joint properties
. 1st CM joint and palmar surface of thumb rotated medially | . Movements of thumb occur at right angles to those of the other digits
43
Flexion/extension in thumb
. Coronal plane . Occurs at IP, MP, and CM joints . Flexion of 1st CM contributes significantly to thumb flexion
44
Abduction in thumb
Move ant. Away from the plane of the palm
45
Adduction in thumb
. Movement post. Toward plane of palm
46
Opposition in thumb
. Compound movement involving flexion and abduction accompanied by med. rotation of 1st CM joint . allows thumb tip to contact (oppose) tips of other digits
47
Reposition in thumb
. Return of the thumb to the neutral position
48
Extrinsic muscles of the palm
. Flexor digitorum superficial m. . Flexor digitorum profundus m. . Flexor pollicis longus m.
49
Intrinsic muscles of the palm groups
.thenar muscles . Hypothenar muscles . central compartment muscles
50
Thenar muscle characteristics
. Make up thenar eminence . Share common origin from flexor retinaculum and its bony reattachments . All innvervated by recurrent branch of median n.
51
Thenar muscle names
. Abductor pollicis brevis . Flexor pollicis brevis . Opponens pollicis m.
52
Abductor pollicis brevis IA
I: base of prox. Phalanx of the thumb A: abducts thumb
53
Flexor pollicis brevis m. IA
I: base of prox. Phalanx of the thumb A: flexes CM and MP joints of thumb
54
Opponens pollicis m. IA
I: lat. shaft of metacarpal A: opposes thumb
55
Hypothenar muscle characteristics
. Intrinsic muscles of digit V . Common origin from flexor retinaculum and its attachments . Innervated by deep branch of ulnar n.
56
Hypothenar muscles names
. Abductor digiti minimi . Flexor digiti minimi . Opponens digiti minimi
57
Abductor digiti minimi IA
I: medial base of prox. Phalanx of digit V A: abducts digit V
58
Flexor digiti minimi IA
I: base of prox. Phalanx of digit V A: flexes MP joint of digit V
59
Opponens digiti minimi IA
I: shaft of metacarpal V A: opposes digit V
60
Adductor pollicis m. OIAN
O: transverse head from shaft of metacarpal III, oblique head from capitate and bases of metacarpals II-III I: med. base of prox. Phalanx of the thumb A: adducts and flexes thumb N: deep branch of ulnar n.
61
Palmar interosseous muscles number of them and OIAN
``` .3 muscles O: shafts of metacarpals II, IV, and V I: extensor expansions of digits II, IV, V A: adducts and flexes thumb N: deep branch of ulnar n. ```
62
Dorsal interosseous muscles number and OIAN
. 4 muscles O: bipennate muscles originating from adjacent metacarpal shafts I: prox. Phalangeal bases and extensor expansions of digits II-I A: abduction, flexion of MP joints, extension of PIP and DIP joints N: deep branch ulnar nerve
63
Lumbricals m. Number and OIAN
. 4 muscles . O: tendons of flexor digitorum profundus m. I: lat. side of extensor expansion of digits II-V A: flexion of MP joints, extension of PIP and DIP joints, abduction of digits II-III, adduction of digits IV-V N: lumbricals 1-2 by median n., 3-4 by deep branch of ulnar n.
64
Claw-hand deformity
. Lumbrical paralysis causes inadequately opposed extrinsic flexors draw the affected digit into a flexed position
65
T/F interossei and lumbricals all act to flex the MP joints and extend the IP joints
T
66
What muscles perform the flexing motion of MP joints while extending IP joints most effectively?
Lumbricals
67
Median n.
. Motor supply to 5 intrinsic muscles of the hand | . Innervation to lat. palm and lat. 3.5 digits
68
Median nerve pathway
. Enters palm throug carpal tunnel deep to flexor retinaculum . Goes ant. To long flexor tendons
69
Median n. Branches and their pathways
. Palmar cutaneous branch: prox. To carpal tunnel, passes superficial to flexor retinaculum to supply lat. palm . Recurrent median n.: deep to flexor retinaculum , courses proximolaterally to supply 3 thenar muscles
70
What occurs when you get a superficial laceration over the thenar eminence that severs recurrent median n.?
Loss of opposition, weakened thumb flexion and abduction | Atrophy of thenar muscles
71
Common palmar digital nn.
. Small branches give motor innervation to lumbricals 1-2
72
Proper palmar digital nn.
. Terminal branches of common palmar digital nn. | . Give cutaneous innervation to palmer surfaces and nail beds of the lat. 3.5 digits
73
Carpal tunnel syndrome
. Caused by edema or repetitive flexion/extension of wrist and fingers . Compression. Of median n. W/in carpal tunnel . Numbness and tingling in lat. 3.5 digits, weakness of thumb movements and clawing of digits 2-3
74
Ulnar n.
. Motor innervation to all other intrinsic hand muscles and cutaneous innervation to palmar and dorsal aspects of med. hand and 1.5 digits
75
Ulnar n. Pathway
. Ulnar n. Crosses the wrist in a groove btw pisiform and hook of hamate and superficial to flexor retinaculum . Ligament bridging the groove creates an osseofibrous tunnel (ulnar Guyon’s canal) for ulnar nerve and vessels
76
Ulnar n. Branches and pathways
. Palmar cutaneous branch: arises in forearm and supplies skin of med. palm . Dorsal cutaneous branch: arises in forearm, supplies skin of med. side of the dorsal aspect of the hand, gives dorsal digital branches to med. 1.5 digits . Superficial branch: supplies palmaris brevis, common . Deep branch: passes through hypothenar muscles mass to reach the deep palmar space, gives muscular branches to hypothenar muscles, lumbricals 3-4, interossei, and adductor pollicis m.
77
Common and proper palmar digital nn.
. Off of superficial branch of ulnar n. | . To palmar surfaces and nail beds of the med. 1.5 digits
78
To achieve full anesthesia of a finger local anesthetic must be injected on ____
Both sides (med. and lat.) of digital base
79
Cyclist’s palsy
. Numbness or tingling of med. 1.5 digits and weakness of intrinsic hand muscles . Caused by ulnar nerve compression
80
What happens when ulnar n. Is severed?
. Clawing of digits 4-5, inability to ab/adduct digits and wasting of intrinsic palm muscles
81
Ulnar artery
. Accompanies ulnar nerve through ulnar canal then curves lat. to form superficial palmar arterial arch
82
Ulnar a. Deep branch
Accompanies the deep branch of ulnar n. And unites w/ radial artery to complete the deep palmar arterial arch
83
Radial a. Superficial branch
Penetrates thenar muscle mass and anastomoses w/ altar. A. To complete superficial palmar arterial arch
84
Radial artery pathway
. Winds dorsally across floor of anatomical snuffbox . Passes btw heads of 1st dorsal interosseous m. To reach central compartment . Gives large branches (princeps pollicis and radialis indicis aa.) to the 1st 2 digits . Curves medially deep to adductor pollicis m. (Oblique head) to form deep palmar arterial arch
85
Superficial palmar arterial arch
. Formed primarily by ulnar a. And completed by superficial palmar branch of radial a. . Lies deep to palmar aponeurosis but superficial to extrinsic flexor tendons . Groves rise to common palmar digital arteries
86
Palmar digital aa. Pass distally and divide into ___
Proper palmar digital aa.
87
Deep palmar arterial arch
. Formed primarily by radial a. And completed by deep palmar branch of ulnar a. . Prox. To superficial arch and distal to metacarpal bases . Ant. To metacarpal shafts and interosseous mm. But post. (Deep) to adductor pollicis m. . Gives rise to palmar metacarpal aa.
88
Palmar metacarpal aa.
. Pass distally in intermetacarpal spaces | . Terminate by anastomosing w/ common palmar digital aa.
89
How to control bleeding in surgical field of palm
. Temporarily ligate brachial a.

Anatomy (49 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions