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Spanish > Past tense/ El pretérito Indefinido > Flashcards

Past tense/ El pretérito Indefinido Flashcards

The preterite past tense defines actions that have already been accomplished or tasks that have been completed.

1
Q

What does this tense describe?

A

The preterite past tense defines actions that have already been accomplished or tasks that have been completed.

It refers to something that happened one time only—a single experience rather than an ongoing event.

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2
Q

Ending of regular -ar verbs

I bought two coffees, one for you and one for me.

A

Yo: -é
Tu: -aste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -ó
Nosotros (as): -amos
Vosotros (as): -asteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -aron

Stem + ending

Compré dos cafés, uno para ti y otro para mí.

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3
Q

Ending of regular -er verbs

You ate red beans and rice.

A

Yo: í
Tu: iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: ió
Nosotros (as): imos
Vosotros (as): isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: ieron

Comiste frijoles rojos y arroz.

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4
Q

Ending of regular -ir verbs

A

Yo: í
Tu: iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: ió
Nosotros (as): imos
Vosotros (as): isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: ieron

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5
Q

Andar/ To walk
(-Ar verb)

I walked to school this morning

A

Past stem: Anduv-
* “ahn-doo-b..”

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

anduve a la escuela esta mañana

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6
Q

To walk

Today I’ve walked around the old town.

A

Verb: Andar
Stem: Anduv
* “ahn-doo-b..”

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

Hoy anduve por el casco antiguo de la ciudad.

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7
Q

Estar
(-Ar verb)

A

Past stem: estuv-
“”

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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8
Q

To be

A

Verb: Estar
Past stem: estuv-

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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9
Q

Poder/ To be able to

A

Stem: pud

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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10
Q

To be able to

A

Verb: poder
Past stem: pud
“”

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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11
Q

Poner/ To put

A

Stem: pus

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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12
Q

To put

A

Verb: poner
Stem: pus

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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13
Q

Querer/ To want

A

Past tense Stem: quis

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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14
Q

To want

A

Infinitive: Querer
Past tense verb: Quis

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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15
Q

Saber/ To know

A

Past tense stem: sup

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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16
Q

To know

A

Infinitive: Saber
Past tense verb: Sup

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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17
Q

Tener/ To have

A

Past tense stem: Tuv

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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18
Q

To have

A

Infinitive: Tener
Past tense verb: Tuv

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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19
Q

Hacer/ To do

A

Past tense stem: Hic/ Hiz

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

Switch to hiz when using third person singular as they do not have an i at the end so we need z to form the “th” sound.

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20
Q

To do

A

Infinitive: Hacer
Past tense verb:Hic/ Hiz

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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21
Q

Traer/ To bring

A

Past tense stem: traj

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -eron

In third plural person, the i disappears.

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22
Q

To bring

A

Infinitive: traer
Past tense verb: traj

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

In third plural person, the i disappears.

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23
Q

Venir/ To come

A

Past tense stem: Vin

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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24
Q

To come

A

Infinitive: Venir
Past tense verb: Vin

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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25
Q

Conducir

A

Past tense stem: conduj

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -eron

In third plural person, the i disappears.

26
Q

To drive

A

Infinitive: Conducir
Past tense verb: conduj

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

In third plural person, the i disappears. All verbs ending in -ucir have a j

27
Q

Decir/ To say

A

Past tense stem: dij

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

In third plural person, the i disappears.

28
Q

To say

A

Infinitive: Decir
Past tense verb: Dij

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -eron

In third plural person, the i disappears.

29
Q
  • Ir/To go
  • Ser/ To be
A

Yo: fui
Tu: fuiste
él/ Ella/ Usted: fue
Nosotros (as): fuimos
Vosotros (as): fuisteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: fueron

30
Q

To go/ To be

I was the first person to be chosen for the team.

A

Infinitive: Ir/ ser

Yo: fui
Tu: fuiste
él/ Ella/ Usted: fue
Nosotros (as): fuimos
Vosotros (as): fuisteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: fueron

Fui la primera persona elegida para el equipo.

31
Q

What sort of verb is this ending for?

Yo: -é
Tu: -aste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -ó
Nosotros (as): -amos
Vosotros (as): -asteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -aron

A

Regular -ar verbs

32
Q

What sort of verb is this ending for?

Yo: í
Tu: iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: ió
Nosotros (as): imos
Vosotros (as): isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: ieron

A

Regular -er or -ir verb endings

33
Q

last night

I went to bed very late last night

A

Anoche
“ah-noh-cheh”

Anoche me fui a la cama muy tarde

34
Q

the night before last

I couldn’t sleep the night before last

A

Anteanoche
“ahn-teh-ah-noh-cheh”

Anteanoche no pude dormir

35
Q

yesterday

I feel much better today than yesterday.

A

Ayer
“ah-yehr”

Me siento mucho mejor hoy que ayer.

36
Q

the day before yesterday

I finished the course the day before yesterday

A

Anteayer
“ahn-teh-ah-yehr”

Terminé el curso anteayer

37
Q

yesterday [part of the day]

I went to the doctor yesterday morning

A

Ayer + por la/el [part of the day]
“ah-yehr”

Ayer por la mañana fui al médico

38
Q

from the first moment

I loved you from the first moment

A

Desde el primer momento

  • “dehs-deh ehl pree-mehr moh-mehn-toh”

Te amé desde el primer momento

39
Q

suddenly

I suddenly understood everything

A

De repente
“deh rreh-pehn-teh”

De repente lo entendí todo

40
Q

for + period of time

What did you do during winter break?

A

Durante + [period of time]
“doo-rahn-teh”

¿Qué hiciste durante las vacaciones de invierno?

41
Q

the other day

I saw him the other day

A

El otro día
“ehl oh-troh dee-ah”

Lo vi el otro día

42
Q

Then

I did not know what to say then

A

Entonces
Spain: “ehn-tohn-thehs”
Latin America: “ehn-tohn-sehs”

No supe qué decir entonces

43
Q

at that moment

I understood everything at that moment

A

En aquel momento
“ehn ah-kehl moh-mehn-toh”

en ese momento
“ehn eh-seh moh-mehn-toh”

Lo entendí todo en aquel momento

44
Q

at that moment

I understood everything at that moment

A

En aquel momento
“ehn ah-kehl moh-mehn-toh”

en ese momento
“ehn eh-seh moh-mehn-toh”

Lo entendí todo en aquel momento

45
Q

[period of time] ago

I finished two minutes ago

A

Hace + [period of time]
Spain: “ah-theh”
Latin America: “ah-seh”

Hace dos minutos terminé

46
Q

last [time period]

I was at a party last weekend

A

[Time period] + pasado
“pah-sah-doh”

Estuve en una fiesta el fin de semana pasado

47
Q

One day

I was poor until one day I won the lottery

A

Un día
“oon dee-ah”

Era pobre hasta que un día me tocó la lotería

48
Q

Where is the stress?

A

The preterite forms are stressed on the endings rather than on the stem.

49
Q

Dormir/ To sleep

A
  • dormí
  • dormiste
  • durmió
  • dormimos
  • dormisteis
  • durmieron
50
Q

mentir/ To lie

A
  • mentí
  • mentiste
  • mintió
  • mentimos
  • mentisteis
  • mintieron
51
Q

sentirse/ To feel

A

sentirse (In present tense e>i)
* me sentí,
* te sentiste,
* se sintió,
* nos sentimos,
* os sentisteis,
* se sintieron

Third person (e>i)

52
Q

What happens to leer?

A

leer —
* leí
* leíste
* leyó
* leímos
* leísteis
* leyeron

53
Q

oír

A
  • oí
  • oíste
  • oyó
  • oímos
  • oísteis
  • oyeron
54
Q

Traducir

A

Past tense stem: traduj

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -eron

55
Q

reírse/ to laugh

A
  • me reí
  • te reíste
  • se rio
  • nos reímos
  • os reísteis
  • se rieron

Irregular verb in present tense (e>i)

56
Q

What happens to irregula verbs in the present tense that change from e>i?

A

3rd person e>i but other tenses keep the e

57
Q

What happens to verbs ending with -gar?

To keep the sound that in the infinitive.

A

First person ends with -gué

E.g. jugar > jugué

Para mantener el sonido que en el infinitivo.

58
Q

What happens to present tense verbs that change from (o>ue) in the present tense?

A

3rd person

59
Q

servir
(To be useful/ To serve)

A
  • serví
  • serviste
  • sirvió
  • servimos
  • servisteis
  • sirvieron

Irregular verb in present tense (e>i)

60
Q

What happens to verbs that end with -car?

To keep the sound that in the infinitive.

A
  • First person has an ending of -qué

Para mantener el sonido que en el infinitivo.

61
Q

What happens to verbs that end with -zar?

To keep the sound that in the infinitive.

A

first person ends with -cé

Para mantener el sonido que en el infinitivo.

62
Q

What happens to (e>ei)

A

e>i for the 3rd person

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