Past tense/ El pretérito Indefinido Flashcards by Joy Silva

What does this tense describe?

The preterite past tense defines actions that have already been accomplished or tasks that have been completed.

It refers to something that happened one time only—a single experience rather than an ongoing event.

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Ending of regular -ar verbs

I bought two coffees, one for you and one for me.

Yo: -é
Tu: -aste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -ó
Nosotros (as): -amos
Vosotros (as): -asteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -aron

Stem + ending

Compré dos cafés, uno para ti y otro para mí.

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Ending of regular -er verbs

You ate red beans and rice.

Yo: í
Tu: iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: ió
Nosotros (as): imos
Vosotros (as): isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: ieron

Comiste frijoles rojos y arroz.

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Ending of regular -ir verbs

Yo: í
Tu: iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: ió
Nosotros (as): imos
Vosotros (as): isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: ieron

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Andar/ To walk
(-Ar verb)

I walked to school this morning

Past stem: Anduv-
* “ahn-doo-b..”

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

anduve a la escuela esta mañana

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To walk

Today I’ve walked around the old town.

Verb: Andar
Stem: Anduv
* “ahn-doo-b..”

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

Hoy anduve por el casco antiguo de la ciudad.

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Estar
(-Ar verb)

Past stem: estuv-
“”

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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To be

Verb: Estar
Past stem: estuv-

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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Poder/ To be able to

Stem: pud

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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To be able to

Verb: poder
Past stem: pud
“”

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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Poner/ To put

Stem: pus

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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To put

Verb: poner
Stem: pus

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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Querer/ To want

Past tense Stem: quis

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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To want

Infinitive: Querer
Past tense verb: Quis

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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Saber/ To know

Past tense stem: sup

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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To know

Infinitive: Saber
Past tense verb: Sup

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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Tener/ To have

Past tense stem: Tuv

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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To have

Infinitive: Tener
Past tense verb: Tuv

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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Hacer/ To do

Past tense stem: Hic/ Hiz

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

Switch to hiz when using third person singular as they do not have an i at the end so we need z to form the “th” sound.

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To do

Infinitive: Hacer
Past tense verb:Hic/ Hiz

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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Traer/ To bring

Past tense stem: traj

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -eron

In third plural person, the i disappears.

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To bring

Infinitive: traer
Past tense verb: traj

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

In third plural person, the i disappears.

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Venir/ To come

Past tense stem: Vin

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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To come

Infinitive: Venir
Past tense verb: Vin

Yo: -e
Tu: -iste
él/ Ella/ Usted: -o
Nosotros (as): -imos
Vosotros (as): -isteis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: -ieron

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Conducir

Past tense stem: conduj Yo: **-e** Tu: **-iste** él/ Ella/ Usted: **-o** Nosotros (as): **-imos** Vosotros (as): **-isteis** Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: **-eron** | In third plural person, the i disappears.

To drive

Infinitive: Conducir Past tense verb: conduj Yo: **-e** Tu: **-iste** él/ Ella/ Usted: **-o** Nosotros (as): **-imos** Vosotros (as): **-isteis** Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: **-ieron** ## Footnote In third plural person, the i disappears. All verbs ending in -ucir have a j

Decir/ To say

Past tense stem: dij Yo: **-e** Tu: **-iste** él/ Ella/ Usted: **-o** Nosotros (as): **-imos** Vosotros (as): **-isteis** Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: **-ieron** | In third plural person, the i disappears.

To say

Infinitive: Decir Past tense verb: Dij Yo: **-e** Tu: **-iste** él/ Ella/ Usted: **-o** Nosotros (as): **-imos** Vosotros (as): **-isteis** Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: **-eron** | In third plural person, the i disappears.

* Ir/To go * Ser/ To be

Yo: **fui** Tu: **fuiste** él/ Ella/ Usted: **fue** Nosotros (as): **fuimos** Vosotros (as): **fuisteis** Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: **fueron**

To go/ To be | I was the first person to be chosen for the team.

Infinitive: Ir/ ser Yo: **fui** Tu: **fuiste** él/ Ella/ Usted: **fue** Nosotros (as): **fuimos** Vosotros (as): **fuisteis** Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: **fueron** | Fui la primera persona elegida para el equipo.

What sort of verb is this ending for? Yo: **-é** Tu: **-aste** él/ Ella/ Usted: **-ó** Nosotros (as): **-amos** Vosotros (as): **-asteis** Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: **-aron**

Regular -ar verbs

What sort of verb is this ending for? Yo: **í** Tu: **iste** él/ Ella/ Usted: **ió** Nosotros (as): **imos** Vosotros (as): **isteis** Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: **ieron**

Regular -er or -ir verb endings

last night | I went to bed very late last night

Anoche "ah-noh-cheh" | Anoche me fui a la cama muy tarde

the night before last | I couldn’t sleep the night before last

Anteanoche "ahn-teh-ah-**noh**-cheh" | Anteanoche no pude dormir

yesterday | I feel much better today than yesterday.

Ayer "ah-**yehr**" | Me siento mucho mejor hoy que ayer.

the day before yesterday | I finished the course the day before yesterday

Anteayer "ahn-teh-ah-**yehr**" | Terminé el curso anteayer

yesterday [part of the day] | I went to the doctor yesterday morning

Ayer + por la/el [part of the day] "ah-**yehr**" | Ayer por la mañana fui al médico

from the first moment | I loved you from the first moment

Desde el primer momento * "**dehs**-deh ehl pree-**mehr** moh-**mehn**-toh" | Te amé desde el primer momento

suddenly | I suddenly understood everything

De repente "deh rreh-**pehn**-teh" | De repente lo entendí todo

for + period of time ## Footnote What did you do during winter break?

Durante + [period of time] "doo-**rahn**-teh" ## Footnote ¿Qué hiciste durante las vacaciones de invierno?

the other day | I saw him the other day

El otro día "ehl **oh**-troh **dee**-ah" | Lo vi el otro día

Then | I did not know what to say then

Entonces Spain: "ehn-**tohn**-thehs" Latin America: "ehn-**tohn**-sehs" | No supe qué decir entonces

at that moment ## Footnote I understood everything at that moment

En aquel momento "ehn ah-**kehl** moh-**mehn**-toh" en ese momento "ehn **eh**-seh moh-**mehn**-toh" ## Footnote Lo entendí todo en aquel momento

at that moment ## Footnote I understood everything at that moment

En aquel momento "ehn ah-**kehl** moh-**mehn**-toh" en ese momento "ehn **eh**-seh moh-**mehn**-toh" ## Footnote Lo entendí todo en aquel momento

[period of time] ago ## Footnote I finished two minutes ago

Hace + [period of time] Spain: "**ah**-theh" Latin America: "**ah**-seh" ## Footnote Hace dos minutos terminé

last [time period] | I was at a party last weekend

[Time period] + pasado "pah-**sah**-doh" | Estuve en una fiesta el fin de semana pasado

One day | I was poor until one day I won the lottery

Un día "oon **dee**-ah" | Era pobre hasta que un día me tocó la lotería

Where is the stress?

The preterite forms are stressed on the endings rather than on the stem.

Dormir/ To sleep

* dormí * dormiste * durmió * dormimos * dormisteis * durmieron

mentir/ To lie

* mentí * mentiste * mintió * mentimos * mentisteis * mintieron

sentirse/ To feel

sentirse (In present tense e>i) * me sentí, * te sentiste, * se sintió, * nos sentimos, * os sentisteis, * se sintieron | Third person (e>i)

What happens to leer?

leer — * leí * leíste * leyó * leímos * leísteis * leyeron

oír

* oí * oíste * oyó * oímos * oísteis * oyeron

Traducir

Past tense stem: traduj Yo: **-e** Tu: **-iste** él/ Ella/ Usted: **-o** Nosotros (as): **-imos** Vosotros (as): **-isteis** Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: **-eron**

reírse/ to laugh

* me reí * te reíste * se rio * nos reímos * os reísteis * se rieron ## Footnote Irregular verb in present tense (e>i)

What happens to irregula verbs in the present tense that change from e>i?

3rd person e>i but other tenses keep the e

What happens to verbs ending with -gar? ## Footnote To keep the sound that in the infinitive.

First person ends with -gué | E.g. jugar > jugué ## Footnote Para mantener el sonido que en el infinitivo.

What happens to present tense verbs that change from (o>ue) in the present tense?

3rd person

servir (To be useful/ To serve)

* serví * serviste * sirvió * servimos * servisteis * sirvieron | Irregular verb in present tense (e>i)

What happens to verbs that end with -car? ## Footnote To keep the sound that in the infinitive.

- First person has an ending of -qué ## Footnote Para mantener el sonido que en el infinitivo.

What happens to verbs that end with -zar? ## Footnote To keep the sound that in the infinitive.

first person ends with -cé ## Footnote Para mantener el sonido que en el infinitivo.

What happens to (e>ei)

e>i for the 3rd person

Past tense/ El pretérito Indefinido Flashcards

The preterite past tense defines actions that have already been accomplished or tasks that have been completed. (62 cards)