Flashcards in Pharm Randoms Deck (65):
1
first line of care for diabetics with HTN
ace inhibitor
2
4 times of sympatholytic agents
act within CNS
act on autonomic ganglia
act on post-ganglionic neurons
block peripheral adrenergic receptors
3
what can clonidine help with
withdrawal symptoms of opioids
4
trimethaphan will
almost never be used, maybe just by anesthesiologist when patient is knocked out
only given by IV
5
1st drug approved for early BP lowering
reserpine
6
B-blockers will not
reduce chance of having a stroke, but a pt with HRN and a fib- 1st line because two birds one stone
7
labetolol is typically
not a first line drug due to so many side effects
8
ace inhibitors help with
angioedema
9
no B2 blockers for
asthma
10
angina
propanolol
11
goal BP reduction
25%
12
best anti HTN drug for pregnancy
clonidine/methyldopa
**treat to avoid pre-eclampsia
13
ACE inhibitors delay
development of renal failure
14
positive chronotropic agent
increases HR via SA
15
positive dromotropic agent
increase conduction in AV node mostly by S and PS
16
remodeling response is also known as
proliferative response
17
low preload
crystalloid
blood
18
bradycardia
atropine
isoproterenol
pacemaker
19
tachycardia
cadioversion
antiarrhythmic drugs
20
dec contract
epi
dopamine
dobutamine
calcium
glucagon
digoxin
21
excessive vasoconstriction
lisinopril
hydralazine
prazosin
carvedilol
nitroglycerin
nitropursside
22
excessive or abnormal contractility
metoprolol
verapamil
23
atropine sulfate avoid in
side effects
patients with glaucoma,
obstructive uropathy, gi obstruction, ileum, toxic megacolon
24
hydralazine is not
useful by itseld
25
aldosterone side effect
hyperkalemia
26
how to prevent chronic remodeling
block effects of aldoserone on cardiac tissue (spirnolactone)
block stimulation of myocardial beta-1 R SLOWLY/GENTLY
block production of AT II or ARBs
27
milk thistle
hepatoprotective by stimulating nucleolar polymerase A -->ribosomal protein synthesis
28
glucosamine
inflammation
osteoarthritis
degeneration of cartilage glycosaminoglycans
adverse- GI, headache, leg pain, edema, itching
29
GIngko
memory and concentration
improves tolerance of brain tissue to hypoxia by increasing cerebral blood flow
30
ginseng
overall health, performance, stamina enhancer--immuno stimulation
improves release of ash--CNS stim and inhib
31
garlic
atherosclerosis, high cholesterol/LDL
inhib HMG-COA reductase--increased fibrinolysis
32
ginger
anti-emetic, treatment of nausea and committing, motion sickness
interact with with 5ht R
inhibit thromboxane
33
Echinacea
treat prevent cold and flus
activate phagosomes, tnf, etc
34
St John's wort
depression, anxiety
inhibit synaptosomal uptake of 5ht, da, and NE
35
saw palmetto
benign prostatic hypertrophy, inhalammation
reduce uptake of testosterone and DHT
36
Soy
relief of symptoms and pre and post- menopause women
interact with estogren R
37
herb-drug interactions
cytochrome P450 enzymes
UGTs
P-gp
38
cheese reaction
tyramine in cheese, metabolized by MAO, if taking MAO tyramine builds up and can potentiate sump CV activity by releasing NA-->HTN response
39
TH2
associated with asthma
40
cellular action B2 agonist
B2 agonist binds R-->GPCR-->increase camp-->protein kinase-->reduces ca2+-->relaxes smooth muscle
41
3 other properties of B2 agonists
enhance mucociliary clearance
decrease microvascular permeability
suppress mediator release from inflame cells
42
Gemfibrozil
elevates liver function tests, do not use with statin
43
aspirin and plavix togehter
bruise everywhere
44
NO
nitric oxide
45
N2O
nitrous oxide
46
NO2
nitrite
47
NO2
nitrate
48
antiarrhythmics
significantly prolong depolarization (QT interval) and therefore can result in tornado de pointe as a form of pro-arrhthmia
49
only anti arrhythmic drug that proves mortality is
BETA BLOCKER
50
what is the best thing to use fir an arrhythmia
ICD
51
which class prolongs QT most
III and Ia
52
What antiarr has been shown o reduce mortality post MI?
propanolol
53
chronotropic agents
increase in HR via SA
54
positive dromotrophic agents
increase in conduction in AV node mostly innervated by S and PS
55
total cholesterol levels
desirable 240
56
LDL levels
desirable 160
57
HDL levels
desirable >50
borderline 40-50
bad <40
58
never use these drugs
Beta antg
cholinergic agonist
adenosine
aspirin and nsaids
59
ace inhibitors and asthma
dry cough
60
aminiosterioids
pancuronium
veruronium
rocuronium
61
benzylisoquinolones
cistracurium
d-tubocranine
62
Pancuronium
renal clearance
63
vecuronium
hepatic clearance
64
rocuronium
hepatic cleareance
65