Physical Growth, Maturation, and Aging

Question 1

Define physiological maturation

Answer 1

The development process leading to a state of full function

Question 2

True/False: Children grow and mature at different rates

Answer 2

True (based on age or size)

Question 3

What are the key indicators physiological maturation has occurred?

Answer 3

Presence of secondary sex characteristics and menarche

Question 4

What are secondary sex characteristics?

Answer 4

-Breasts
-Pubic hair
-Widening of hips
-Changes in fat distribution
-Voice deepening
-Adam’s apple
-Increased muscle mass

Question 5

What is a menarche?

Answer 5

The first menstrual period

Question 6

What is the role of maturation in movement control?

Answer 6

Characterized by period of awkwardness (relates to strength and coordination)

Question 7

True/False: Genetics and extrinsic factors do not influence growth and maturation

Answer 7

False

Question 8

True/False: Girls physiologically mature at a faster rate than boys

Answer 8

True

Question 9

True/False: Males typically grow for a longer period, resulting in greater height

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Is timing and sequencing of growth and maturation relatively consistent w/in each sex?

Answer 10

Yes (varies based on extrinsic factors)

Question 11

What are some examples of extrinsic factors?

Answer 11

-Genetics
-Nutrition
-Environment
-Illness
-Socioeconomic status
-Culture

Question 12

What is greatly impacted by extrinsic factors and when is it most sensitive?

Answer 12

Body metabolism (especially during rapid periods of growth)

Question 13

Define catch-up growth

Answer 13

Relatively rapid physical growth of the body to recover some or all potential growth lost (during period of negative extrinsic influence)

Question 14

When does catch-up growth typically occur?

Answer 14

When the negative influence is removed

Question 15

Periods of rapid growth occur when?

Answer 15

-Within the 1st year
-Adolescence

Question 16

Measuring growth and maturation is achieved using what?

Answer 16

Growth charts (CDC and WHO)

Question 17

What are growth charts?

Answer 17

Involve percentile measurements (intended to monitor growth)

Question 18

CDC growth charts are recommended for what age group?

Answer 18

Children and adolescents (2-20 yrs.)

Question 19

WHO growth charts are recommended for what age group?

Answer 19

Infants (birth to 24 mo.)

Question 20

What do CDC growth charts measure?

Answer 20

-Stature
-Weight
-BMI

Question 21

What do WHO growth charts measure?

Answer 21

-Length (plotted over time)
-Head circumference

Question 22

When is length/body proportion recorded (growth charts)?

Answer 22

-At birth
-1st year
-Growth spurts
-Mature height

Question 23

By 6 mo., how much should weight increase (since birth)?

Answer 23

2x

Question 24

By 1 yr., how much should weight increase?

Answer 24

3x

Question 25

Why does weight gain occur during adolescence?

Answer 25

Due to hormonal changes

Question 26

Girls undergo puberty at around what age?

Answer 26

8-14 yrs.

Question 27

Boys undergo puberty at around what age?

Answer 27

9-16 yrs.

Question 28

True/False: Weight is more susceptible to extrinsic factors

Answer 28

True

Question 29

During early childhood (0-5 yrs.), what body part(s) grow rapidly?

Answer 29

Legs (compared to head and trunk)

Question 30

True/False: During late childhood (6-9 yrs.), legs continue to grow faster than the trunk and head

Answer 30

True

Question 31

Physiological maturation is completed when?

Answer 31

Late adolescence (15-19 yrs.)