post wwI Flashcards
SunYatsen
he became president of China and tried to make it into a republic
Sun was the original ruler of the Nationalist party or Kuomintang
… three principles
he stepped down as president because not able to unite the country much of China was under the control of warlords
three principles of people
nationalism
democracy
livelihood
China after wwI
people China were unhappy because at the PPC allies decided to give Japan control over the land that Germany use to control China
some began protesting known as the May 4 movement , The goal was to strengthen China by modernizing and westernizing
chiang Kai shek
took over nationalist party
he managed to unite much of the country by defeating the warlords and became president in the late 1920s
for a while they tried to work with the new Communist Party but in 1927 this ended and soon a Civil War had broken out
Mao Zedong
was the leader of the communist
chinese Civil War
China was trying to park by the Civil War
The communist suffered major defeats and were forced to go on a 6000 mile long retreat also known as the long march only about 20,000 survived this year long retreat
Japanese aggression
in 1931 Japan invaded the northern region of China known as Manchuria and then it attacked the heart of China including major cities such as Shanghai and Nanking
1937 the Japanese attack the city of Nanking they went on a rampage and massacred tens of thousands of civilians and raped the at least 20,000 women
conclusion of civil war
at first the two parties supposedly unite to fight the Japanese this corporation never worked out because each side distrusted each other. Fighting resumed and eventually the Civil War ended with a victory for the Communists the nationalist fled for the island of Taiwan
INDIA (Amritsar massacre)
was British colony
many Indians have been calling for self government/home rule
Indian national congress was a movement
British troops open fire on Indians protesting British laws over 300 were killed and wounded this incident becomes known as the Amritsar massacre. this increased Indian nationalism for full independence
Gandhi
Gandhi emerges as leader of nationalist movement.
his goal was to get independence from Britain.
was Hindu
civil disobedience and nonviolent resistance
refusal to obey unjust laws also by using non violent approach (satyagraha)
boycott
Gandhi encouraged Indians to boycott British goods for example he said that Indians should not buy British cloth but instead to make their own
he thought that they might eventually feel so much pressure to leave that they would eventually realize that it was the right thing to do
Salt march
in 1930 Gandhi and his followers walked 240 miles to the sea in order to make salt this was a way of resisting the British because the Indians were deliberately breaking a British law which said the British government control over the manufacturing of salt
Indian national Congress
ghandi and Nehru were part of the INC it was mostly made of Hindus.
Muslim League
Another group called the Muslim league was led by Mohammed Ali Jinnah. This group made up of Indian Muslims wanted independence but insisted on separate nation for Muslims. (Pakistan)
independence in 1947
Burton grants India its independence but it will be partitioned into two new nations India and Pakistan
MIDDLE EAST ( during wwI)
ottoman Turks began forcing the Armenians from their homes
Armenian genocide
Turks massacred about 1 million Armenians
see this as example of genocide (an attempt to destroy an entire religious or ethnic group)
after wwI
ottoman collapsed and were taken by Britain and France
they were made mandates (under control by League of Nations)
the only land controlled by Turks was Anatolia
mustafa Kemal
overthrew ottoman sultan and declare birth or Turkish Republic
dramatically changed the country by modernize and westernizing it
SECULAR SYSTEM- govt and religion kept separate
change alphabet to increase literacy and bans traditional style of dressing
increased woman rights
the arabs
during war fought along allies
promised independence
angered by Paris peace conference bc they had been put under control of European power
movement for independence was panarabism
Jewish people
wanted to return to Palestine where Israel existed
kicked out and scattered around Europe called diaspora
Jews discriminated against known as anti semitism
Jewish nationalism
wanted their own nation state in Palestine called Zionism
theodor Herzl
founder of Zionism and wrote book called Jewish state
