Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Functional Architecture of the Body > Posterior abdominal wall > Flashcards

Posterior abdominal wall Flashcards

(47 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall?

A
  • Psoas major
  • Psoas minor
  • Quadratus lumborum
  • Ileacus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the origins and insertions of psoas major?

A

Origins: Intervening discs, bodies and transverse processes of vertebrae L1-L5.

Insertions: Lesser trochanter (femur) – via iliopsoas tendon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the innervation and function of psoas major?

A

Innervation: L1-L3 (segmental).

Functions: Flexes hip joint and trunk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the origins and insertions of psoas minor?

A

Origins: Bodies of vertebrae T12-L1.

Insertions: Fascia over psoas muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the innervation and function of psoas minor?

A

Innervation: L1.

Functions: Flexes spine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the origins and insertions of quadratus lumborum?

A

Origins:

  • Transverse process of L5
  • Iliolumbar ligament
  • Iliac crest (posterior 1/3)

Insertions:

  • 12th rib
  • Transverse processes of L1-L4
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the innervation and function of quadratus lumborum?

A

Innervation: T12-L4.

Functions:

  • Stabilises vertebral column
  • Flexes 12th rib
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the origins and insertions of iliacus?

A

Origins: Iliac crest.

Insertions: Lesser trochanter (via iliopsoas tendon).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the innervation and function of iliacus?

A

Innervation: L2-L4 (femoral nerve).

Functions: Flexes hip joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does the lumbar plexus form?

A
  • From anterior rami of upper 4 lumbar spinal nerves
  • In Psoas major
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the branches of the lumbar plexus?

A
  • Iliohypogastric nerve (L1, main)
  • Ilioinguinal nerve (L1, collateral)
  • Genitofemoral nerve (L1,2)
  • Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (L2,3)
  • Femoral nerve (L2-4, posterior divisions)
  • Obturator nerve (L2-4, anterior divisions)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the ilioinguinal (L1) nerve supply?

A

Conjoint tendon (sensory)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the iliohypogastric nerve (L1) supply?

A

Conjoint tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does the ilioinguinal nerve originate?

A

As a collateral branch of the iliohypogastric nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the femoral branch (L1) of the genitofemoral nerve supply?

A

Skin over upper anterior thigh.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the genital branch (L2) of the genitofemoral nerve supply?

A
  • Cremasteric muscles
  • Skin of anterior scrotum (males)
  • Skin of mans pubis & labia majora
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (L2,3) supply?

A

Skin of the lateral thigh.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the femoral nerve (L2-4) supply?

A
  • Quadriceps muscles
  • Sartorius
  • Pectineus
  • Skin over thigh
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the obturator (L2-4) supply?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Adductor muscles
  • Skin over medial thigh
20
Q

At what level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?

21
Q

At what level does the IVC form?

22
Q

What are the main tributaries of the IVC?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Inferior phrenic veins
  • Hepatic vein
  • Adrenal veins
  • Renal veins
  • Gonadal veins
  • Lumbar veins
23
Q

What structure pass through the diaphragm and at what vertebral levels?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Caval (T8): IVC, right phrenic nerve.
  • Anterior hiatus (T9): Superior epigastric artery.
  • Oesophageal hiatus (T10): Oesophagus, vagal trunks, lymphatics, oesophageal branches of left gastric vein.
  • Aortic hiatus (T12, posterior to crura): Aorta, azygos/hemi-azygos veins, thoracic duct.
  • Sympathetic chain passes through diaphragm posterior to medial arcuate ligament.
  • Subcostal neurovascular bundle passes though diaphragm posterior to lateral arcuate ligaments.
24
Q

What are the attachments of the diaphragm?

Study These Flashcards
A

Anterior: Xephisternum

Lateral: Lower 6 ribs

Posterior: Various ligaments

25
What are the attachments of the various posterior ligaments of the diaphragm?
- Left crus: Body of L1-2 vertebrae - Right crus: Body of L1-3 vertebrae - Medial arcuate ligaments: Body of L2, transverse processes of L1 - Lateral arcuate ligaments: Transverse processes of L1, 12th rib
26
What are the relations of the genitofemoral nerve?
- Exits psoas major on anterior surface - Femoral branch enters anterior compartment of the thigh in femoral sheath - Genital branch travels through the inguinal canal
27
What are the relations of the ilioinguinal nerve?
- Exits psoas major via lateral surface - Travels through the inguinal canal
28
What are the relations of the iliohypogastric nerve?
- Exits psoas major on lateral surface
29
What are the relations of the lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh?
- Enters the anterior compartment of the thigh medial to ASIS and posterior to inguinal ligament
30
What are the relations of the femoral nerve?
- Enters the anterior compartment of the thigh posterior to inguinal ligament - It lies outside the femoral sheath lateral to the femoral artery
31
What are the relations of the obturator nerve?
- Enters medial compartment of the thigh through the obturator foraman
32
What are the branches of the abdominal aorta?
Unpaired visceral: - Coeliac trunk - SMA - IMA Paired visceral: - Renal arteries - Middle adrenal adrenal arteries - Gonadal arteries Parietal: - Inferior phrenic arteries - Lumbar arteries - Median sacral artery
33
What are the asymmetries of the renal arteries and veins?
- Right renal artery longer than the left - Right renal vein shorter than the left
34
What are the lymph nodes associated with the abdominal aorta?
- Pre-aortic lymph nodes: Anterior - Para-aortic lymph nodes: Lateral
35
What do the pre-aortic lymph nodes drain?
- GI tract - Spleen - Pancreas - Gallbladder - Liver
36
What do the para-aortic lymph nodes drain?
- Kidneys - Gonads - Adrenal glands - Lower limbs - Body wall
37
What are the relations of vessels at the renal hila?
- Renal veins are the most anterior structures - Renal arteries are behind the veins - Ureters are posterior
38
What are the relative positions of the kidneys and adrenal glands?
- The right kidney is slightly lower than the left kidney - The right adrenal gland is associated with the upper pole of the right kidney - The left adrenal gland is associated with the medial border of the left kidney
39
What are the muscular relations of the kidneys?
- Superior: Diaphragm - Inferomedial: Psoas major - Inferior: Quadratus lumborum - Inferolateral: Transversus abdominis
40
What are the surrounding structures of the kidneys?
The kidneys and adrenal glands are surrounded by perirenal fat, followed by a layer of renal fascia, followed by a layer of pararenal fat.
41
How long are the ureters?
~25 cm
42
What are the sites of constriction of the ureters?
1. Pelviureteric junction 2. Pelvic brim 3. Junction with bladder
43
What is the internal structure of a kidney?
- Each kidney consists of an outer capsule, a cortex, medulla and a pelvis. - The renal medulla consists of renal pyramids. - The apex of each pyramid drains into a minor calyx (of which there are 2 rows of 7 per kidney). - The minor calyces join to form major calyces (of which there are 2-3). - The major calyces join to form the renal pelvis which drains into the ureter.
44
What is the relation of the ureters to the iliac vessels?
At pelvic brim, the urters are anterior to the bifurcation of the common iliac artery.
45
What are the bony relations of the ureters?
1. Transverse processes of L1-5. 2. Pelvic brim 3. Ischial spine
46
What is the parasympathetic supply to the abdominal viscera?
- Vagus: Foregut and midgut - Pelvic splanchnic (S2-4): Hindgut
47
What are the major plexuses in the abdomen?
1. Coeliac plexus: Gives rise to the hepatic, splenic and renal plexuses. Supplies foregut 2. Superior mesenteric plexus: Supplies midgut 3. Inferior mesenteric plexus: Supplies hindgut 4. Superior hyopgastric plexus: Gives rise to the inferior hypogastric plexuses supplying pelvic structures

Functional Architecture of the Body (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions