PP Exam 11 Flashcards
(143 cards)
1
Q
What is a mean?
A)
the average of a series of numbers
B)
the value that divides the distribution into two parts
C)
the value that has the highest frequency
D)
the difference between the highest and lowest value
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A
A(the average of a series of numbers).
The following are definitions used in quantitative methods. The “mean” is the average of a series of numbers. The “median” is the value of a distribution which divides the distribution into two equal parts. The “Mode” is the value of a distribution that has the most occurring frequency. The “Range” is the difference between the lowest and highest score. Source: “Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners” Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, “Quantitative Methods” pages 162-164.
2
Q
Which of the following can be used to define a Transit Mixed Use (TMU-30) zoning used in Denver?
A)
This type of zoning is used in Denver when it is separated from other land uses and not near any modes of transit.
B)
Residential land uses are only allowed in this type of zoning.
C)
allows floor area ratios of up to 5:1 and reduces parking requirements because of the proximity to a light rail station
D)
All of the Above
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C(allows floor area ratios of up to 5:1 and reduces parking requirements because of the proximity to a light rail station).
The new zoning code in Denver is the Transit mixed-use zoning (TMU-30) which allows floor area ratios of up to 5:1 and reduces parking requirements because of the proximity to a light rail station.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, January 2003, “Refilling Colorado” by Michael Leccese and Kathleen McCormick, page 24.
3
Q
What was the title of Ian McHarg’s famous book?
A)
The Death and Life of Great American Cities
B)
Design with Nature
C)
Regional Survey of New York and Its Environs
D)
Site Planning
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A
B(Design with Nature).
McHarg wrote Design with Nature in 1969. This was the first book to describe an ecologically sound approach to the planning and design of communities, Design with Nature has done much over the past 25 years to shape public environmental policy. With a distinct emphasis on human cooperation and biological partnership in design, McHarg explores the relationship between the built environment and nature to illustrate how both can be used to their full potential without being detrimental or destructive to each other. Design with Nature provides a combination of scientific insight and constructive design, and shows how to employ what nature offers to the fullest extent without imposing limitations or design constraints to create a balanced and self-renewing environment.
Source: www.planning.org
4
Q
What is the range for the average size of large auto racing tracks (e.g.: NASCAR) in the United States?
A)
100-400 acres
B)
400-750 acres
C)
400-over 1,000 acres
D)
over 2,000 acres
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A
C(400-over 1,000 acres).
There are 39 NASCAR, IRL (Indy Racing League) and large racing tracks in the US. They range from approximately 400 acres and over 1,000 acres. They cost on average, $150-$220 million to construct. They are generally built by private companies. Source: American Planning Association, Planning Magazine, October 2002, “Zooooom” by Mark Johnson, pages 8-13.
5
Q
UrbanSim can be described as which of the following?
A)
a new mode of transportation
B)
A new form of zoning
C)
a software-based simulation model for integrated planning and analysis of urban development
D)
a redevelopment technique for Brownfields
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A
C(a software-based simulation model for integrated planning and analysis of urban development ).
Source, APA Journal Summer 2002, Vol. 68, No. 3. “UrbanSim” by Paul Waddell, page 297. Metro areas are working hard to respond to federal mandates to link the planning of land use, environment, transportation, sprawl, citizen involvement, open space, affordable homes, and congestion. Older planning models used by most Metropolitan areas have difficulty addressing and measuring these issues. UrbanSim is a new model system that was developed to respond to these emerging requirements. UrbanSim has been used in three areas, including the one described in the article, Eugene-Springfield, Oregon.
6
Q
Southern Burlington County NAACP v. Township of Mt. Laurel II (1983) dealt with which of these issues?
A)
adult uses
B)
affordable housing
C)
exactions
D)
group homes
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A
B(affordable housing).
1983 - In a case focusing on Mt. Laurel, New Jersey, the New Jersey Supreme Court rules that all 567 municipalities in the state must build their “fair share” of affordable housing. A precedent-setting blow against racial segregation. Source: www.planning.org
7
Q
Dolan v. City of Tigard, 512 U.S. 374 (1994) dealt with which of the following issues?
A)
dedication must be “roughly proportional”
B)
nexus for a dedication
C)
riparian rights
D)
zoning
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A
A(dedication must be “roughly proportional” ).
Dolan v. City of Tigard, 512 U.S. 374 (1994).
Dolan sought a permit to expand a retail store and paved parking lot. Because the expansion would increase flood risks and traffic congestion, the city conditioned the permit on a dedication of land for use as a public greenway to minimize flooding and as a bike and walking path to reduce street traffic. Although the Court determined that the dedication requirement met the Nollan nexus test, the Court ruled that to survive scrutiny under the Takings Clause, the dedication must be “roughly proportional” to the expected impact of the proposed development. Source:http://www.communityrights.org
8
Q
According to the National Association of Home Builders a new home in the US is, on average ____ percent larger than it was 30 years ago.
A)
25
B)
50
C)
75
D)
10
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A
B(50).
Source, APA Planning Magazine June 2001, “Love Me, Love My Garage “ by Ruth Eckdish Knack, AICP, page 17. A new house in the US is on average 50% bigger than it was 30 years ago (NAHB).
9
Q
What is significant about Pelican Island?
A)
Created by Theodore Roosevelt
B)
Created in 1903
C)
The first National wildlife refuge
D)
All of the above
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A
D(All of the above).
In the United States, the first national wildlife refuge was created by President Theodore Roosevelt. Pelican Island was created on March 14, 1903. Pelican Island is a small island in Florida’s Indian River. Pelican Island supported the only remaining nesting colony of brown pelicans and became the first federal bird reservation as well.
By the end of his presidency in 1909, Roosevelt had set aside 53 biological survey reservations. His vision has now grown to 541 refuges which total more than 94 million acres.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, April 2003, “Taking Refuge” by John Slown, AICP, page 22.
10
Q
What was true about the 1901 New York State Tenement House Law?
1) The legislative basis for the revision of city codes that outlawed tenements such as the “Dumbbell Tenement.”
2) Lawrence Veiller was the leading reformer.
3) Improved ventilation and light.
4) made elevators mandatory for tenements of three or more floors.
A)
1,2,3
B)
All of the above
C)
2,3
D)
1 only
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A
A(1,2,3).
The 1901 New York State Tenement House Law was the legislative basis for the revision of city codes that outlawed tenements such as the “Dumbbell Tenement.” For this law, Lawrence Veiller was the leading reformer.
Legislation was desperately needed to improve the construction of tenements. To this end, and spurred by the high death rate of the City-which in 1900 stood at 20.57 persons per thousand (compared to 33 persons per thousand in 1866)-the Tenement House Act of 1901 was passed.
Many of Manhattan’s leading physicians drew a link between tuberculosis and congestion in the City’s tenement houses. Physicians attributed 8,000 to 9,000 deaths a year to tuberculosis, mostly in the poorest and most unsanitary neighborhoods of the City. Yet conditions in tenement houses may have been influenced not only by crowding, but also by the construction and use of the tenement itself. Hermann Biggs, the New York City Health Commissioner who waged a campaign against tuberculosis in the late nineteenth century, argued that while population density generally could be considered a good indicator of mortality, this did not always hold true for New York City. Biggs found that “in some of the wards where the density of the population is the greatest the mortality has been below the average, and in other wards with a relatively scarce population the mortality has been extremely high.”
All tenement houses constructed after the passage of the 1901 law were referred to as “new law” tenements. This most recent tenement house legislation reinforced the need for ventilation and light in ameliorating the morbidity and mortality that characterized life in the tenement house districts.
Source:The Living City website.
11
Q
What is the echo boom?
A)
Children of the baby boomers between 1979-1994
B)
Parents of the baby boomers
C)
Generation X
D)
Children born between 1995 and 2002
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A
A(Children of the baby boomers between 1979-1994).
The baby boomers had children later and in smaller numbers. The result, the growth in the under 18 population is reverberating in classrooms today. The Echo Boom is also called Generation Y. Source, APA Planning Magazine July 2002, “ The War of the Ages “ by C. Williamson, AICP, page 4.
12
Q
The Community Reinvestment Act is more commonly known to planners more familiar with the legislation as which of the following:
A)
The “Act”
B)
Legislation 112b
C)
The CRA
D)
None of the Above
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C(The CRA).
The CRA is the acronym often used for the Community Reinvestment Act - Source, APA Planning Magazine, “Promises Made, Promises Kept” by Julie Bennett, pages 4-9. A more detailed summary of the APA article can be found in the “Other Resources” section of the site.
13
Q
What association is not a level of government, however, it has “effective control” over transportation improvements within the area since a project must be a part of its adopted plan in order to receive federal funding?
A)
MPO
B)
COG
C)
Transportation Advisory Board
D)
Department of Transportation
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A
A(MPO).
Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) is an association of local agencies established for mutual benefit to help coordinate planning and development activities within a metropolitan region. Establishment of the MPO is required by law in urban areas of over 50,000 if federal funds are to be used. The MPO is not a level of government. However, the MPO has “effective control” over transportation improvements within the area since a project must be a part of the MPO’s adopted plan in order to receive federal funding.
Source: http://www.dot.state.tx.us
14
Q
Which of the following issue involves some companies and towns covering them up with fake rock formations, church steeples, saguaro cactuses, an assortment of fake trees, and even a 90-foot grain silo?
A)
garbage dumps
B)
treatment plants
C)
cell towers
D)
street lights
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A
C(cell towers).
The point of this question, is that many find cell towers ugly, and as the amount or number of them continues to increase, there are options available to “hide” them. A company hides antennas in all kinds of places: rock formations, church steeples, saguaro cactuses, even a 90-foot grain silo near a shopping mall outside Chicago. Source: www.techtv.com
15
Q
A township Square is used in described land in the Government Survey method, how big is a township square?
A)
There is no standard size for a township square
B)
6 Square miles
C)
36 Square miles
D)
1 Square mile
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C(36 Square miles).
The correct answer is 36 Square Miles. At the intersection of the Township lines and the vertical range lines, there are squares that form. These are called Township Squares and are 6 miles by 6 miles and therefore contain 36 square miles. Also, each township contains 36 sections. Each section is one square mile (640 acres). Section 1 is always in the northeast corner, and Section 16 was reserved for the school so that it would be centrally located. Source : “Modern Real Estate Practice in Illinois” Third Edition, Galaty, Allaway, and Kyle, Chicago, Illinois, 1999, Chapter Nine.
16
Q
In Joliet, Illinois, what was completed in 2001, and according to an economic consultant, has produced over 2,000 construction jobs, 1,500 jobs, $35 million in annual wages, $300,000 in new tax revenue, and an estimated total impact of approximately $32 million?
A)
airport
B)
auto racing track
C)
casino
D)
soccer stadium
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A
B(auto racing track).
According to an economic consultant, the Chicagoland Speedway in Joliet has produced an estimated 2,000 construction jobs, 1,500 jobs, $35 million in annual wages, $300,000 in new tax revenue, and an estimated total impact of approximately $32 million. It was opened in 2001.
Source: American Planning Association, Planning Magazine, October 2002, “Zooooom” by Mark Johnson, pages 8-13.
17
Q
In Portland, what have city maintenance trucks done to save energy?
A)
carry bicycle racks
B)
carry more than one occupant for ride sharing
C)
carry solar panels
D)
carry energy efficient headlights
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A
C(carry solar panels).
In Portland, Oregon, city maintenance trucks save energy by carrying solar panels. These solar panels provide mobile electricity that runs their power tools. Source: American Planning Association, Planning Magazine, October 2002, “Who’s Got Energy? What Comes to Mind?” by Jim Schwab, AICP, pages 4-7.
18
Q
The Sonoran Desert Conservation Plan…
A)
has taken conservation planning to the next level
B)
covers 9,000 sq. miles of Pima County’s desert
C)
has habitat and corridor elements
D)
All of the above
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A
D(All of the above).
Source: APA Planning Magazine, March 2002, “Outstanding Planning: A Plan”, by Blake Morlock, page 6. The plan has taken conservation planning to the next level by integrating cultural resources, ecosystems, economic growth, with future development. The plan covers the desert expanse of Pima County’s 9,000 square miles.
19
Q
What US city had the first subway open on September 1, 1897?
A)
New York, NY
B)
Boston, Mass.
C)
Chicago, IL
D)
Philadelphia, Pa
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A
B(Boston, Mass.).
The first US Subway was opened in Boston, Mass. on Sept. 1, 1897. Source: http://www.infoplease.com
20
Q
This planning movement had the following deficiencies, it catered to the upper class and needed public investment for its parks and boulevards, and this was not always available to cities.
A)
City Efficient
B)
City Humane
C)
City Beautiful
D)
City Functional
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A
C(City Beautiful ).
Some of the deficiencies of the City Beautiful Movement are that it catered to an upper class, it’s beautification and adornment had limited practicality, and public investment was needed for its parks and boulevards, and this was not always available to cities. Source: “Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners” Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, “Planning History Summary” by John M. Janson, AICP, PDO, Utah Chapter, APA, West Valley City, UT., page 70.
21
Q
With regards to demographics, what is CDP?
A)
Central Demographic Poll
B)
Central Downtown Poll
C)
Census Designated Places
D)
Census Described Population
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A
C(Census Designated Places).
Source, APA Planning Magazine July 2002, “ The War of the Ages “ by C. Williamson, AICP, page 8. CDP’s are incorporated cities and unincorporated communities identified by the Census Bureau, usually with input from local and county planners.
22
Q
What does the MWD represent in Southern California?
A)
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
B)
Metropolitan Waste Disposal Coalition
C)
Metropolitan Waste District of Southern California
D)
Metropolitan Water Dam Project
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A
A(Metropolitan Water District of Southern California).
Source, APA Planning Magazine May 2002, “Drip Drip Drip” by Shigley and Krist, page 7. MWD is looking at nontraditional means of obtaining, moving, and storing water. The MWD was created in 1927 by state legislature to bring water from the Colorado River to Los Angeles and it’s suburbs. It’s engineer’s found the best route for the 242 mile aqueduct.
23
Q
Which body typically considers requests for variances to the zoning standards?
A)
Plan Commission
B)
Citizen Advisory Committee
C)
City Council
D)
Board of Adjustment
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D(Board of Adjustment).
The Board of Adjustment considers requests for variances to the zoning standards of the community. The Board of Adjustment may also consider appeals from administrative actions in some States. A variance is a minor deviation from the specific zoning requirements. Source: “Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners” Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, “Development Regulations” by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 145.
24
Q
Which of the following is a commonly used measure of central tendency?
I. Mode
II. Median
III. Mean
IV. Chi Square
A)
I & II
B)
IV
C)
I, II & III
D)
II & III
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A
C(I, II & III).
The three common measures of central tendency are the mode, the median, and the mean. The mode is the number that occurs most frequently in a data set. The median is the number that is in the middle of a data set when the observations are placed in order. The mean is the average of a data set, calculated by dividing the sum by the number of observations.
Several measures help to describe or characterize a population. For example, a considerable number of measurements tend to congregate somewhere around the middle of the range of population measurements. Hence some “average” measure of the population would be useful. Such information is called a MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDANCY and several of these will be discussed.
Source: Sheffield Hallam University, Distance Learning
25
According to the ITE's "Parking Generation", based on the ranges of generation factors, industrial has a peak space factor of.....
A)
1.0 - 4.0 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of GLA
B)
1.0 - 5.0 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of GLA
C)
0.67 - 3.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of GLA
D)
5.0 - 25.0 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of GLA
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C(0.67 - 3.5 spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of GLA).
Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 159, Figure 6, Ranges of Generation Factors. The source for this table is ITE, "Parking Generation", 2nd edition, 1987.
26
The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination can be described as which of the following?
A)
the permitting system for all air pollution
B)
was created in 1975
C)
the permitting system for all non-point sources of water pollution
D)
the permitting system for all point sources of water pollution
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D(the permitting system for all point sources of water pollution ).
NPDES is the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. It is authorized by the Clean Water Act. The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit program controls water pollution by regulating point sources that discharge pollutants into water. Point sources are discrete conveyances such as pipes or man-made ditches. Individual homes that are connected to a municipal system, use a septic system, or do not have a surface discharge do not need an NPDES permit. However, industrial, municipal, and other facilities must obtain permits if their discharges go directly to surface waters. In most cases, the NPDES permit program is administered by authorized states. Since 1972, the NPDES permit program is responsible for significant improvements to our water quality. Source:http://cfpub.epa.gov
27
This can be described as a mixed use area, that increases pedestrian trips and is close to public spaces...
A)
intersection
B)
edge city
C)
node
D)
nucleus
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C(node ).
Source, Planning Department of Eugene-Springfield Oregon's Draft Transplan.
The concept of "nodal development" has emerged in a variety of local forums as a means to better achieve goals for growth, transportation, and environmental protection.
Nodal development helps increase the percentage of pedestrian, bike, and bus trips and also helps to reduce congestion by decreasing the number and length of trips people choose to make by car.
The draft TransPlan contains the following definition for nodal development:
Nodal Development is mixed-use, pedestrian-friendly land use pattern that seeks to increase concentrations of population and employment in well-defined areas with good transit service, a mix of diverse and compatible land uses, and a public and private improvements designed to be pedestrian and transit oriented. Fundamental characteristics of Nodal Development include:
design elements that support pedestrian environments and encourage transit use, walking, and bicycling. Also,
a transit stop which is pedestrian accessible within approximately 1/4 mile of anywhere in the node;
mixed uses and a core commercial area so that services are available within walking distance.
public spaces, such as parks, public and private open space, and public facilities, which can be reached without driving; and a mix of housing types and residential densities that achieve an overall net density within the medium density range (at least 12 units per net acre).
28
This type of zoning involves superimposing over zoning districts to create additional requirements.
A)
PUD
B)
TDRs
C)
Overlay Zones
D)
Performance Zoning
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C(Overlay Zones).
Zoning districts may be set up into many different ways. 1. Cumulative (or pyramid), this is when permitted uses automatically accumulate from one district to each successive one. In this, the single detached residence is the top. 2)Exclusive classification, allows no uses in districts than the uses for which they were created. An example for this is to stop residential from "taking over" another land use like commercial and then protesting when a commercial use is proposed. 3)Performance Standards, establish objective thresholds and maximum limits of the effects or characteristics of a land use (e.g.: allowable amount of noise). 4)Performance Zoning, regulates the character of the use instead of simply just regulating the use itself. 5)Mixed-Use districts, permitting mixed uses. 6)Planned Unit Developments (PUD), allows a mix of uses and flexibility in design as well as flexibility in density and dimensional requirements. 7) Overlay zones, these add requirements "on top" of zoning districts. 8)Incentive Zoning, cities can use these to encourage development that exceeds the minimum standards. 9)Transferable Development Rights (TDR), allows property owners with limited development rights to buy additional rights from another property owner. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 142-144.
29
Policy Delphi can be defined as which of the following?
A)
a group of citizens who address themselves to proposals through workshop processes
B)
an intensive, interactive problem solving process
C)
a group that is presumed to represent the attitudes and ideas of the local groups
D)
successive rounds of argument and counter argument that work towards a consensus
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D(successive rounds of argument and counter argument that work towards a consensus).
Through successive rounds of argument and counter argument the views of the public, special interest groups, staff, and government work towards a consensus. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Citizen Participation in Planning" by Terry Langlois, AICP, Memphis TN, page 135, Version 2002.
30
According to the Highway Capacity Manual (1994), if a roadway has a "E" service level, which of the following would best describe it?
A)
stable flow, moderate delays, and the speed is determined by traffic
B)
unstable flow, near capacity, limited speed, and very long delays
C)
free flow, high operating speed with no delays
D)
very low speeds, frequent stoppages, volume is greater than capacity
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B(unstable flow, near capacity, limited speed, and very long delays).
Source: "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 156. See Figure 3, Roadway Level of Service Descriptions. Level E is unstable flow, near capacity, limited speed, and very long delays
31
Which of the top 50 US cities had the greatest increase in population from 1990 to 2000?
A)
Houston, Tex.
B)
Phoenix, Ariz.
C)
Miami, Fla.
D)
Las Vegas, Nev.
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D(Las Vegas, Nev.).
Las Vegas, Nev. had a population of 478,434 according to the 2000 census, and a population of 258,295 in the 1990 census. A growth of 220,139 or a percent population change of 85.2%. And a movement from 63 on the list of largest US cities to 32.
Source: http://www.infoplease.com
32
SIC stands for which of the following?
A)
Southern Illinois College
B)
Standard Industrial Component
C)
Standard Industrial Classification
D)
Standard Institutional Classification
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C(Standard Industrial Classification).
SIC stands for Standard Industrial Classification. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Shift-Share Analysis" by Sharon Puryear, AICP, Greensboro, NC, pages 194-196.
33
What is true about State and Federal Grants:
1)available to finance several types of programs
2)Project costs could be completely paid for or a local share may be required
3)may finance streets and sewers
4) may finance airports
A)
1,2,3
B)
1,3,4
C)
1,2,4
D)
All of the above
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D(All of the above).
State and Federal Grants may be used to finance a multitude of projects including roads, airports, sewers, etc... The cost of these projects could be completely covered by the grants or the local government may be required to contribute a portion or share. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Budgeting" by Dale F. Bertsch, AICP, Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1989 Department of City and Regional Planning, pages 199-205.
34
Which of the following can describe an Urban Cluster according to the US Census?
1)a densely settled territory that has at least 2,500 people but less than 50,000
2)new for Census 2000
3)an area consisting of a central place(s) and adjacent territory with a general population density of at least 1,000 people per square mile of land area
4)this land area has a minimum residential population of at least 50,000 people
A)
1,3
B)
1,2
C)
3,4
D)
1,4
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B(1,2).
For the Census 2000, there are two types of urban areas. They are urban clusters and urbanized areas.
An Urban Cluster is a densely settled territory that has at least 2,500 people but less than 50,000 and this is new for Census 2000.
An Urbanized area (UA) is an area consisting of a central place and adjacent territory with a general population density of at least 1,000 people per square mile of land area. This land area has a minimum residential population of at least 50,000 people. The Census Bureau uses published criteria to determine the qualification and boundaries of Urbanized Areas.
Source: http://www.census.gov
35
On average, what percentage will be saved of your cooling costs by closing off air conditioning vents in an unoccupied room?
A)
1-5%
B)
5-10%
C)
10-15%
D)
15-20%
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B(5-10%).
According to Energy Guide, closing off air conditioning vents in an unoccupied room can save 5-10% on your cooling costs.
Source: http://www.energyguide.com
36
What was published in 1909?
A)
Standard State Zoning Enabling Act
B)
Cleveland Group Plan
C)
New York's first comprehensive zoning ordinance
D)
Daniel Burnham's Plan of Chicago
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D(Daniel Burnham's Plan of Chicago ).
1909 - Daniel Burnham's Plan of Chicago was published. First metropolitan plan in the U.S. (Key figures: Frederick A. Delano, Charles Wacker, Charles Dyer Norton.) Source:www.planning.org
37
A salaried city planner has the opportunity to volunteer for another planning organization, what is the proper process for accepting this assignment?
A)
Receive verbal permission to proceed from their current employer.
B)
Make full written disclosure of the conflict to their current employer.
C)
Receive written permission to proceed from their current employer.
D)
Make full written disclosure of the conflict to their current employer AND receive written permission to proceed from their current employer.
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D(Make full written disclosure of the conflict to their current employer AND receive written permission to proceed from their current employer.
).
According to the AICP Code of Ethics, Section B Our Rules of Conduct, 4:
”We shall not, as salaried employers, undertake other employment in planning or a related profession, whether paid or not, without making full written disclosure of the conflict to our current employer and receive written permission to proceed from our current employer unless our employer has a written policy which expressly dispenses with a need to obtain such consent.”
Source: www. Planning.org.
38
Ecoregions can be described as which of the following?
A)
delimit large areas within which local ecosystems reoccur more or less throughout the region in a predictable pattern
B)
created to provide a spatial framework for ecosystem assessment, inventory, research, monitoring, and management
C)
should be thought of as multi-purpose regions, designed to show areas within which the aggregate of all terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem components is different from or less variant than that in other areas
D)
All of the above
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D(All of the above).
Ecoregions are intended to provide a spatial framework for ecosystem assessment, research, inventory, monitoring, and management. These regions delimit large areas within which local ecosystems reoccur more or less throughout the region in a predictable pattern. By observing the behavior of the different kinds of systems within a region it is possible to predict the behavior of an unvisited one.
Ecoregions should be thought of as multi-purpose regions, designed to show areas within which the aggregate of all terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem components is different from or less variant than that in other areas.
Source:http://www.epa.gov
39
Which type of legal survey can use a large tree as a monument?
A)
Metes and Bounds
B)
Rectangular Survey
C)
Lot and Block
D)
Recorded Plat
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A(Metes and Bounds).
The correct answer is Metes and Bounds. It relies on a property’s physical features to determine the boundaries and measurements of the parcel. This type of Survey starts at a point of beginning (POB) and from there, the surveyor moves around the boundary. The boundaries are recorded by referring to linear measurements, directions, as well as natural and artificial landmarks (monuments). Monuments are fixed objects that are used to identify POBs or boundary intersections and can be a stone, river, highway, or iron post. This survey always ends back at the POB. The words “more or less” are used in this type of survey because the location of the monuments is more important than the actual distance stated in the wording. Source: “Modern Real Estate Practice in Illinois” Third Edition, Galaty, Allaway, and Kyle, Chicago, Illinois, 1999, Chapter Nine.
40
Which of the following could best describe the term satisficing?
A)
a method for making a choice from a set of alternatives encountered sequentially when one knows the exact possibilities ahead of time
B)
At the end of a public meeting, if there are not other complaints from the citizens of the community, then it can be said that one was satisficing.
C)
A way to figure the number of a population usually done by a door to door survey
D)
a method for making a choice from a set of alternatives encountered sequentially when one does not know much about the possibilities ahead of time
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D(a method for making a choice from a set of alternatives encountered sequentially when one does not know much about the possibilities ahead of time).
Satisficing is a method for making a choice from a set of alternatives encountered sequentially when one does not know much about the possibilities ahead of time. In such instances, there may be no optimal solution for when to stop searching for further alternatives. Satisficing takes the shortcut of setting an adjustable aspiration level and ending the search for alternatives as soon as one is encountered that exceeds the aspiration level. Source:www.argospress.com
41
An aquifer can be described as which of the following?
A)
an underground bed or stratum of earth, gravel or porous stone that contains water
B)
areas where the fresh water meets salt water
C)
topographic areas where surface water runoff drains to a specific point on a stream or to a water body
D)
None of the above
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A(an underground bed or stratum of earth, gravel or porous stone that contains water ).
An Aquifer is an underground bed or stratum of earth, gravel or porous stone that contains water. Source: http://www.epa.gov
42
Which of the following is true about Canada and Mexico?
A)
They are the second and third largest trading partners of the U.S.
B)
They are not part of any trading body with the U.S.
C)
The U.S.'s largest trading partners
D)
All of the above
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C(The U.S.'s largest trading partners).
Source, APA Planning Magazine February 2002, "New Roads to NAFTA", by Ken Cottrill, page 32. LB Canada and Mexico are the U.S.'s largest trading partners. A business valued at about $653 billion in 2000.
43
According to the Department of Agriculture, how many acres has been developed in the United States each year?
A)
1.2 Million
B)
5.0 million
C)
1.8 Million
D)
2.2 million
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D(2.2 million).
Source, APA Planning Magazine October 2001, "Greening the American Dream?" by Trip Pollard, page 10. According to the Department of Agriculture, development consumed more than 25 million acres in the U.S. between 1982 and 1997, and the pace is quickening. Most recently, an average of 2.2 million acres is developed each year.
44
Which of these cities is known for its greenways and interconnected trails and in January 2003 had approximately 400 miles of interconnected trails.
A)
Jacksonville
B)
Denver
C)
Buffalo
D)
Nashville
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B(Denver).
In January 2003, Metro Denver had well over 400 miles of interconnected trails and greenways and many thousands of acres of protected open space and the system continues to grow.
The term greenway was popularly used by William H. Whyte in the late 1960's.
Greenway can be defined as a major multiuse urban corridor.
The author of the Planning Magazine article, Mr. Robert Searns, says that the greenway concept was probably first applied in Denver, Colorado.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, January 2003, "Happy Trails", by Robert M. Searns, AICP, page 36.
45
What is the term given to a home where the garage is the predominant feature?
A)
Duplex
B)
Snout House
C)
Apartment
D)
Carport
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B(Snout House).
Source, APA Planning Magazine, June 2001, "Love Me, Love My Garage" by Ruth Knack pages 16-19. Snout houses are homes that have the garage in the front closest to the street than the actual residence.
46
What type of land use can be described as those that are allowed only if they are incidental to the principle use?
A)
Special Use
B)
Principle
C)
Accessory
D)
Nonconforming
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C(Accessory).
There are generally three types of categories allowed in permitted land uses, these are described below. 1)Principle uses, these are uses that are allowed by right. 2)Accessory uses, these are land uses that are permitted only if they are incidental to the principle use. 3)Secial uses, these are land uses allowed only by a special review. There is another interesting use called Nonconforming use, these are legally established under the zoning regulations that were in effect at the time of their development and are a result of changes in the zoning ordinance. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 141-142.
47
Which budgeting technique has been used for over fifty years and has stand-alone packages or programs?
A)
CIP
B)
PPBS
C)
Capital Budgeting
D)
PM
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C(Capital Budgeting).
Capital budgeting has been used for over fifty years and uses more sophisticated analysis techniques in the recent years. It has stand-alone packages or programs. Each package describes the what, the cost, who will benefit, and any possible alternatives. The projects can be ranked quickly and objectively. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Budgeting" by Dale F. Bertsch, AICP, Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1989 Department of City and Regional Planning, pages 199-205.
48
Revenue Bonds can be defined as which of the following?
A)
these are often sold for projects that produce no revenue
B)
may result from "earmarked" operational revenues
C)
the taxing power of the jurisdiction is pledged to pay interest upon and retire the debt
D)
these are often sold for projects that produce revenue
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D(these are often sold for projects that produce revenue).
Revenue Bonds are often sold for projects that produce revenue such as sewer systems. They are financed through service charges or fees over the long run. Therefore they are not back by the local jurisdiction by full faith and credit. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Budgeting" by Dale F. Bertsch, AICP, Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1989 Department of City and Regional Planning, pages 199-205.
49
This Conservation Plan covers 9,000 sq. miles of Pima County's desert...
A)
Las Vegas Desert Plan
B)
Conservation Plan for California
C)
Conservation Plan for the Grand Canyon
D)
Sonoran Desert Conservation Plan
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D(Sonoran Desert Conservation Plan).
Source: APA Planning Magazine, March 2002, "Outstanding Planning: A Plan", by Blake Morlock, page 6. The plan has taken conservation planning to the next level by integrating cultural resources, ecosystems, economic growth, with future development. The plan covers the desert expanse of Pima County's 9,000 square miles.
50
Sir Raymond Unwin designed which of the following?
A)
Radburn, NJ
B)
Hampstead Garden
C)
Riverside, IL
D)
All of the above
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B(Hampstead Garden).
Source, www. York.ac.uk. Unwin, Sir Raymond
1863-1940, was an English architect and town planner. He designed the first English garden city near Letchworth, the New Earwick development in Yorkshire, and Hampstead Garden suburb near London. He lectured on housing and city planning at the Univ. of Birmingham (1911-14) and at Columbia Univ. (1936-40). His Town Planning in Practice (1909) is a standard work in its field. Another interesting fact is that Unwin was knighted in 1932.
In 1940 Unwin Died at the summer home of his daughter , Mrs. Curtice Hitchcock at Old Lyme, Connecticut on June 28th at the age of 76.
51
In many ways, ____________looks a great deal like orthodox planning. Its goals include environmental protection, economic vitality, social equity, and a high quality of life including pedestrian- and transit-oriented development, controls on sprawl, diverse housing choices, a compact mix of uses, protection of agricultural and environmental resources, high-quality public services, and adequate infrastructure.
A)
Rational Planning
B)
Brownfield Planning
C)
New Urbanism
D)
Smart Growth Planning
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D(Smart Growth Planning).
Source, APA Journal, Summer 2002, "The New Regionalism" by Stephen Wheeler, page 269. By the mid 1990's there was concern about growth management, and a national movement sometimes called "smart growth" had grown. This growth management effort raised questions of regional planning, since because there was an absence of regional coordination, initiatives by local jurisdictions could be undercut by neighboring communities.
52
The trend of corporate sponsorship in the US, can best be described by which of the following?
A)
It is declining
B)
It is increasing
C)
It is remaining constant
D)
It is not even a factor for planners to consider
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B(It is increasing).
Corporate sponsorships are on the rise in the US, due to many factors including providing companies, cities, and others with much needed revenue. The Planning Magazine article focuses on how one should be mindful of the sponsorship especially when it comes to schools and children.
Wrigley Field was the first corporate sponsorship in 1926, named after William Wrigley, Jr. the team owner and chewing gum magnate.
Rich Stadium was the first pure naming rights deal, Rich Stadium in Buffalo, 1973, the Rich Corporation paid $1.5 million.
Pizza Hut paid $1 million to put its logo on the Russian Proton-K rocket in 2000.
In 1997 Colorado Springs School District signed an agreement with Coca-cola requiring the district to sell 70,000 cases of soda a year.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, November 2001, "The Market Rules" by George Homsy, page 10.
53
The law case, Young v. American Minitheatres dealt with which of the following issues?
A)
Signage
B)
Adult Uses
C)
Takings
D)
Impact Fees
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B(Adult Uses).
Two adult motion picture theaters brought this action against city officials for injunctive relief and a declaratory judgment of unconstitutionality regarding two 1972 Detroit zoning ordinances that amended an "Anti-Skid Row Ordinance" adopted 10 years earlier. The 1972 ordinances provide that an adult theater may not (apart from a special waiver) be located within 1,000 feet of any two other "regulated uses" or within 500 feet of a residential area. The District Court upheld the ordinances, and granted petitioners' motion for summary judgment. It was found that the ordinances do not violate the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment on the ground of vagueness. Also, The ordinances are not invalid under the First Amendment as prior restraints on protected communication because of the licensing or zoning requirements. Source: www.www2.law.cornell.edu
54
What was the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California created in 1927 for?
A)
to dam the Colorado River
B)
to bring water from the Colorado River to Los Angeles and it's suburbs
C)
To create a deep well for pumping up drinking water
D)
To sell water at a subsidized rate to residents of LA
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B(to bring water from the Colorado River to Los Angeles and it's suburbs ).
Source, APA Planning Magazine May 2002, "Drip Drip Drip" by Shigley and Krist, page 7. MWD is looking at nontraditional means of obtaining, moving, and storing water. The MWD was created in 1927 by state legislature to bring water from the Colorado River to Los Angeles and it's suburbs. It's engineer's found the best route for the 242 mile aqueduct.
55
What is the SR2S?
A)
The Federal governments proposed plan to implement GIS and GPS nationwide on school buses by 2009
B)
The San Francisco Light Rail Line
C)
Safe Routes to School Initiative
D)
A report that discusses the Rational Comprehensive Model
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C(Safe Routes to School Initiative ).
The Safe Routes to School Initiative is an attempt to overcome the physical and psychological barriers between school and home and give children more freedom to a healthier lifestyle.
According to the Federal Highway Administration in 1969 about half of all children ages 5 to 18 either biked or walked to school. By 2001, close to 85% of all children between 5 and 15 were either driven to school by a bus or by a parent.
The reasons are because the journey between school and the home has become longer and much more dangerous due to the auto-orientated suburbanization.
Source: APA Planning Magazine May 2003, "Planning Safe Routes to School" by Bruce S. Appleyard, AICP, page 34.
56
In the United States in the 1990's where was the greatest increase in both obesity and suburban growth?
A)
West Coast
B)
East Coast
C)
South
D)
Mid West
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C(South).
Source, APA Planning Magazine, June 2001, "Fat City's" by Christine Kreyling, pages 4-9. A summary of this article can be found in the "Other Resources" section of this site.
57
Which book was written by Charles E. Lindblom?
A)
Urban Planning Society Policy (1968)
B)
The Intelligence of Democracy (1965)
C)
City Planning Process (1965)
D)
The Urban General Plan (1964)
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B(The Intelligence of Democracy (1965)).
In this book, Lindblom writes against the basic assumption that central control is necessary in a democracy. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Planning History Summary" by John M. Janson, AICP, PDO, Utah Chapter, APA, West Valley City, UT., page 80.
58
Which of the following are key points for Planned Unit Developments (PUDS)?
1) a mixture of uses
2) creativity in design
3) flexibility in density
4) strict adherence to dimensional requirements as required in the underlying zoning.
A)
1 only
B)
4 only
C)
1,2,3
D)
All of the above
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C(1,2,3).
Planned Unit Developments (PUD), allow for a mix of uses and flexibility in design as well as flexibility in density and dimensional requirements.
Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 142-144.
59
Environmental indicators are...
1)scientific measurements that track environmental conditions over time
2)an asset to measure the state of our air, water and land resources, the pressures on them, and the resulting effects on ecological and human health
3)a way to show the EPA's progress in making the water and air cleaner, and in protecting the natural environment.
A)
1 only
B)
2 only
C)
1,2
D)
All of the above
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D(All of the above).
Environmental indicators are scientific measurements that track environmental conditions over time.
Indicators help measure the state of our air, water and land resources, the pressures on them, and the resulting effects on ecological and human health.
Indicators show our progress in making the air cleaner, the water purer, and in protecting our land. Source: http://www.epa.gov/indicate/
60
Which Act was adopted in 1972?
1. Federal Water Pollution Control Act
2. Federal Aid Highway Act
3. ISTEA
4. Coastal Zone Management Act
A)
All of the above
B)
1
C)
2
D)
1 and 4
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D(1 and 4).
The CZMA was adopted in 1972. Among the 50 states and five territories in the U.S., 35 are coastal. As of January 1998, 32 of the 35 adopted coastal plans under the federal Coastal Zone Management Act. In this program, the states and territories map their waterfront areas and identify ways to control land uses.
Source: www.planning.org
Also, adopted in 1972 was the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (CLEAN WATER ACT) 33 U.S.C. §§ 1251-1387, October 18, 1972.
61
Who is credited with the following quote? "Make no little plans; they have no magic to stir men's blood and probably will not be realized. Make big plans; aim high in hope and work, remember that a noble, logical diagram once recorded will never die, but long after we are gone will be a living thing, asserting itself with ever-growing insistency"?
A)
Jacob Riis
B)
Ebenezer Howard
C)
Lewis Mumford
D)
Daniel Burnham
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D(Daniel Burnham).
Daniel Burnham is credited with this full quote regarding plans, "Make no little plans; they have no magic to stir men's blood and probably will not be realized. Make big plans; aim high in hope and work, remember that a noble, logical diagram once recorded will never die, but long after we are gone will be a living thing, asserting itself with ever-growing insistency. Remember that our sons and grandsons are going to do things that would stagger us. Let your watchword be order and your beacon beauty."
Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Planning History Summary" by John M. Janson, AICP, PDO, Utah Chapter, APA, West Valley City, UT., page 86.
62
Which of the following best describes the Gold Line?
A)
LA's new light rail line
B)
LA's new water pipe
C)
LA's new high end residential strip
D)
LA's new electronic tollway system
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A(LA's new light rail line).
The Gold Line is Los Angeles's new light rail line.
Source: APA Planning Magazine May 2003, "How to Make Transit-Orientated Development Work" by Jeffrey Tumlin and Adam Millard-Ball, page 15.
The LA to Pasadena Metro Construction Authority was formed in 1999 to design and build a light rail line using the most modern mass transit vehicles from Union Station in Los Angeles to the Sierra Madre Villa Avenue station in Pasadena (Phase I), a distance of 13.7 miles. Phase I of the project was fully funded with state and local money at the beginning of construction and used the design - build method to deliver the project on time and under budget. Phase I opened to the public July 26, 2003.
Phase II will serve the cities of Pasadena, Arcadia, Monrovia, Duarte, Irwindale, Azusa, Glendora, San Dimas, La Verne, Pomona, Claremont and Montclair. A trip from Montclair to downtown Pasadena would take a little over 40 minutes and to Los Angeles would take approximately 75 minutes. Light rail will assist with the planning goals of redistributing growth and strengthening established downtowns in the Foothill communities. The Line will offer shorter commuting trips, increased energy savings (1.5 million gallons of gasoline each year) and reduced levels of pollution (4 tons of carbon monoxide).
Over 2003 and 2004, the objective of the Authority, cooperation with cities along the alignment, is to prepare a draft Environmental Impact Statement and meet the requirements for the federal government to approve entering into Preliminary Engineering on the project. If that approval is secured in 2004, construction could start as early as 2006 with some service to the public beginning in 2009.
Source: http://www.la-pasblueline.org/projectphase2.htm
63
In 2001, households earning less than $14,000 per year spent nearly 40% percent of their income on ___________________?
A)
Transportation
B)
Housing
C)
Food
D)
All of the above
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A(Transportation).
Households earning less than $14,000 per year spent nearly 40% of their income on transportation. Today, the average car costs more than $6,000 per year to own and operate, but even the least expensive car can cost $3,000 per year in insurance, fuel, repairs, and other miscellaneous expenses.
Source: Multifamily Trends - Winter 2005 - Features
The Match Game: Bringing Together Affordable Housing and Transit Villages: By Marilee Utter
Source: http://www.uli.org/
64
What can be defined as a liquid formed by water percolating through a landfill?
A)
Sludge
B)
Landfill Waste
C)
Leachate
D)
None of the above
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C(Leachate).
Leachate can be defined as a liquid formed by water percolating through soil or soluble waste as in a landfill.
Source: www.uwsp.edu
65
The 1966 Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act....
1)was part of President Johnson's "Great Society" program
2)started the "Model Cities" program
3)included a historic preservation portion
4)placed millions of dollars into public transportation
A)
1,2,3
B)
1,2
C)
1,3
D)
All of the above
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A(1,2,3).
In 1966 the Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act launched the "model cities" program, an interdisciplinary attack on urban blight and poverty. A centerpiece of President Lyndon Johnson's "Great Society" program. Source: www.planning.org
66
Which of the following are (is) true about the Tennessee Valley Authority:
1)It was created in 1944
2) Example of River-basin planning
3) involved rehab and redevelopment of the Tennessee Valley
4) Senator George Norris was a key figure.
A)
All of the above
B)
2,3,4
C)
None of the above
D)
1,2
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B(2,3,4).
The TVA was created in 1933 to provide for the unified and multipurpose rehabilitation and redevelopment of the Tennessee Valley. It is America's most famous experiment in river-basin planning. Senator George Norris of Nebraska fathered the idea, and David Lilienthal was its most effective implementer, built more than just dams.
Some of the results were that it provided low-cost electrical power to the people and industries of a whole river valley, deepened the river channel for navigation, created recreational sites, and reduced flooding.
Source: www.planning.org
67
In financing and budgeting, what can be described as, "local governments preparing the specifications for a needed public works project that is than constructed by the private sector and leased to the local government, eventually becoming the governments"?
A)
Reserve Funds
B)
Special Assessments
C)
Lease-Purchase
D)
Revenue Bonds
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C(Lease-Purchase).
Lease-Purchase can be described as local governments preparing the specifications for a needed public works project that is than constructed by the private sector. After construction is complete, the local government then leases the facility from the private group. At the end of the lease term the facility is given to the local government. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Budgeting" by Dale F. Bertsch, AICP, Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1989 Department of City and Regional Planning, pages 199-205.
68
What is the name of the requirement that involves a detailed process of zoning conformance?
A)
Rezoning
B)
Nexus
C)
Consistency
D)
Zoning
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C(Consistency).
In some states, including Florida, California, and Oregon, regarding rezonings, the enabling law has changed to limit the legislative discretion of the local government. Local government in these cases must adopt a comprehensive plan and have development regulations that go along with it. this is called the consistency requirement. It involves a detailed process of zoning conformance. Rezonings must fit with the comprehensive plan. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 146.
69
Which of the following would BEST describe a scatter graph?
A)
a way to spread out zoning of different land uses throughout a city
B)
a statistical diagram drawn to compare two sets of data.
C)
a diagram that is used to schedule project timelines and completion dates
D)
a diagram that shows the GPS coordinates of a municipality and it's boundaries.
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B(a statistical diagram drawn to compare two sets of data. ).
A scatter graph is a statistical diagram drawn to compare two sets of data. It can be used to look for connections or a correlation between the two sets of data. Source: http://www.tta.gov.uk
70
In 2000, 80.3% of Americans lived in these areas?
A)
metropolitan
B)
cities
C)
regional
D)
rural
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A(metropolitan).
In 2000, 80.3% of Americans or 226 million people lived in metropolitan areas, up slightly from 79.8% or 198.4 million people in 1990. Source: http://www.infoplease.com
71
In an energy efficient home, one may find that they have a water system that is a gravity feed system, approximately how many feet should the water storage be above the point of use?
A)
the same level
B)
20 feet
C)
50 feet
D)
70 feet
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D(70 feet).
A smaller well pump will generally use less electricity because the electrical surge of starting the motor is smaller. Consider gravity feed for pressure where applicable. For a gravity feed system, the water storage must be at least 70 feet above the point of use, and be insulated from freezing where this may occur. Source:http://www.planetarysystems.com
72
Sampling can be defined as:
A)
Making statements about a population based only on a part of the population.
B)
Making assumptions about the population based on a comparative review of the previous 2 census'.
C)
Making statements about a population based on the entire population.
D)
Measuring traffic flow from a commercial use.
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A(Making statements about a population based only on a part of the population.).
A sample is a subset of a population. Many populations are too large to measure, or cannot be measured. Consequently statistics relies on sampling and using information from the sample to make inferences about the population. Caution should be taken when determining a sample to represent the entire population.
Source: Terry Sincich, Statistics By Example, MacMillan Publishing, 1993.
73
What would be the size of this property?
The S1/2 of the NW1/4 of the SE1/4 of Section 12., Township 8 North, Range 6 West of the Fourth Principal Meridian.
A)
10 acres
B)
20 acres
C)
40 acres
D)
80 acres
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B(20 acres).
To determine the location and size of a property in this method, start at the end and work backward to the beginning reading from right to left. After locating Section12, divide the section into quarters. Then divide the SE1/4 into quarters, and then the NW1/4 of that into halves. The S1/2 of that NW1/4 contains the property here. For the size, the SE1/4 of the Section is 640 acres divided by 4 which is 160 acres. The NW1/4 of the quarter section contains 160 divided by 4 which is 40 acres, and the S1/2 of the quarter is 40 acres divided by 2, which of course is 20. Source: “Modern Real Estate Practice in Illinois” Third Edition, Galaty, Allaway, and Kyle, Chicago, Illinois, 1999, Chapter Nine.
74
Relating to a public planning agency, which of the following deals primarily with the provision of general services?
A)
Staff function
B)
City Manager
C)
Line function
D)
Planning Commission
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A(Staff function).
Staff functions deal with general services such as providing information or services to the Line units. Relating to a public planning agency, Line Functions deal primarily with direct services such as police and fire services. It should be noted that Public Planning involves both line and staff functions. Source: "Management and Organization of Planning" by Louise Mercuro, AICP, page 104, from the "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP)", 2002 version, Chapter Presidents Council.
75
What is the definition of attenuation?
A)
the sustained flow in a stream that comes from groundwater discharge or seepage
B)
water that travels through the zone of aeration during or immediately after a precipitation event and discharges into a body of water
C)
the saturated zone immediately above the water table where saturation is maintained by capillary tension
D)
the soil's ability to reduce the severity of groundwater contamination
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D(the soil's ability to reduce the severity of groundwater contamination ).
Attenuation is the soil's ability to lessen the amount of, or reduce the severity of groundwater contamination. During attenuation, the soil holds essential plant nutrients for uptake by agronomic crops. The soil also removes bacteria contained in animal or human wastes.
Source: www.uwsp.edu
76
Riparian Rights can best be described as which one of these answers?
A)
Entitlement of a land owner to certain uses of the land below and the air above his/her property
B)
Entitlement of a land owner to certain uses of water on or bordering his/her property
C)
These are regulations put on a home at the time of purchase (e.g.: subdivision rules on paint color of the home)
D)
None of the above
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B(Entitlement of a land owner to certain uses of water on or bordering his/her property ).
Riparian Rights deal with the entitlement of a land owner to certain uses of water on or bordering his/her property, including the right to prevent diversion or misuse of upstream waters and is generally a matter of state law. Source:http://www.epa.gov/bioindicators/aquatic/glossary.html
77
The first Earth Day occurred on....
A)
April 22, 1969
B)
April 22, 1970
C)
April 22, 1971
D)
April 22, 1972
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B(April 22, 1970).
The first "Earth Day," was on April 22, 1970. 20 million Americans took to the streets, parks, and auditoriums to demonstrate for a healthy, sustainable environment. Denis Hayes was the national coordinator of several coast-to-coast rallies. Thousands of colleges and universities organized protests against the deterioration of the environment. Groups that had been fighting against oil spills, polluting factories and power plants, raw sewage, toxic dumps, pesticides, freeways, the loss of wilderness, and the extinction of wildlife suddenly realized they shared common values. Source: www.earthday.net However, the American Planning Association website states that the first Earth Day was on January 1, 1970. If this is in fact the correct date please let us know.
78
Accessory uses can be described as which of the following?
A)
permitted only if they are incidental to the principle use
B)
allowed by right
C)
allowed only by a special review
D)
legally established under the zoning regulations that were in effect at the time of their development
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A(permitted only if they are incidental to the principle use).
There are generally three types of categories allowed in permitted land uses, these are described below. 1)Principle uses, these are uses that are allowed by right. 2)Accessory uses, these are land uses that are permitted only if they are incidental to the principle use. 3)Secial uses, these are land uses allowed only by a special review. There is another interesting use called Nonconforming use, these are legally established under the zoning regulations that were in effect at the time of their development and are a result of changes in the zoning ordinance. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 141-142.
79
According to the Federal Highway Administration's "Concepts, Criteria, and Procedures", local streets can be described as...
A)
providing direct access to the adjacent land and access to the higher classified roads
B)
providing both traffic circulation and land access with all land uses by collecting and distributing traffic to these geographic areas
C)
serving longer trips, carrying the highest traffic volumes, and a large percentage of the VMT on a minimum amount of mileage while providing minimal land access.
D)
providing less mobility and a moderate amount of land access, distributing travel to smaller areas, while interconnecting the major roads
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A(providing direct access to the adjacent land and access to the higher classified roads).
Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 155. See Figure One, Urban Systems. Local Streets can be described as providing direct access to the adjacent land and access to the higher classified roads.
80
What year was the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) passed?
A)
1989
B)
1991
C)
1995
D)
1970
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B(1991).
In 1991, the Passage of Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA) was passed. It includes provisions for a National Scenic Byways Program and for transportation enhancements, each of which includes a historic preservation component. Source:www.planning.org
81
What is the size of a standard stall for a full size car in a parking structure?
A)
7 feet by 18 - 20 feet
B)
9 feet by 18 - 20 feet
C)
9 feet by 14 - 18 feet
D)
9 feet by 17 - 18 feet
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B(9 feet by 18 - 20 feet).
According to Richard Rich and Michael Moukalian in "Dimensions of Parking", in the chapter on the Design Structure, full size cars require stalls from 9 feet in width to 18 and 20 feet in length, while smaller cars can fit in 7.5 to 8 feet by 15-16 feet in length. Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 159.
82
Metromedia v. City of San Diego dealt with which of the following issues?
A)
banning commercial off-site billboards and therefore dealt with the Fifth Amendment of the United States
B)
banning commercial off-site billboards and therefore dealt with the First Amendment of the United States
C)
The zoning of adult theaters
D)
banning commercial off-site billboards and therefore dealt with the 14th Amendment of the United States
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B(banning commercial off-site billboards and therefore dealt with the First Amendment of the United States).
The City of San Diego enacted an ordinance which imposes prohibitions on the erection of outdoor advertising displays within the city. The purpose of the ordinance is "to eliminate hazards to pedestrians and motorists brought about by distracting sign displays" and "to preserve and improve the appearance of the City." The ordinance permits on-site commercial advertising, but forbids other commercial advertising and noncommercial advertising using fixed-structure signs, unless permitted by 1 of the ordinance's 12 specified exceptions, such as temporary political campaign signs. The companies that were engaged in the outdoor advertising business in the city when the ordinance was passed, brought suit in state court against the ordinance. The trial court held that the ordinance was an unconstitutional exercise of the city's police power and an abridgment of appellants' First Amendment rights. The California Court of Appeal affirmed, but the California Supreme Court reversed, holding, inter alia, that the ordinance was not invalid under the First Amendment. Source: www2.law.cornell.edu
83
Which of the following is the 2006 APA supertopic?
A)
Safe Growth America
B)
Housing Choice and Affordability
C)
The benefit of Parks and Open Space
D)
Effictive Transportation Systems
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B(Housing Choice and Affordability).
APA launched its 2006 supertopic, Housing Choice and Affordability at the 2006 National Planning Conference in San Antonio.
The realization of safe, decent, affordable housing is becoming increasingly difficult for more and more individuals and families. A growing proportion of middle-income households are facing housing affordability problems, particularly where they cannot afford to live in or near the communities in which they work.
Housing Choice and Affordability will identify and examine the most innovative planning efforts for providing and preserving a diversity of housing options for every member of a community. APA will focus its publications, research initiatives, and training opportunities on the complex intersection of planning and housing throughout 2006.
Source: www.planning.org.
84
What Law was the legislative basis for the revision of city codes that outlawed tenements such as the "Dumbbell Tenement"?
A)
New York State Tenement House Law 1867
B)
New York State Tenement House Law 1879
C)
New York State Tenement House Law 1887
D)
New York State Tenement House Law 1901
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D(New York State Tenement House Law 1901 ).
In 1901 the New York State Tenement House Law was created. The legislative basis for the revision of city codes that outlawed tenements such as the "Dumbbell Tenement." Lawrence Veiller was the leading reformer. Source: www.planning.org
85
What was the first historic preservation commission in the United States?
A)
New York City Historic Commission
B)
Boston Historic Commission
C)
Vieux Carre Commission
D)
Chicago Historic Commission
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C(Vieux Carre Commission ).
1921 - New Orleans designates the Vieux Carre Commission, the first historic preservation commission in the U.S. Source:www.planning.org
86
Watersheds can be described as which of the following?
A)
topographic areas where surface water runoff drains to a specific point on a stream or to a water body
B)
an underground bed or stratum of earth, gravel or porous stone that contains water
C)
areas where the fresh water meets salt water
D)
None of the above
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A(topographic areas where surface water runoff drains to a specific point on a stream or to a water body ).
Watersheds are topographic areas within which apparent surface water runoff drains to a specific point on a stream or to a water body such as a lake. Large watersheds are commonly termed basins (e.g., the Colorado River Basin or the Susquehanna River Basin).
Source:http://www.epa.gov
87
Tonight you are to present before City Council a report that speaks about the economic impact a proposed land fill would have on the community. Your report supports the land fill based upon the data that your staff has prepared and analyzed. Prior to the meeting, a Council person approaches you. This particular Council person was elected with the platform of not supporting the land fill. He asks that you go against your findings because he sees the numbers differently. You know from all of your work that this is not true and that it is a wrong way of looking at the data. Just before the meeting starts, hundreds of protestors march in against the land fill. Which of the following is the BEST option for you?
A)
You realize the effect that this Council person could have on your career at the City, you change your recommendation at the meeting to go against the data and the land fill.
B)
You realize that the community is showing strong support against the land fill, and even though your responsibility was to provide economic effects, you decide to change your stance against the land fill.
C)
You and your staff are responsible for providing the Council, with clear and accurate data, they are the decision makers, you should continue to present your report as planned.
D)
You are not sure now on what you should do, so you ask to pull the report from the agenda and go back to the drawing board with your staff to alter the data to support not building the land fill.
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C(You and your staff are responsible for providing the Council, with clear and accurate data, they are the decision makers, you should continue to present your report as planned.).
The BEST option is Answer C, your task was to present a report based on economic facts that showed if there would be a economic benefit for the land fill to be located in the City or not. Answer A would have you going against the data and therefore not presenting clear or accurate data. Answer B would have you changing your stance based upon the hundreds of protestors that showed up to show their support against the land fill. As stated earlier, your report was based on economics, and it is up to Council to weigh all of the facts. Answer D, would have you changing your analysis away from what the data clearly says, this obviously is the wrong thing to do in this case.
Source: "Professional Practice Manual" by Les Solin, AICP, American Planning Association, Washington, DC, Chicago, IL, 1997, page 10.
88
What type of organizational approach has the planner serving a specific client of group and doing so openly?
A)
Fishbowl Planning
B)
Alinsky Organization
C)
Advocacy Planning
D)
Ladder of Citizen Participation
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C(Advocacy Planning).
Advocacy Planning has an assumption that there is no common, overall, or identified public interest to be served. But instead the planner serves a variety of groups with often diverse and opposing interests and goals. A planner should serve a given group (client) and do so openly. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Citizen Participation in Planning" by Terry Langlois, AICP, Memphis TN, page 137.
89
Who was responsible for drafting the Standard State Zoning Enabling Act?
A)
Daniel Burnham
B)
Homer Hoyt
C)
Robert Moses
D)
Edward Basset
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D(Edward Basset).
"The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act was drafted by a group of planning lawyers headed by Edward Basset, who had also developed the zoning code for New York City. The Act was published and distributed as an information piece by the U.S. Department of Commerce in 1922 and again, in slightly revised form, in 1926. All fifty states ultimately adopted the model zoning act in basically its original form, which is remarkable record for any model law. It remains in effect in the same form in all but half a dozen states, and even those that have changed the law have retained many key elements of the original."
So, Frank and Getzels, Judith. The Practice of Local Government Planning, 2nd Edition. International City/County Management Association (ICMA). 1988. Page 252.
90
What State was the first to adopt statewide zoning?
A)
New York
B)
California
C)
Illinois
D)
Hawaii
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D(Hawaii).
In 1961, Hawaii became the first state to institute statewide zoning. On some parts of the APA website it also states that Hawaii is the first state to adopt state wide planning as well. I am not sure if they mean this to be the same or not, but I would just keep this in mind that Hawaii was the first to do state wide (either zoning or planning) if it is ever asked on the exam. Source: www.planning.org
91
In California, SCAG is?
A)
Southern California Association of Georeferencing
B)
Southern California Association of Geography
C)
Southern California Association of Governments
D)
Southern California Association of Greenways
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C(Southern California Association of Governments).
Source: APA Planning Magazine, February 2002, "The Inland Empire Strikes Back" by Fulton and Shigley, page 12. In 2002, the six-county Southern California Association of Governments issued a report called the New Economy and Jobs/Housing Balance in Southern California.
92
Environmental Impact Statements must address how many "big" questions?
A)
3
B)
5
C)
4
D)
10
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B(5).
These are the "big" five questions. (i) the environmental impact of the proposed action,
(ii) any adverse environmental effects which cannot be avoided should the proposal be implemented,
(iii) alternatives to the proposed action,
(iv) the relationship between local short-term uses of man's environment and the maintenance and enhancement of long-term productivity, and
(v) any irreversible and irretrievable commitments of resources which would be involved in the proposed action should it be implemented.
Source: The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969
93
In 2000, it is estimated that there was this many people per square mile living in the United States.
A)
60.6
B)
79.6
C)
99.6
D)
16.6
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B(79.6).
In 2000, it was estimated that there were 281,421,906 living in the United States on 3,537,441 square miles. Therefore, 79.6 people per square mile.
Source: http://www.infoplease.com
94
What is a Wind Farm?
A)
An agricultural business
B)
Greenhouses
C)
Clusters of wind turbines
D)
Fields that are planted east to west
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C(Clusters of wind turbines).
The most common commercial use of wind power today is for running turbines that generate electricity. Wind turbines are often set up in clusters, called wind farms, and the electricity generated is fed into the grid.
Source:http://www.energyguide.com
95
__________ is a software-based simulation model for integrated planning and analysis of urban development that incorporates the interactions between land use, transportation, and public policy. It can be used by Metropolitan Planning Organizations to interface existing travel models with new land use forecasting and analysis capabilities.
A)
UrbanSim
B)
GIS
C)
AutoCad
D)
GPS
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A(UrbanSim).
Metro areas are working hard to respond to federal mandates to link the planning of land use, environment, transportation, sprawl, citizen involvement, open space, affordable homes, and congestion. Older planning models used by most Metropolitan areas have difficulty addressing and measuring these issues. UrbanSim is a new model system that was developed to respond to these emerging requirements.
Source, APA Journal Summer 2002, Vol. 68, No. 3. "UrbanSim" by Paul Waddell, page 297. Eugene-Springfield, Oregon.
96
Which of the following represents the trend that is occurring across the country relating to landfills?
A)
The number of landfills is increasing
B)
The number of landfills has remained constant
C)
The number of landfills is decreasing
D)
The number of landfills is expected to increase by almost double
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C(The number of landfills is decreasing).
According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, the total number of landfills across the country has decreased from 8,000 to 2,500.
This is because of the fact that many cities are closing local landfills due to the high costs of complying with environmental regulations. Another reason is that increasingly, a mobilized citizenry speaks up loudly against living near a landfill.
A result of this trend, New York City for the first time ever, will export all of it's waste.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, November 2001, "Reprieve for Fresh Kills" by Andrew Friedman, page 4.
97
If you have a population, and you have every measurement of that population, which statistical methodology could best help you describe the data?
I. Inferential Statistics
II. Demographic Statistics
III. Descriptive Statistics
IV. Mathematical Regression
A)
I
B)
I & III
C)
III
D)
II & IV
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C(III).
Descriptive statistics is the branch of statistics devoted to the organization, summarization, and description of data sets. This would include analyzing data from a survey or census. Inferential statistics is the branch of statistics concerned with using sample data to make inferences or assumptions about a population.
Source: Terry Sincich, Statistics By Example, MacMillan Publishing, 1993.
98
What is a metropolitan area?
A)
a city plus it's adjacent communities to which it is linked by major transportation routes
B)
a city plus it's adjacent communities that are within the same county
C)
a city plus it's adjacent communities to which it is linked economically
D)
None of the above
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C(a city plus it's adjacent communities to which it is linked economically).
A metropolitan area is a city plus it's adjacent communities to which it is linked economically. Source: http://www.infoplease.com
99
Which of the following best describes Harlem Piers?
A)
Redevelopment project along the Hudson River
B)
The project is turning open space into residential and commercial space
C)
The City is not involved in the project, it is entirely the community funding the construction.
D)
All of the above
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A(Redevelopment project along the Hudson River ).
In 2003, New York City began to redevelop the uninviting portion of riverfront, known as Harlem Piers, into a park and recreation area that officials hope will bring needed open space into the area. It will also reconnect the neighborhood with its waterfront, and hopefully attract businesses and investment in West Harlem. Long time Harlem residents say that it is about time that their neighborhood got this kind of attention.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, April 2003, "Riverfront Revival" by Michael Markowitz, page 36.
100
Relating to an internal planning agency organization, which of the following could be described as being organized around the time it takes to complete the basic functions?
A)
Organization by Function
B)
Organization by Process
C)
Organization by Geographic Area
D)
Organization by Time Frame
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D(Organization by Time Frame).
There are four organizational structures that are most commonly used. Organization by Function (organized around the basic functions of urban decision making such as land use, and transportation) Organization by Process (organized around the basic skills in a planning agency such as research, and design) Organization by Time Frame (organized around the time it takes to complete the basic functions such as long range, and current planning). Organized by Geographic Area (organized around the physical areas of responsibility of the agency). Source: "Management and Organization of Planning" by Louise Mercuro, AICP, page 108, from the "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP)", 2002 version, Chapter Presidents Council.
101
What case dealt with the use of performance criteria as a means of slowing development in the community?
A)
Nollan v. California Coastal Commission
B)
Golden v. Planning Board of Ramapo 1972
C)
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council 1992
D)
Dolan v. City of Tigard 1994
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B(Golden v. Planning Board of Ramapo 1972).
In the 1972 case of Golden v. Planning Board of Ramapo, New York high court allows the use of performance criteria as a means of slowing community growth. Source:www.planning.org
102
Which of the following represents a technique used by a planner for primary data collection?
I) Survey Research
II) Direct Measurement
III) Observation
IV) Census Data
A)
IV, III
B)
I, II, III
C)
I
D)
All of the above
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B(I, II, III).
Primary data is data collected first hand, directly by the planner, directly from the subjects under study. Survey research, direct measurement, and observation are the three main techniques associated with primary research. Using census data represents secondary research, that is compiling and analyzing data that has already been collected. Source: Rea & Parker, Designing and Conducting Survey Research . Josey Bass Publishing. 1992.
103
What do many consider Frederick Law Olmsted's greatest example of a planned community?
A)
Central Park, New York
B)
Belle Isle, Michigan
C)
Atlanta, Georgia
D)
Riverside, Illinois
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D(Riverside, Illinois).
Riverside Illinois has been considered the best example of Olmsted's idea of how suburbs should look. Riverside is a 1,600 acre community along the Des Plaines River west of Chicago, Illinois.
Olmsted and Vaux took 2 years planning in, beginning in 1868. The idea was to secure enough space for recreation and to make sure that there were scenic areas available to all residents. To accomplish this, he preserved the floodplain and the river banks as well as two open areas of upland.
The first act of construction was a shaded parkway to connect Riverside to Chicago. Also, Olmsted paid attention to the inner roads of the community making them as scenic as possible. He designed streets that followed the curve of the land and eased the grade of the slopes to fit his plans. He also avoided all uses of right angle intersections to create more public space, which was pleasing to him. He also decided that the areas between public streets and houses was private land with a public function and it was the transitional area between public and private.
In the end, only 1000 acres of the land was developed, which meant the loss of one of the large open spaces that was envisioned.
Source: fredericklawolmsted.com
Of the answers given above, all were completed by Olmsted and although Central Park may be more famous, it is not a planned community.
104
Which book did Jane Jacobs write?
A)
American Skyline
B)
The Intelligence of Democracy
C)
The Death and Life of Great American Cities
D)
How the Other Half Lives
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C(The Death and Life of Great American Cities ).
The Death and Life of Great American Cities forced readers to rethink urban renewal and other contemporary tools of city building. It is said that the book has also inspired two generations of planners. Jane Jacobs lived in New York City when the book was published (and drew many of her conclusions from observing its old neighborhoods); she lived in Toronto, Ontario, Canada until her death in 2007.
Source: www.planning.org
105
This can be described as the value of a distribution that has the most occurring frequency.
A)
Mean
B)
Median
C)
Mode
D)
Range
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C(Mode).
The following are definitions used in quantitative methods. The "mean" is the average of a series of numbers. The "median" is the value of a distribution which divides the distribution into two equal parts. The "Mode" is the value of a distribution that has the most occurring frequency. The "Range" is the difference between the lowest and highest score. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Quantitative Methods" pages 162-164.
106
These can be defined as topographic areas where surface water runoff drains to a specific point on a stream or to a water body.
A)
ecosystems
B)
watersheds
C)
drainage ditches
D)
detention basins
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B(watersheds).
Watersheds are topographic areas within which apparent surface water runoff drains to a specific point on a stream or to a water body such as a lake. Source:http://www.epa.gov
107
Which is NOT true....
1) approximately 56 million acres of land are held in trust for Native American tribes and individuals
2) There are approximately 95 Federally recognized tribes
3) for reservations not on trust land, the Secretary of the Interior serves as trustee
A)
1
B)
2
C)
3
D)
All of the above
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B(2).
There are more than 562 Federally recognized Tribes in the United States, including 223 village groups in Alaska. "Federally recognized" means these tribes and groups have a special and legal relationship with the U.S. government. This relationship is referred to as a government-to-government relationship.
Source:http://www.lvccld.org
According to the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA); which is responsible for the administration and management of 55.7 million acres of land held in trust by the United States for American Indians, Indian tribes, and Alaska Natives. The BIA says that there are 562 federal recognized tribal governments in the United States.
Source:http://endangered.fws.gov
108
What is the width of a standard stall in a surface lot?
A)
6-7 feet
B)
7-8 feet
C)
8-9 feet
D)
9-10 feet
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C(8-9 feet).
According to Gerald Stocks and Ron Van Der Meid in the Urban Land Institute's "Dimensions of Parking" in the chapter of Surface Lot Design, standard stalls widths in surface lots are between 8-9 feet. Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 159.
109
Which type of legal description would look like this?
The S1/2 of the NW1/4 of the SE1/4 of Section 12., Township 8 North, Range 6 West of the Fourth Principal Meridian.
A)
Metes and Bounds
B)
Rectangular Survey
C)
Lot and Block
D)
Recorded Plat
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B(Rectangular Survey).
The correct answer is Rectangular Survey which can also be called a Government Survey. To determine the location and size of a property in this method, start at the end and work backward to the beginning reading from right to left. Source: “Modern Real Estate Practice in Illinois” Third Edition, Galaty, Allaway, and Kyle, Chicago, Illinois, 1999, Chapter Nine.
110
What budgeting model can be described as involving capital projects that are linked to a comprehensive plan?
A)
Project Management
B)
Capital Budgeting
C)
Management by Objective
D)
Capital Improvement Programming
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D(Capital Improvement Programming ).
Capital Improvement Programming involves capital projects that are linked to the comprehensive plan. The annual Capital budget is the first year of usually a 5-10 year program. Most cities have a 6 year program. It involves estimating capital requirements, scheduling, budgeting priority projects, coordinating, monitoring and evaluating, and informing the public. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Budgeting" by Dale F. Bertsch, AICP, Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1989 Department of City and Regional Planning, pages 199-205.
111
Concurrency can be described as....
A)
the requirement that public services be adequate to meet the needs of the existing development before new development can be started
B)
the requirement that public services be adequate to meet the needs of the new development
C)
the requirement that public services be adequate to meet the needs of the new development after the development is started
D)
public services that do not correspond to a local comprehensive plan
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B(the requirement that public services be adequate to meet the needs of the new development).
In Florida, the requirement that public services be adequate to meet the needs of the new development is called concurrency. Florida's growth management laws require governments to set public facilities standards and levels of service in their comprehensive plans under the capital improvements element.
Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 150.
112
Which of the following issues did the law case Austin v. Older deal with?
A)
Exaction
B)
Nonconforming use
C)
Historic Preservation
D)
Adult Uses
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B(Nonconforming use).
The plaintiff built a gas station on his property the day before the City of Ypsilanti enacted its zoning ordinance that placed the area as Residential. Ten years later when the plaintiff tried to get a permit to remodel, the City refused to give the plaintiff the permit. The court concluded that since the structure was not in accordance with the provisions of the zoning ordinance, the refusal was proper and there was no abuse of discretion. Therefore, this is an example of a case involving a nonconforming use.
Source: “Study Manual for the 2003 Written AICP Examination of the AICP” by Chapter Presidents Council “CPC”, American Planning Association, 2002, page 77.
113
What happened at Promontory Point, Utah on May 10, 1869?
A)
The first American football game
B)
The first ski resort was constructed
C)
The Cincinnati Reds played their first away game
D)
the first transcontinental railroad was completed
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D(the first transcontinental railroad was completed).
In 1869 the Union Pacific and the Central Pacific railroads meet at Promontory Point, Utah, on May 10 to complete the first transcontinental railroad. Source:www.planning.org
114
Visioning involves....
1)goals are based on what already exists in the community
2)it looks at existing opportunities and constraints
3)requires extensive data collection about the community
4)a simple projection of what the community desires
A)
1,2,3
B)
1,4
C)
1,2,4
D)
All of the above
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B(1,4).
Visioning is different from planning's tradition of public meeting goal setting because the goals are typically based on what already exists in the community. It does not look at any of the existing opportunities or constraints n the community. It is a projection of what is desired. Visioning does not require extensive data collection. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Visioning" by Barbara Becker, AICP, Tucson, AZ., Page 66.
115
This involves goals that are based on what already exists in the community and is a simple projection of what the community desires.
A)
Comprehensive Planning
B)
Strategic Planning
C)
Visioning
D)
Hoshin Planning
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C(Visioning).
Visioning is different from planning's tradition of public meeting goal setting because the goals are typically based on what already exists in the community. It does not look at any of the existing opportunities or constraints n the community. It is a projection of what is desired. Visioning does not require extensive data collection. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Visioning" by Barbara Becker, AICP, Tucson, AZ., Page 66.
116
Ambient Standards can be defined as which of the following?
A)
standards for air and water quality relating to the quality of the receiving environment that is used to judge the overall improvements in the environmental quality
B)
standards for air and water quality relating to the quality of the producer that is used to judge the overall improvements in the environmental quality
C)
standards for air quality only
D)
standards are for air and water quality relating to the discharges into the environment from specific industrial, municipal, and other sources of pollution
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A(standards for air and water quality relating to the quality of the receiving environment that is used to judge the overall improvements in the environmental quality ).
According to the EPA, ambient standards are for air and water quality relating to the quality of the receiving environment that is used to judge the overall improvements in the environmental quality.
Source: www.EPA.com.
*NOTE: There has been a great deal of discussion about this question over the years. Currently the definition includes both Air AND water quality. If you find evidence that it is either one or the other and not both, please email us.
117
Which of the following deals with the amount of stormwater runoff after the development of a site?
A)
Detention
B)
Zero Discharge
C)
Retention
D)
Zero Recharge
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B(Zero Discharge).
Zero Discharge standards or natural runoff is the velocity of stormwater runoff that is not any greater after the development of the site than before the site was actually developed.
Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 148.
118
From the answers provided, what is the best definition of DART?
A)
Dallas Area Rural Turnpike
B)
Detroit's Aerial Radiation Technique
C)
Dallas Area Rapid Transit
D)
Denver Area Residential Transit
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C(Dallas Area Rapid Transit).
DART is the Dallas Area Rapid Transit. This article discusses its use of Light Rail Lines throughout Dallas for public transit and to help ease sprawl and traffic congestion. In Dallas, property values around transit stations rose 25% since DART began in 1996. It also discusses Phoenix and Dallas in the article.
Source: APA Planning Magazine October 2000, "All Aboard" by Jane Holtz Kay, Page 14-19.
In addition to this transit system in Dallas, a Planningprep member submitted the following information for another DART in another part of the country.
DART is also the Delaware Administration for Regional Transit, a subsidary of DelDOT. (1985) It was originally the Delaware Authority for Regional Transit (1971). The Delaware Transit Corporation (DTC), a division of DelDOT has operated DART since 1995.
119
These are created to provide a spatial framework for ecosystem assessment, inventory, research, monitoring, and management?
A)
Point Pollutants
B)
Watersheds
C)
Environmental Impact Statement
D)
Eco-regions
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D(Eco-regions ).
Eco-regions provide a spatial framework for ecosystem assessment, inventory, research, monitoring, and management. These regions delimit large areas within which local ecosystems reoccur more or less throughout the region in a predictable pattern. By observing the behavior of the different kinds of systems within a region it is possible to predict the behavior of one that hasn't been visited. This allows the extrapolation mechanism for identifying areas from which site specific knowledge on ecosystem behavior can be applied. Therefore they also suggest areas within which similar responses and management strategies are applicable (Bailey, 1987). Eco-regions should be thought of as multi-purpose regions, designed to show areas within which the aggregate of all terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem components is different from or less variant than that in other anias. Source:http://www.epa.gov
120
The term “Fast Tracking” can be described as which of the following?
A)
deciding as a group what tasks to cut to get a project completed on time
B)
skipping over tasks on a planning project
C)
what occurs when time needs to be made up on a planning project
D)
All of the above
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C(what occurs when time needs to be made up on a planning project).
In Clark’s book entitled, “Project Management for Planners: A Practical Guide”, he discusses Fast Tracking. This occurs when time is needed to be made up on a planning project. This could be accomplished by running more than one task at the same time to speed up the schedule. Before implementing this technique, especially on larger projects, one should ask the following questions: a) what tasks can run at the same time? b) Is there enough staff? c) Are there any impacts to the other tasks?
Source: “Project Management for Planners: A Practical Guide”, by Terry A. Clark, AICP, PMP, APA Planners Press, Chicago, IL, 2002, pages 90-91.
121
What issue did Munn v. Illinois (1876) deal with?
A)
depriving property without due process of law
B)
zoning
C)
eminent domain
D)
historic preservation
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A(depriving property without due process of law).
The issue in this case was whether the regulation of railroad rates by the state of Illinois deprived the railroad companies of property without due process of law, put another way, the issue of public-private property/free enterprise v. State rights.
The Supreme Court of the United States upheld the Illinois law because the movement and storage of grain were considered to be closely related to public interest. This type of economic activity could be governed by state legislatures, whereas purely private contracts could only be governed by the courts. Source: www.tourolaw.edu.
122
Potable water can be described as which of the options below?
A)
suitable for drinking or cooking purposes from both health and aesthetic considerations
B)
water that is not suitable for drinking or cooking purposes
C)
water that is treated with chemicals and used in "port-o-lets"
D)
None of the above
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A(suitable for drinking or cooking purposes from both health and aesthetic considerations ).
Potable Water can be defined as being suitable for drinking or cooking purposes from both health and aesthetic considerations. Source: http://www.epa.gov
123
Which of the following are included in subdivision regulations?
A)land recordation
B)dedication requirements
C)impact fees
D)growth management controls
A)
C only
B)
D only
C)
A,B
D)
All of the above
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D(All of the above).
Subdivision regulations control and record the process of subdividing land. A result of subdivision regulations is the preservation of land records by platting and mapping. Another result is that developers design and construct developments properly. They include, 1)land recordation, 2)local design and construction standards for improvements and lots, 3)dedication requirements in the form of land or cash-in-lieu, 4)use of developer's impact fees, 5)the institution of growth management controls. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 147.
124
What has helped ease sprawl and congestion in the City of Dallas?
A)
Dallas/Fort Worth Turnpike
B)
Dallas Area Rapid Transit
C)
The "Big Dig"
D)
An increase in allowable residential densities in employment centers
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B(Dallas Area Rapid Transit).
DART, the Dallas Area Rapid Transit system has helped ease sprawl and traffic congestion in the Dalls Metro Area. DART began in 1996 and its impact are considered a huge success. In only 4 years (1996-2000), Dallas property values around transit stations rose 25%. Answer A & D are simply made up and Answer C refers to a massive undertaking to route the Central Artery (Interstate 93), the chief controlled-access highway through the heart of Boston, Massachusetts, into a tunnel under the city.
Source: APA Planning Magazine October 2000, "All Aboard" by Jane Holtz Kay, Page 14-19.
125
A private sector planner is preparing a site plan for a small 20 home residential community that is part of a much larger residential golf course development. She intends to secure local government approval for her client's development, since it could lead to additional work for her in the future phases of the golf course project. According to the AICP Code of Ethics,
A)
There is no conflict of interest since she is not a public sector planner.
B)
She can only work on 25% of the entire development without declaring an economic interest in the project.
C)
There is a conflict of interest only if she purchases a home within the development within One year.
D)
This definitely constitutes a conflict of interest.
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A(There is no conflict of interest since she is not a public sector planner. ).
Because she is a Private sector planner, there is no conflict on interest. If she were a public sector planner who was only approving the first phase of the project in hopes that she would be able to acquire a job with the developer in the near future or be able to work on the future parts of this specific project than there could be a potential of a conflict of interest.
Source: Talking EthicsVersion 1.0.0013Produced by: Crisanti & Co.Programming by: Ralph RussellTalking Ethics copyright American Planning Association.
126
This Supreme Court case stated that government action designed to stop serious harm does not constitute a taking even where it destroys the value of property.
A)
Keystone Bituminous Coal Assoc. v. DeBenedictis
B)
Penn Central Transportation Co. v. Mahon
C)
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council
D)
Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co.
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A(Keystone Bituminous Coal Assoc. v. DeBenedictis ).
Keystone Bituminous Coal Assoc. v. DeBenedictis, 480 U.S. 470 (1987).
The Court in Keystone rejected a facial takings challenge to the Pennsylvania Subsidence Act, which required that 50% of the coal beneath certain structures be kept in place to provide surface support. The Court rejected the claim that the Act completely took 27 million tons of coal required to be left in the ground because that coal comprised less than 2% of the total coal in the mines covered by the protections. Source:http://www.communityrights.org
127
The Council of Government movement (COGS) began in the Detroit area in which year?
A)
1944
B)
1974
C)
1954
D)
1964
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C(1954).
In 1954 the Council of Government movement (COGS) began in the Detroit area with the formation of a Supervisors' Inter-County Committee. It is composed of the representatives of each county in southeastern Michigan for the purpose of confronting area wide problems. It spreads nationwide from Detroit. Source:www.planning.org
128
How many professional planners are on the winning team for the redevelopment design of the World Trade Center?
A)
None
B)
One
C)
Two
D)
Three
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B(One ).
Daniel Libeskind's winning plan for the redevelopment plan of the World Trade Center in new York, was a collaboration with a planner from Philadelphia Gary Hack. He contributed a lot to the site's street pattern. It was the only one of the seven teams that were 2002's finalists vying for the design that included a professional planner.
One element of the plan calls for a "wedge of light" that will allow sunlight to shine on the public spaces for two hours each September 11, marking the time from when the first plane hit until the second tower collapsed.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, April 2003, "Up Close at the World Trade Center" by Ruth Eckdish Knack, AICP, page 11.
129
What was HOPE VI created for?
A)
To construct the oil pipe across Alaska
B)
To acquire military land
C)
To build levees in New Orleans
D)
To eliminate distressed public housing
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D(To eliminate distressed public housing).
HOPE VI is the federal program created in 1993 to eliminate distressed public housing. Administered by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
Source, APA Planning Magazine June 2001, "Is New Urbanism Growing Old?" by Martin Zimmerman page 11.
130
Who wrote 1934's "Modern Housing"?
A)
Catherine Bauer Wurster
B)
Kevin Lynch
C)
Clarence Perry
D)
Jane Jacobs
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A(Catherine Bauer Wurster).
Until her death in 1964, Catherine Bauer Wurster was a leading advocate for well-designed, low-income housing. Her 1934 book, Modern Housing, was one of the most influential of the time. Source: www.planning.org
131
You are a planner for the City of Oswego, Illinois. On Friday, a local developer submits a plan for constructing a large development on 20 acres of currently vacant land in an undeveloped area of the City. The land is currently zoned R-1. The developer’s proposal is for multi-family (R-4) housing. You have been told the school district is approaching carrying capacity. Which of the following is the BEST summary of your report to the City Council?
A)
You should recommend to the Council that the proposal be denied based upon the report co-authored by your Department and the School District that shows this development would justify the need for a new school to be constructed, thus resulting in higher taxes.
B)
You should recommend denial of the proposal based upon its projected negative effect on the number of school aged children.
C)
You should recommend denial of the proposal based upon the proposal is a different zoning.
D)
You should recommend to the Council that this development be approved based upon the probability of less school-aged children with this type of development.
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D(You should recommend to the Council that this development be approved based upon the probability of less school-aged children with this type of development.).
The BEST summary of your recommendation should be to recommend approval of the proposed mutli-family development. From the information provided, the fears of the School District for an increase in school aged children may not be as negatively affected by this proposed development. In fact, one could argue that the development would actually be a benefit to the School District. The reason being that historically across the nation, the number of school aged children created as a result of new multi-family residential developments is less than the number created by single family homes. Based upon the information we know, the number of school aged children would be expected to be less. The planner should continue to explore the density being proposed to make sure that there would actually be more children at the end of the day. Therefore, based upon the facts given this development should be recommended for approval.
132
The latest census reported the population of Centerville to be 24,000. Riverside is the neighborhood you are studying. Riverside is located within Centerville, and has historically been one of the larger, more vibrant neighborhoods. At the time of the last census, 8% of the population lived in the Riverside neighborhood. Five years have passed, and City has experienced growth in all of its neighborhoods. The current population of Centerville is estimated to be 32,000. Use the step down method to calculate the current population of the Riverside Neighborhood.
A)
1920
B)
2016
C)
2560
D)
19200
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C(2560).
The step down method of estimates population by breaking down the areas proportion of the larger area. In this example, Riverside has 8% of Centerville's population. There is no evidence that this has changed, and therefore, when the city increased by 8,000 people in five years, 640 of these people moved into the Riverside neighborhood.
133
Jean Gottmann used what term to describe the extended urban region that contained several metro areas that appeared to form a single agglomeration?
A)
Larger Metropolitan Area
B)
Megatropolis
C)
Metropolis
D)
Megalopolis
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D(Megalopolis).
Jean Gottmann coined the expression, megalopolis, when referring to the extended urban region that contained several metro areas which appear to form a single agglomeration. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Planning History Summary" by John M. Janson, AICP, PDO, Utah Chapter, APA, West Valley City, UT., page 75.
134
Which of the following is the BEST answer for the term RLUIPA?
A)
RLUIPA stands for Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act of 2000
B)
Local governments may not impose a land use regulation that imposes a substantial burden on the religion of a person or a religious institution
C)
RLUIPA is a protection by the federal government for churches from local zoning
D)
All of the above.
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D(All of the above.).
The Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act of 2000 (RLUIPA) pronounced Ree-Loopa) is a protection by the federal government for churches from local zoning. It says that local and State governments may not impose a land use regulation that imposes a substantial burden on the religion of a person or a religious institution or assembly.
It also states that a state or local government must not treat a religious assembly on less than equal terms with a nonreligious assembly or institution.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, April 2003, "Church vs. State" by Michael S. Giaimo and Dwight Merriam, FAICP. page 15.
135
What opened in 1914 that opened the world to commerce?
A)
The St. Lawrence Seaway
B)
The Welland Canal
C)
The Panama Canal
D)
The Stock Exchange
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C(The Panama Canal).
By August 15, 1914 the Panama Canal was officially opened by the passing of the SS Ancon. At the time, no single effort in American history had exacted such a price in dollars or in human life. It took 34 years from the initial effort in 1880 to actually open the Canal in 1914. It is estimated that over 80,000 persons took part in the construction and that over 30,000 lives were lost in both French and American efforts. Source: www.canalmuseum.com
136
Transfer of Development Rights (TDRs) do which of the following?
A)
They create a market where people can sell their development rights to someone wishing to develop in a receiving area
B)
A way to help stop sprawl
C)
an economic incentive for preserving undeveloped land
D)
All of the above
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D(All of the above ).
Transfer of Development Rights (TDRs) can provide an economic incentive for preserving undeveloped land. TDRs create a market by which farmers, for example, can sell their development rights to someone wishing to develop in a receiving area for TDRs. Source:http://www.plannersweb.com
137
On average, a city dweller in Europe rides buses and trains ________________ as their American counterpart.
A)
half as much
B)
the same amount
C)
three times as often
D)
seven times as often
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D(seven times as often).
Europe and Latin America are THE examples of successful public transit. The average European city resident rides buses and trains seven times as often as an American city resident. Gas prices and higher densities are partly the reason, however, just as important is the frequent on time service and the seamless interface of bike paths and pedestrian walk ways with major rail lines and bus service.
Source: APA Planning Magazine May 2003, "Green Connectors: Off Shore Examples" by Robert Cervero, page 25.
138
Compact fluorescent lights (CFL) can last up to how many times as long as a standard incandescent light?
A)
2
B)
4
C)
7
D)
10
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D(10).
Compact fluorescents are an efficient form of lighting; CFL bulbs use one-quarter to one-third as much electricity to give the same light output as a standard incandescent bulb while creating much less heat, and last up to 10 times as long as a standard incandescent light (10,000 vs. 1,000 hours). Source: http://www.energyguide.com
139
Point pollutants can be described as which of the following?
A)
those coming out of a pipe and into a body of water
B)
flowing over fields and into a body of water
C)
overland run-off of rainwater and has multiple entry points into a water body
D)
None of the above
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A(those coming out of a pipe and into a body of water ).
Point pollutants are those coming out of a pipe and into a body of water. Source: Environmental Planning, by Steven Gordon, AICP, 1989, The Ohio State University.
140
Which of the following terms describes a site that has been previously developed with at least 50% of its surface area covered by impervious material?
A)
Brownfield
B)
TOD
C)
Greyfield
D)
Infill
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C(Greyfield).
A Greyfield can be defined as "a site that has been previously developed with at least 50% of its surface area covered by impervious material". Redevelopment of a Greyfield can provide an efficient use of land and infrastructure. Greyfield redevelopment also allows for the preservation of open space and wildlife habitat.
Source: http://www.nahbrc.org
141
An organizational approach called "Alinsky's Organization" involves all but the one of the following...
1)They are formed when an invitation is given by an organization or neighborhood
2)A paid "organizer" then goes into the neighborhood or organization
3)the organizer helps identify issues and begin action
4)the organizer does not involve local leaders in any actions that are generated
A)
1
B)
2
C)
3
D)
4
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D(4).
Alinsky's organizations are created when an invitation is sent out by the neighborhood or organization and a paid organizer is then sent to the neighborhood. They identify issues, generate action, recruit and involve local leaders, and sets up a local organization if one does not exist. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Citizen Participation in Planning" by Terry Langlois, AICP, Memphis TN, page 136.
142
Which of these are examples of uni-functional centers that Gruen said would operate better as mixed-use centers?
A)
Educational
B)
Residential
C)
Industrial
D)
All of the above
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A(Educational).
Victor Gruen stated that mixed-use centers should have the following objectives:
1) Reduced Travel times due to a strong “core” that will reduce the need for traveling.
2) Consistency with Market Trends that will be aided by population growth and congestion.
3) There should be more diversification of housing types and densities, opportunities for urbanity and self-sufficiency in mixed-use centers. We tend to see this in almost all regional development plans.
In “Centers for the Urban Environment”, Gruen criticized how shopping centers were being constructed. Gruen called them “uni-functional” centers. He stated that these centers should be anchored by a wide range of functions, not just shopping.
These are examples of “uni-functional” centers that Gruen argued would operate better as mixed-use centers: civic, performing arts, educational, and office centers. These centers typically have costly and complicated travel patterns, sterile environments, as well as unnecessary public and private financial burdens.
Gruen’s home of Vienna, Austria, has a UN facility that is an example of how NOT to build a strong core.
Source: Planning Magazine, June 2005, “ The Heart of the Matter” by Rodney E. Engelen, AICP.
143
Suitum v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 520 U.S. 725 (1997) dealt with which of the following issues?
A)
Taking
B)
Zoning
C)
Historic Preservation
D)
Exaction
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A(Taking ).
Suitum v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 520 U.S. 725 (1997).
Mrs. Suitum argued that the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency effected a regulatory taking when it determined that her residential lot was ineligible for development under restrictions designed to protect Lake Tahoe. The Agency argued that the claim was unripe because Suitum had not attempted to sell TDRs to which she was entitled. After reaffirming its established ripeness doctrine in takings cases, the Court held that the claim was ripe because the value of her land could be determined without a sale of the TDRs. Source:http://www.communityrights.org
