PP Exam 8 Flashcards
1
Q
Who wrote “The Intelligence of Democracy (1965)”?
A)
Alan Altshuler
B)
T.J. Kent
C)
Kevin Lynch
D)
Charles Lindblom
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A
D(Charles Lindblom).
In this book, Lindblom writes against the basic assumption that central control is necessary in a democracy.
Source: “Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners” Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, “Planning History Summary” by John M. Janson, AICP, PDO, Utah Chapter, APA, West Valley City, UT., page 80.
2
Q
The 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago….
1)commemorated the 400th anniversary of the discovery of the new world
2)started the New Urbanist movement
3)jump started the urban planning profession
4)ran for six months and attracted 27,539,000 visitors–almost half of the total number of people then living in the United States
A)
1,3
B)
1,2,3
C)
1,3,4
D)
All of the above
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A
C(1,3,4).
The 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago commemorated the 400th anniversary of the discovery of the New World. It was a source of the City Beautiful Movement and of the urban planning profession. Source:www.planning.org
3
Q
Which of the following techniques is a means of forecasting future population?
I. Building Permits Issued
II. Cohort Survival
III. Symptomatic Method
IV. New Electric Hookups
A)
II
B)
II & III
C)
I, III, & IV
D)
All of the above
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A
A(II).
Building permits and electric meters are both examples of symptomatic methods to estimate current population, not forecast future population. The cohort survival method ages population, estimates the number of births and deaths, and projects a future population. This method is made more accurate by including in and out migration. It is important you are able to distinguish between estimating current population and forecasting future population.
4
Q
This agreement began on January 1, 1994, with the intention of fostering trade and investment.
A)
NEFTA
B)
NAFTA
C)
China Agreement
D)
The International shipping and transportation Agreement
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A
B(NAFTA).
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) among U.S., Canada and Mexico begins on January 1, 1994, its purpose is to foster trade and investment among the three nations by removing or lowering non-tariff as well as tariff barriers.
Source: www.planning.org
5
Q
A package sewage treatment plant can be described as which of the following?
A)
sewage plants that are connected to the main municipal sewage line
B)
A sewage treatment plant that is large scale in size and amount of sewage treated
C)
small scale, often prefabricated, secondary treatment facilities
D)
None of the above
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A
C(small scale, often prefabricated, secondary treatment facilities).
Package Sewage Treatment Plants are small scale, mostly pre-fabricated, secondary treatment facilities and are used in areas not connected to mains sewers such as small townships. With stricter wastewater standards being introduced, most regional and national authorities will not permit a septic tank system for more than a single dwelling. Source: “Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners” Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, “Development Regulations” by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 148.
6
Q
According to the National Association of Home Builders a new home in the US is, on average ____ percent larger than it was 30 years ago.
A)
25
B)
50
C)
75
D)
10
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A
B(50).
Source, APA Planning Magazine June 2001, “Love Me, Love My Garage “ by Ruth Eckdish Knack, AICP, page 17. A new house in the US is on average 50% bigger than it was 30 years ago (NAHB).
7
Q
What is a definition for an infill site?
A)
Vacant or underutilized lots of land without access to existing utilities
B)
A vacant site that does not have street frontage
C)
Vacant or underutilized lots of land, served by existing utilities
D)
A site that is ripe for development from a market perspective
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A
C(Vacant or underutilized lots of land, served by existing utilities ).
Infill areas can be defined as vacant or underutilized lots of land, served by existing utilities (roads, power lines, sewer and water, etc…). Building on an infill site can effectively conserve resources (e.g., infrastructure) and preserve open space
Source: http://www.nahbrc.org
8
Q
What year was the Standard State Zoning Enabling Act FIRST printed?
A)
1926
B)
1924
C)
1901
D)
1973
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A
B(1924).
The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act was drafted in 1922, with its first printing in 1924, and later re-circulated with revisions in 1926.
“The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act was drafted by a group of planning lawyers headed by Edward Basset, who had also developed the zoning code for New York City. The Act was published and distributed as an information piece by the U.S. Department of Commerce in 1924 and again, in slightly revised form, in 1926. All fifty states ultimately adopted the model zoning act in basically its original form, which is remarkable record for any model law. It remains in effect in the same form in all but half a dozen states, and even those that have changed the law have retained many key elements of the original.”
So, Frank and Getzels, Judith. The Practice of Local Government Planning, 2nd Edition. International City/County Management Association (ICMA). 1988. Page 252.
9
Q
Which budgeting technique has been used for over fifty years and has stand-alone packages or programs?
A)
CIP
B)
PPBS
C)
Capital Budgeting
D)
PM
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A
C(Capital Budgeting).
Capital budgeting has been used for over fifty years and uses more sophisticated analysis techniques in the recent years. It has stand-alone packages or programs. Each package describes the what, the cost, who will benefit, and any possible alternatives. The projects can be ranked quickly and objectively. Source: “Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners” Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, “Budgeting” by Dale F. Bertsch, AICP, Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1989 Department of City and Regional Planning, pages 199-205.
10
Q
A Budget can be defined as which of the following?
A)
a means of allocating resources and creating priorities while defining competing interests and making choices between them
B)
a means of allocating resources and creating priorities while defining complimenting interests and making choices between them
C)
a means of allocating resources and removing priorities while defining competing interests and making choices between them
D)
a means of allocating resources
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A
A(a means of allocating resources and creating priorities while defining competing interests and making choices between them).
Budgeting can be defined as “a means of allocating resources and creating priorities while defining competing interests and making choices between them, as part of setting government policy on a variety of public issues.” Source: “Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners” Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, “Budgeting” by Dale F. Bertsch, AICP, Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1989 Department of City and Regional Planning, pages 199-205.
11
Q
According to Terry Clark, AICP,PMP, how should a project manager spend his/her time?
A)
Initiating 5%, Planning 35%, Executing 25%, Controlling 25%, Closing 10%
B)
Initiating 15%, Planning 25%, Executing 25%, Controlling 25%, Closing 10%
C)
Initiating 5%, Planning 25%, Executing 35%, Controlling 25%, Closing 10%
D)
Initiating 5%, Planning 35%, Executing 35%, Controlling 15%, Closing 10%
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A
A(Initiating 5%, Planning 35%, Executing 25%, Controlling 25%, Closing 10%).
In Clark’s book entitled, “Project Management for Planners: A Practical Guide”, he talks about how a project manager should spend his/her time. Initiating 5%, Planning 35%, Executing 25%, Controlling 25%, Closing 10%
Source: “Project Management for Planners: A Practical Guide”, by Terry A. Clark, AICP, PMP, APA Planners Press, Chicago, IL, 2002, pages 27-18.
12
Q
Of the top ten cities in the US, which had the largest percentage of population growth from 1990-2000?
A)
Phoenix, Ariz.
B)
New York, N.Y.
C)
Houston, Tex.
D)
San Antonio, Tex.
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A
A(Phoenix, Ariz.).
Phoenix, Ariz. had a 2000 census population of 1,321,045, and a 1990 census population of 983,403. An increase in population of 337,642, or 34.3%. It moved from 10 on the list in 1990 to 6 in 2000. Source: http://www.infoplease.com
13
Q
Who wrote “Image of the City”?
A)
Jane Jacobs
B)
Kevin Lynch
C)
Clarence Perry
D)
T.J. Kent
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A
B(Kevin Lynch).
In 1960, “Image of the City” was written by Kevin Lynch. In the book, he defines basic elements of the city’s “imageability” (paths, nodes, edges, etc.)
14
Q
The Standard City Planning Enabling Act was issued in which of the following years?
A)
1938
B)
1946
C)
1928
D)
1926
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A
C(1928).
In 1928, under Herbert Hoover, the US Department of Commerce issued the Standard City Planning Enabling Act.
15
Q
Which of these cities is known for its greenways and interconnected trails and in January 2003 had approximately 400 miles of interconnected trails.
A)
Jacksonville
B)
Denver
C)
Buffalo
D)
Nashville
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A
B(Denver).
In January 2003, Metro Denver had well over 400 miles of interconnected trails and greenways and many thousands of acres of protected open space and the system continues to grow.
The term greenway was popularly used by William H. Whyte in the late 1960’s.
Greenway can be defined as a major multiuse urban corridor.
The author of the Planning Magazine article, Mr. Robert Searns, says that the greenway concept was probably first applied in Denver, Colorado.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, January 2003, “Happy Trails”, by Robert M. Searns, AICP, page 36.
16
Q
W.O.T.S stands for….
A)
Where, Opportunities, Trends, Slowdowns
B)
When, Opportunities, Threats, Strategies
C)
Who, Opportunities, Threats, Supporters
D)
Weakness, Opportunities, Threats, Strengths
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D(Weakness, Opportunities, Threats, Strengths).
Within the Strategic Plan process, there is the identification of W.O.T.S (Weakness, Opportunities, Threats, Strengths). Source: “Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners” Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, “Strategic Planning Process” by Ben Orsbon, AICP, South Dakota Department of Transportation, Pierre, SD. Page 64. And, Source: “Strategic Planning: What Every Manager Must Know” by George Steiner, The Free Press, 1979.
17
Q
What was published in 1909?
A)
Standard State Zoning Enabling Act
B)
Cleveland Group Plan
C)
New York’s first comprehensive zoning ordinance
D)
Daniel Burnham’s Plan of Chicago
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A
D(Daniel Burnham’s Plan of Chicago ).
1909 - Daniel Burnham’s Plan of Chicago was published. First metropolitan plan in the U.S. (Key figures: Frederick A. Delano, Charles Wacker, Charles Dyer Norton.) Source:www.planning.org
18
Q
Regarding specific ethical issues, what forms of communication are appropriate with the Executive Director?
a) Letter
b) Telephone
c) E-mail
A)
a and b
B)
a and c
C)
None of the above
D)
All of the above
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A
A(a and b).
It is recommended that all communications regarding specific ethical situations should occur in either letter or telephone communications with the Executive Director. It is also recommended that email communication is not to be used.
Source: www.planning.org
19
Q
The Community Reinvestment Act is more commonly known to planners more familiar with the legislation as which of the following:
A)
The “Act”
B)
Legislation 112b
C)
The CRA
D)
None of the Above
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A
C(The CRA).
The CRA is the acronym often used for the Community Reinvestment Act - Source, APA Planning Magazine, “Promises Made, Promises Kept” by Julie Bennett, pages 4-9. A more detailed summary of the APA article can be found in the “Other Resources” section of the site.
20
Q
Which is NOT true….
1) approximately 56 million acres of land are held in trust for Native American tribes and individuals
2) There are approximately 95 Federally recognized tribes
3) for reservations not on trust land, the Secretary of the Interior serves as trustee
A)
1
B)
2
C)
3
D)
All of the above
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A
B(2).
There are more than 562 Federally recognized Tribes in the United States, including 223 village groups in Alaska. “Federally recognized” means these tribes and groups have a special and legal relationship with the U.S. government. This relationship is referred to as a government-to-government relationship.
Source:http://www.lvccld.org
According to the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA); which is responsible for the administration and management of 55.7 million acres of land held in trust by the United States for American Indians, Indian tribes, and Alaska Natives. The BIA says that there are 562 federal recognized tribal governments in the United States.
Source:http://endangered.fws.gov
21
Q
What type of washing machine that is front loading, common in Europe, and uses less energy and water.
A)
Tumble
B)
H-axis
C)
D-axis
D)
Rambler
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A
B(H-axis).
An H-axis Washing Machine is a front loading washing machine, long common in Europe but not in the US, and uses a tumble action washing method. These machines have been shown to use much less energy and water, and are reported to cause less wear and tear on clothes. Source:http://www.energyguide.com
22
Q
According to the Federal Highway Administration’s “Concepts, Criteria, and Procedures”, urban collectors can be described as…
A)
providing less mobility and a moderate amount of land access, distributing travel to smaller areas, while interconnecting the major roads
B)
serving longer trips, carrying the highest traffic volumes, and a large percentage of the VMT on a minimum amount of mileage while providing minimal land access.
C)
providing both traffic circulation and land access with all land uses by collecting and distributing traffic to these geographic areas
D)
providing direct access to the adjacent land and access to the higher classified roads
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A
C(providing both traffic circulation and land access with all land uses by collecting and distributing traffic to these geographic areas ).
Urban Collectors can be described as providing both traffic circulation and land access with all land uses by collecting and distributing traffic to these geographic areas.
Source: “Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP”, Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, “Transportation Planning” by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 155.
23
Q
Smart Growth Planning has which of the following as it’s goals?
A)
environmental protection
B)
social equity
C)
economic vitality
D)
All of the above
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A
D(All of the above).
Source, APA Journal, Summer 2002, “The New Regionalism” by Stephen Wheeler, page 269. By the mid 1990’s there was concern about growth management, and a national movement sometimes called “smart growth” had grown. This growth management effort raised questions of regional planning, since because there was an absence of regional coordination, initiatives by local jurisdictions could be undercut by neighboring communities.
24
Q
PSD Standards deal with regulations to prevent the significant deterioration…..
A)
of very high quality plant life
B)
of very high quality airsheds
C)
of very high quality watersheds
D)
of very high quality endangered wildlife habitat
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A
B(of very high quality airsheds).
PSD Standards are air quality standards aimed at preventing the significant deterioration of existing high quality air by enforcing strict effluent controls on new polluters in the region. Source: Environmental Planning, by Steven Gordon, AICP, 1989, The Ohio State University.
25
The Housing Act of 1937 involved which of the following?
A)
tied slum clearance to public housing
B)
began providing federal housing subsidies
C)
began an interest subsidy program
D)
None of the above
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A(tied slum clearance to public housing ).
The 1937 U.S. Housing Act (Wagner-Steagall) set the stage for future government aid by appropriating $500 million in loans for low-cost housing. Tied slum clearance to public housing. Source: www.planning.org
26
Which of the following can be described as scientific measurements that track environmental conditions over time?
A)
Environmental Impact Statements
B)
Non-point pollutants
C)
Environmental indicators
D)
Environmental Assessment
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C(Environmental indicators ).
Environmental indicators are scientific measurements that track environmental conditions over time.
Indicators help measure the state of our air, water and land resources. They also measure the pressures on them, and the resulting effects on ecological and human health.
Indicators show our progress in making the air cleaner, the water purer, and in protecting our land. Source: http://www.epa.gov
27
What was the term used by Victor Gruen to describe shopping centers?
A)
Polycentric
B)
Uni-functional
C)
Anchors
D)
Big Box
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B(Uni-functional).
Victor Gruen stated that mixed-use centers should have the following objectives:
1) Reduced Travel times due to a strong “core” that will reduce the need for traveling.
2) Consistency with Market Trends that will be aided by population growth and congestion.
3) There should be more diversification of housing types and densities, opportunities for urbanity and self-sufficiency in mixed-use centers. We tend to see this in almost all regional development plans.
In “Centers for the Urban Environment”, Gruen criticized how shopping centers were being constructed. Gruen called them “uni-functional” centers. He stated that these centers should be anchored by a wide range of functions, not just shopping.
These are examples of “uni-functional” centers that Gruen argued would operate better as mixed-use centers: civic, performing arts, educational, and office centers. These centers typically have costly and complicated travel patterns, sterile environments, as well as unnecessary public and private financial burdens.
Gruen’s home of Vienna, Austria, has a UN facility that is an example of how NOT to build a strong core.
Source: Planning Magazine, June 2005, “ The Heart of the Matter” by Rodney E. Engelen, AICP.
28
What Supreme Court case dealt with the issue of eminent domain and its use for the property to be redeveloped for private use?
A)
Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon
B)
Hadacheck v. Sebastian
C)
Berman v. Parker
D)
Nectow v. City of Cambridge
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C(Berman v. Parker).
Berman v. Parker, 348 U.S. 26 (1954).
The federal District of Columbia Redevelopment Act (1945) created a program to redevelop substandard housing and blighted areas in Washington, D.C. The Act created the Redevelopment Land Agency. This Act had the power of eminent domain to acquire real property as part of the redevelopment program. Berman, the owner of a department store, argued that the government could not acquire his property through eminent domain because the property would be redeveloped for private use and therefore violate the requirement in the Takings Clause that any taking be for a public use. The Court held that the redevelopment of the District of Columbia was a public purpose for which the United States could properly exercise its power of eminent domain. The Court added that legislative declaration of the public interest is "well-nigh conclusive." Source:http://www.communityrights.org
29
The Dallas Area Rapid Transit system does which of the following
A)
eases urban sprawl
B)
eases traffic congestion
C)
uses light rail
D)
All of the above
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D(All of the above ).
DART is the Dallas Area Rapid Transit.
This article discusses the use of Light Rail Lines throughout Dallas for public transit and to help ease sprawl and traffic congestion. In Dallas, property values around transit stations rose 25% since DART began in 1996.
The article also discusses other places where light rail is being used or planned to run, like Phoenix.
Regarding Phoenix, since the time of this Planning Magazing Article in 2000, in 2007 the METRO in Phoenix is nearing its opening day of December 2008. The METRO system is designed to integrate seamlessly with Valley Metro bus service and will share the same fare structure. An all-day pass is good for local bus and rail service. METRO is set to open in December 2008, bringing Valley residents a new way to get to work and play, and to connect to Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport.
Source: APA Planning Magazine October 2000, "All Aboard" by Jane Holtz Kay, Page 14-19.
and regarding Phoenix METRO: http://www.valleymetro.org
30
According to the Highway Capacity Manual (1994), if a roadway has a "E" service level, which of the following would best describe it?
A)
stable flow, moderate delays, and the speed is determined by traffic
B)
unstable flow, near capacity, limited speed, and very long delays
C)
free flow, high operating speed with no delays
D)
very low speeds, frequent stoppages, volume is greater than capacity
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B(unstable flow, near capacity, limited speed, and very long delays).
Source: "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 156. See Figure 3, Roadway Level of Service Descriptions. Level E is unstable flow, near capacity, limited speed, and very long delays
31
UrbanSim can be described as which of the following?
A)
a new mode of transportation
B)
A new form of zoning
C)
a software-based simulation model for integrated planning and analysis of urban development
D)
a redevelopment technique for Brownfields
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C(a software-based simulation model for integrated planning and analysis of urban development ).
Source, APA Journal Summer 2002, Vol. 68, No. 3. "UrbanSim" by Paul Waddell, page 297. Metro areas are working hard to respond to federal mandates to link the planning of land use, environment, transportation, sprawl, citizen involvement, open space, affordable homes, and congestion. Older planning models used by most Metropolitan areas have difficulty addressing and measuring these issues. UrbanSim is a new model system that was developed to respond to these emerging requirements. UrbanSim has been used in three areas, including the one described in the article, Eugene-Springfield, Oregon.
32
Percolation Tests have which of the following conventional tests?
A)
Tile Field
B)
Sandmound
C)
Deep Trench
D)
All of the above
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D(All of the above).
There are three types of conventional percolation tests: Tile field, Deep trench, and Sandmound. A percolation test is a measure the rate clear water seeps into the soil from a standard test hole. The suitability of soil for the subsurface disposal of sewage is determined by its physical characteristics and percolation rates. Physical characteristics include percentage of rock, evidence of groundwater, and depth to rock and/or groundwater. Source: www.car.lib.md.us
33
Developer's dedicating a certain amount of open space for the creation of park land in their new development is an example of what?
A)
Improvement Standards
B)
Exaction
C)
Growth Management Controls
D)
Recordation
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B(Exaction).
Exactions can be described as the subdivider's financial responsibilities for public improvements associated with the development. Examples of exactions include land or cash-in-lieu dedications for park land and new schools. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 147.
34
Columbia, Maryland was designed by which of the following?
A)
Clarence Perry
B)
Fredrick Law Olmsted, Jr.
C)
James Rouse
D)
John D. Rockefeller
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C(James Rouse ).
Columbia now has more than 83,000 residents and 2,500 businesses and industries. After retiring from the Rouse Company in 1981, James Rouse devoted his time to the Enterprise Foundation, a nonprofit organization that has helped produce over 61,000 units of housing for the poor. Columbia, Maryland is situated about halfway between Washington and Baltimore, featuring some class integration and the neighborhood principle. Source: www.planning.org
35
What 2 country's are the US's largest trading partners?
1. Canada
2. Mexico
3. China
4. Russia
A)
1, 3
B)
1, 2
C)
3, 2
D)
2, 3
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B(1, 2).
Source, APA Planning Magazine February 2002, "New Roads to NAFTA", by Ken Cottrill, page 32. LB Canada and Mexico are the U.S.'s largest trading partners. A business valued at about $653 billion in 2000.
36
This Supreme Court case upheld a zoning ordinance against allegations that the government took property in violation of the Due Process Clause where the ordinance reduced the value of the claimant's land.
A)
Penn Coal v. Mahon
B)
Keystone Bituminous Coal Assoc. v. DeBenedictis
C)
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council
D)
Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co.
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D(Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co.).
Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co., 272 U.S. 365 (1926).
The Court upheld a zoning ordinance against allegations that the government confiscated property in violation of the Due Process Clause where the ordinance reduced the value of the claimant's land by 75%. The landowner alleged that the ordinance effectively confiscated the property. The Penn Central Court cited this case for the proposition that diminution in value, by itself, cannot establish a taking.
Source:http://www.communityrights.org
37
This type of analysis evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of a specific region's industries.
A)
Cohort Survival
B)
Location Quotient
C)
Shift-share
D)
Localization Coefficient
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C(Shift-share).
Shift-Share analysis evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of a specific region's industries. It shows how well the region's mix of industries are performing, and how well the region's individual industries are performing. This analysis examines three components of regional employment growth (National growth, Industry Mix, and Competitiveness) between two periods of time.
These three components are added to obtain the total change in employment of a specific industry.
Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Shift-Share Analysis" by Sharon Puryear, AICP, Greensboro, NC, pages 194-196.
38
The Census Survey of Construction shows that the average new home changed from 1,500 square feet in 1970, to _______ square feet in 2000.
A)
1,000
B)
1,750
C)
2,000
D)
2,266
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D(2,266).
Source, APA Planning Magazine May 2002, "Monster Houses? Yes" by Lang and Danielson, page 24. It is a trend that is occurring in every city throughout the United States. Homes are getting much larger than in the past. Look at typical "teardown" development in older parts of towns. These new homes are being built to the maximum size allowed.
39
What city had the first US Skyscraper build in 1885?
A)
New York, NY
B)
Boston, Mass
C)
Chicago, IL
D)
Philadelphia, Pa
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C(Chicago, IL).
According to www.infoplease.com, the first Skyscraper was in Chicago, Ill. in 1885.
Source:http://www.infoplease.com.
However, there have been many emails from Planning Prep members about this. Further research shows that some have broadened the "first" to be one of two, and another actually adds a possible third.
The following is a brief summary of our research:
Most narrow it down to two buildings - the Home Insurance Building built in Chicago and the Woolworth Building in New York. Some choose the Home Insurance building. Completed in 1885, it is only ten stories tall. There were several buildings in Chicago at the time that were taller, but the Home building was the first to employ what is considered the missing link between buildings that were merely tall, and skyscrapers that used the steel frame structure. The Woolworth Building, finished in 1913, was the first building to use all of the key technologies associated with modern skyscrapers. Source: www.highbeam.com.
And the third possible "first skyscraper" is:
The Wainright Building in St. Louis was designed by architect Louis Sullivan and was built in 1891. The building is located on 7th Street in Downtown St. Louis. Source: www.stlouis.about.com
40
What is the wettest City in the United States (measured rainfall)?
A)
San Francisco
B)
Seattle
C)
New Orleans
D)
Buffalo
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C(New Orleans).
Source, APA Planning Magazine February 2001, "Non-tourist's Guide to New Orleans by Coleman Warner, pages 4-11. New Orleans is the wettest city in the U.S with an average annual rainfall of 58 inches, and the only city below sea level. In 1718, the first French Settlers began building a 3' high levee, today there are more than 130 miles of levees.
41
Advantages of subdivision regulations include which of the following?
1)the control and process for subdividing
2)a way to ensure that developers design developments in a correct fashion
3)preservation of land records
4)letting the developer design neighborhoods freely on their own
A)
1,2
B)
1,2,3
C)
3,4
D)
4
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B(1,2,3).
Subdivision regulations control and record the process of subdividing land. A result of subdivision regulations is the preservation of land records by platting and mapping. Another result is that developers design and construct developments properly. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 147.
42
Jacob Riis wrote which of the following?
A)
Zoning
B)
Image of the City
C)
Tomorrow: A Peaceful Path of Real Reform
D)
How the Other Half Lives
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D(How the Other Half Lives ).
In 1890, "How the Other Half Lives", by Jacob Riis, is published. This book is an important stimulus to housing and neighborhood reform. Source: www.planning.org
43
Adding 10,000 residents to the downtown area of Oakland is which of the following?
A)
10,000 Homes, for 10,000 people
B)
9,999 plus you, equals 10,000
C)
10K Initiative
D)
10,000 starts with 1
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C(10K Initiative ).
Source: APA Planning Magazine, "Oakland's 10K Race for Downtown Housing" by Greenwood and Lane, August 2002, page 14. In 1999, Mayor Jerry Brown's strategy called 10K initiative is to add 10,000 people living downtown. It means to increase the downtown population by 91%. Despite early successes it remains controversial. Who will live downtown? What kind of Housing? Will low income people be pushed out? Does housing really stimulate other development?
44
How many professional planners are on the winning team for the redevelopment design of the World Trade Center?
A)
None
B)
One
C)
Two
D)
Three
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B(One ).
Daniel Libeskind's winning plan for the redevelopment plan of the World Trade Center in new York, was a collaboration with a planner from Philadelphia Gary Hack. He contributed a lot to the site's street pattern. It was the only one of the seven teams that were 2002's finalists vying for the design that included a professional planner.
One element of the plan calls for a "wedge of light" that will allow sunlight to shine on the public spaces for two hours each September 11, marking the time from when the first plane hit until the second tower collapsed.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, April 2003, "Up Close at the World Trade Center" by Ruth Eckdish Knack, AICP, page 11.
45
This is an underground bed or stratum of earth, gravel or porous stone that contains water.
A)
Reservoir
B)
Bog
C)
Aquifer
D)
Deep well
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C(Aquifer).
Aquifer: An underground bed or stratum of earth, gravel or porous stone that contains water. Source: http://www.epa.gov
46
In 1890, who wrote, "How the Other Half Lives"?
A)
John Wesley Powell
B)
Ebenezer Howard
C)
Jacob Riis
D)
Patrick Geddes
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C(Jacob Riis).
In 1890, How the Other Half Lives, by Jacob Riis, is published. It is an important stimulus to housing and neighborhood reform. Source:www.planning.org
47
United States adults average ____ minutes a day driving.
A)
10
B)
72
C)
30
D)
100
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B(72).
Source: APA Planning Magazine October 2001, "Above and Beyond: Fighting Small Town Sprawl" by Julie Campoli, Elizabeth Humstone, and Alex MacLean, pages 4-9. American adults average 72 minutes a day driving.
48
According to the US Census, a Metropolitan Statistical Area can be described as which of the following?
A)
adjacent communities have a low degree of economic and social integration with that core
B)
an MSA requires the presence of a city with 50,000 or less
C)
a geographic entity defined by the federal Office of Management and Budget for the use by federal statistical agencies that are based on the concept of a core area with a large population nucleus
D)
All of the above
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C(a geographic entity defined by the federal Office of Management and Budget for the use by federal statistical agencies that are based on the concept of a core area with a large population nucleus).
According to the US Census, a Metropolitan statistical area (MSA) can be defined as a geographic entity defined by the federal Office of Management and Budget for the use by federal statistical agencies. These are based on the concept of a core area with a large population nucleus. These adjacent communities have a high degree of economic and social integration with that core. Qualification of an MSA calls for the presence of a city with 50,000 or more, or the presence of an Urbanized Area (UA) and a total population of at least 100,000 (75,000 in New England). The county or counties containing the largest city and surrounding densely settled area are central counties of the MSA. Source:http://www.census.gov
49
What is the name given to those born between 1965 and 1980?
A)
Echo Boom
B)
Baby Boomers
C)
Generation X
D)
Generation Y
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C(Generation X ).
Generation X consists of persons born from 1965 until 1981. As a phrase, without the current meaning, the term was coined as the title of a 1964 pulp novel, and was picked up as the name of a punk rock band featuring the young Billy Idol. It was later popularized by Douglas Coupland in his book Generation X: Tales From An Accelerated Culture, who took it from a sociological text by Paul Fussell. William Strauss and Neil Howe in their book Generations called this generation the 13th Generation because the tag, like this generation, is a little Halloweenish, and it is the thirteenth to know the flag of the United States (counting back to the peers of Benjamin Franklin) and set its birth years at 1961 to 1981. Source: www.wikepedia.com
50
Effluent standards can be defined as which of the following?
A)
standards for air AND water quality relating to the quality of the receiving environment that is used to judge the overall improvements in the environmental quality
B)
standards are for WATER quality relating to the discharges into the environment from sources of pollution
C)
standards are for AIR quality relating to the discharges into the environment from specific industrial, municipal, and other sources of pollution
D)
None of the above
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B(standards are for WATER quality relating to the discharges into the environment from sources of pollution ).
Effluent standards are for WATER quality relating to the discharges into the environment from specific industrial, municipal, and other sources of pollution.
Source: Environmental-Expert.com
Each session, this question and its answers are discussed in depth by our members. We have decided to BOLD, the key words in the possible answers provided in order to get our members to focus on the key words, Air, Water, or Both.
51
In the book, "Quick Response Urban Travel Estimation Techniques and Transferable Parameters (1987)", it shows that the average vehicle trip per unit is the highest for which of the following?
1)Duplexes and Townhomes
2)Apartments
3)Retirement Homes
4)Planned Unit Developments
A)
1
B)
2
C)
3
D)
4
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D(4).
Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 158, Figure 5, Average Vehicle Trip Rates.
In this question, the highest is for Planned Unit Developments. The average vehicle trip rate for Single Family Residential is 9.1 to 10.2,
Planned Unit Developments is 7.9,
Duplexes and Townhomes is 7.0,
Apartments is 6.0,
Condominiums is 5.9,
Mobile Homes is 5.5, and
Retirement Homes is 3.5.
Source: Quick Response Urban Travel Estimation Techniques and Transferable Parameters (1987)
Over the years many planningprep.com members have had issues with this question. One of the biggest concerns is the assumption that PUD's mostly contain single-family homes (although that is never directly stated). The main point of this question is to understand that many argue (and agree) that single-family homes generate the most average vehicle trips per unit. This question does not provide this as a correct answer and therefore, you must choose the next best answer which, according to the book is Planned Unit Developments. When looking at the other choices provided, which are all Mult-family, this is the best answer provided.
52
Keystone Bituminous Coal Assoc. v. DeBenedictis, 480 U.S. 470 (1987) dealt with which of the following issues?
A)
The Court upheld a zoning ordinance against allegations that the government confiscated property in violation of the Due Process Clause
B)
government action designed to stop serious harm does not constitute a taking even where it destroys the value of property
C)
property may be regulated to a certain extent, however, if the regulation goes too far it will be recognized as a taking
D)
the police power is one of the most essential, and "least limitable," powers of government.
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B(government action designed to stop serious harm does not constitute a taking even where it destroys the value of property ).
Keystone Bituminous Coal Assoc. v. DeBenedictis, 480 U.S. 470 (1987).
On facts similar to those in Mahon, the Court in Keystone rejected a facial takings challenge to the Pennsylvania Subsidence Act, which required that 50% of the coal beneath certain structures be kept in place to provide surface support. The Court reaffirmed Penn Central's parcel-as-a-whole rule, rejecting the claim that the Act completely took 27 million tons of coal required to be left in the ground because that coal made up less than 2% of the total coal in the mines covered by the protections. In addition, the Court invoked the nuisance exception to conclude that government action designed to stop serious harm does not constitute a taking even where it destroys the value of property.
Source:http://www.communityrights.org
53
What is a definition for bedrock?
A)
rock usually underlying consolidated geologic materials
B)
solid or fractured rock usually underlying water
C)
solid or fractured rock usually underlying the capillary fringe
D)
rock usually underlying unconsolidated geologic materials
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D(rock usually underlying unconsolidated geologic materials ).
Bedrock can be defined as “solid or fractured rock usually underlying unconsolidated geologic materials; bedrock may be exposed at the land surface.”
Source: www.uwsp.edu
The term bedrock may be somewhat misleading, since in many locations, the bedrock may change over a short distance, or the technical bedrock may be a thin stratum overlying quite different rock.
Source:www.answers.com
54
In North America, the benefits of what technology/practice are poorly understood. As a result, the market remains immature, despite the efforts of several industry leaders. This same technology/practice in Europe however, has become very well established.
A)
Green Roofs
B)
Transit Oriented Developments (TOD)
C)
New Town Planning
D)
Neo-Traditional Development
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A(Green Roofs).
A green roof is a roof of a building which is partially or completely covered with plants. It may be a tended roof garden or a more self-maintaining ecology like a living wall or breathing wall. An earth structure often has such a roof, as plants simply grow naturally over it, making a hill that is from some angles indistinguishable from a natural one.
According to Green Roofs for Healthy Cities (a network of public and private interests founded by Steven W. Peck based in Toronto):
"In North America, the benefits of green roof technologies are poorly understood and the market remains immature, despite the efforts of several industry leaders. In Europe however, these technologies have become very well established."
Source: Wikipedia.org
55
According to the Federal Highway Administration's "Concepts, Criteria, and Procedures", local streets can be described as...
A)
providing direct access to the adjacent land and access to the higher classified roads
B)
providing both traffic circulation and land access with all land uses by collecting and distributing traffic to these geographic areas
C)
serving longer trips, carrying the highest traffic volumes, and a large percentage of the VMT on a minimum amount of mileage while providing minimal land access.
D)
providing less mobility and a moderate amount of land access, distributing travel to smaller areas, while interconnecting the major roads
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A(providing direct access to the adjacent land and access to the higher classified roads).
Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 155. See Figure One, Urban Systems. Local Streets can be described as providing direct access to the adjacent land and access to the higher classified roads.
56
A township Square is used in described land in the Government Survey method, how big is a township square?
A)
There is no standard size for a township square
B)
6 Square miles
C)
36 Square miles
D)
1 Square mile
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C(36 Square miles).
The correct answer is 36 Square Miles. At the intersection of the Township lines and the vertical range lines, there are squares that form. These are called Township Squares and are 6 miles by 6 miles and therefore contain 36 square miles. Also, each township contains 36 sections. Each section is one square mile (640 acres). Section 1 is always in the northeast corner, and Section 16 was reserved for the school so that it would be centrally located. Source : “Modern Real Estate Practice in Illinois” Third Edition, Galaty, Allaway, and Kyle, Chicago, Illinois, 1999, Chapter Nine.
57
Which of the following is now dealing with the issues of logging, oil exploration, and beach access with comprehensive planning?
A)
RLUIPA
B)
TMU
C)
Fish and Wildlife Service
D)
GAZBE
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C(Fish and Wildlife Service).
From local planning issues such as recreational beach access to the national policy debate over opening up refuges to oil exploration in Alaska, there are several issues that affect the managing of the refuges that distract from their primary role of wildlife and habitat conservation.
The National Wildlife Refuge System is administered by the Fish and Wildlife Service. It is the largest collection of lands and waters dedicated to wildlife and habitat conservation on the planet. This encompasses more than 94 million acres on 541 refuges.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, April 2003, "Taking Refuge" by John Slown, AICP, page 21.
58
Today, the average car costs more than $_________ per year to own and operate?
A)
$3,000
B)
$6,000
C)
$9,000
D)
$9,500
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B($6,000).
Today, the average car costs more than $6,000 per year to own and operate, but even the least expensive car can cost $3,000 per year in insurance, fuel, repairs, and other miscellaneous expenses.
Transportation costs for consumers have increased steadily from 10 percent of household income in 1935 to nearly 20 percent for the average American household today (Utter 2005).
The poorest one-fifth of Americans, however, is spending more: in 2001, households earning less than $14,000 per year spent nearly 40 percent of their income on transportation.
Source: Multifamily Trends - Winter 2005 - Features
The Match Game: Bringing Together Affordable Housing and Transit Villages: By Marilee Utter
Source: http://www.uli.org/
59
What can be described as public works projects that benefit a specific group of people are thus financed more equitably by those affected most directly by the improvement?
A)
Special Districts
B)
Special Assessments
C)
TIFs
D)
General Obligation Bonds
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B(Special Assessments).
In financing and budgeting, Special Assessments can be described as public works projects that benefit a specific group of people can be financed more equitably in this fashion. Examples are the repaving of a neighborhood's street. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Budgeting" by Dale F. Bertsch, AICP, Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1989 Department of City and Regional Planning, pages 199-205.
60
What is true about State and Federal Grants:
1)available to finance several types of programs
2)Project costs could be completely paid for or a local share may be required
3)may finance streets and sewers
4) may finance airports
A)
1,2,3
B)
1,3,4
C)
1,2,4
D)
All of the above
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D(All of the above).
State and Federal Grants may be used to finance a multitude of projects including roads, airports, sewers, etc... The cost of these projects could be completely covered by the grants or the local government may be required to contribute a portion or share. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Budgeting" by Dale F. Bertsch, AICP, Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1989 Department of City and Regional Planning, pages 199-205.
61
Gruen argues that civic centers would work better as.......
A)
polycentric
B)
uni-functional
C)
mixed-use
D)
public/private partnership
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C(mixed-use).
Victor Gruen stated that mixed-use centers should have the following objectives:
1) Reduced Travel times due to a strong “core” that will reduce the need for traveling.
2) Consistency with Market Trends that will be aided by population growth and congestion.
3) There should be more diversification of housing types and densities, opportunities for urbanity and self-sufficiency in mixed-use centers. We tend to see this in almost all regional development plans.
In “Centers for the Urban Environment”, Gruen criticized how shopping centers were being constructed. Gruen called them “uni-functional” centers. He stated that these centers should be anchored by a wide range of functions, not just shopping.
These are examples of “uni-functional” centers that Gruen argued would operate better as mixed-use centers: civic, performing arts, educational, and office centers. These centers typically have costly and complicated travel patterns, sterile environments, as well as unnecessary public and private financial burdens.
Gruen’s home of Vienna, Austria, has a UN facility that is an example of how NOT to build a strong core.
Source: Planning Magazine, June 2005, “ The Heart of the Matter” by Rodney E. Engelen, AICP.
62
The Endangered Species Act was passed in...
A)
1969
B)
1973
C)
1975
D)
1979
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B(1973).
The 1973 Endangered Species Act authorized Federal assistance to state and local jurisdictions to establish conservation programs for endangers plant and animal species. Source:www.planning.org
63
Which of the following is true about Canada and Mexico?
A)
They are the second and third largest trading partners of the U.S.
B)
They are not part of any trading body with the U.S.
C)
The U.S.'s largest trading partners
D)
All of the above
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C(The U.S.'s largest trading partners).
Source, APA Planning Magazine February 2002, "New Roads to NAFTA", by Ken Cottrill, page 32. LB Canada and Mexico are the U.S.'s largest trading partners. A business valued at about $653 billion in 2000.
64
This type of power comes from deep beneath the earth where hot magma heats the underlying water or steam which is then converted into electricity.
A)
Nuclear
B)
Geothermal
C)
Natural Gas
D)
Biomass
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B(Geothermal).
Geothermal power comes from deep beneath the earth's surface where hot magma (Dr. Evil anyone?) heats the underlying water or steam which is converted into electricity. Geothermal resources vary in temperature. Low-to moderate temperature (20°C to 150°C) geothermal resources are used to provide direct heat for homes and industry, while the high temperature (above 150°C) geothermal resources are used in electric power generation.
Source: http://www.energyguide.com
65
The Clean Air Act, has requirements for areas which have not met clean air ambient standards, also known as non-attainment areas. In these areas, new sources are allowed only if...
A)
there is a reduction in pollutants in general.
B)
there is an increase in pollutants less than the pollutants contributed by the source.
C)
there is a reduction in pollutants within 100 miles of the source.
D)
there is a reduction in pollutants greater than the pollutants contributed by the source.
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D(there is a reduction in pollutants greater than the pollutants contributed by the source.).
The Clean Air Act, has requirements for areas which have not met clean air ambient standards, also known as non-attainment areas In these areas, new sources are allowed only if there is a reduction in pollutants greater than the pollutants contributed by the source. Source: Environmental Planning, by Steven Gordon, AICP, 1989, The Ohio State University.
66
In 2000, it is estimated that there was this many people per square mile living in the United States.
A)
60.6
B)
79.6
C)
99.6
D)
16.6
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B(79.6).
In 2000, it was estimated that there were 281,421,906 living in the United States on 3,537,441 square miles. Therefore, 79.6 people per square mile.
Source: http://www.infoplease.com
67
Cumulative zoning refers to which of the following?
A)
allowing no uses in districts other than the uses for which they were created
B)
specifies the allowable amount of smoke, odor, or noise...
C)
having permitted uses automatically build from one district to each successive one
D)
allows a mixture of uses
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C(having permitted uses automatically build from one district to each successive one).
Zoning districts may be set up into many different ways. 1. Cumulative (or pyramid), this is when permitted uses automatically accumulate from one district to each successive one. In this, the single detached residence is the top. 2)Exclusive classification, allows no uses in districts than the uses for which they were created. An example for this is to stop residential from "taking over" another land use like commercial and then protesting when a commercial use is proposed. 3)Performance Standards, establish objective thresholds and maximum limits of the effects or characteristics of a land use (e.g.: allowable amount of noise). 4)Performance Zoning, regulates the character of the use instead of simply just regulating the use itself. 5)Mixed-Use districts, permitting mixed uses. 6)Planned Unit Developments (PUD), allows a mix of uses and flexibility in design. 7) Overlay zones, these add requirements "on top" of zoning districts. 8)Incentive Zoning, cities can use these to encourage development that exceeds the minimum standards. 9)Transferable Development Rights (TDR), allows property owners with limited development rights to buy additional rights from another property owner.
Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 141-142.
68
What is the width of a standard stall in a surface lot?
A)
6-7 feet
B)
7-8 feet
C)
8-9 feet
D)
9-10 feet
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C(8-9 feet).
According to Gerald Stocks and Ron Van Der Meid in the Urban Land Institute's "Dimensions of Parking" in the chapter of Surface Lot Design, standard stalls widths in surface lots are between 8-9 feet. Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 159.
69
Under the AICP Code of Ethics, all of the following may be considered a potential conflict of interest for a public planner EXCEPT:
A)
Stopping or "derailing" public participation in a long-range planning process.
B)
Working for a developer who has an action before the City Council.
C)
Processing a rezoning application for property that the planner him/herself owns
D)
Accepting a new bbq grill on their birthday from a local development firm.
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A(Stopping or "derailing" public participation in a long-range planning process. ).
Under the AICP Code of Ethics, those answers in B, C, and D can be seen as a potential conflict of interest for a public sector planner. For answer A, if the Public Planner stops, or derails the public process that is not a good thing, and is probably bad, and would lead to them being disciplined by their supervisor, but it is not considered a conflict of interest with the information we have been given in this example.
Source: Talking EthicsVersion 1.0.0013Produced by: Crisanti & Co.Programming by: Ralph RussellTalking Ethics copyright American Planning Association.
70
What Act requires an environmental impact statement for every federal or federally aided state or local major action that might significantly harm the environment?
A)
The Clean Air Act 1970
B)
The 1969 National Environmental Policy Act
C)
The 1968 National Environmental Protection Policy Act
D)
The Soil Conservation Act of 1935
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B(The 1969 National Environmental Policy Act).
The 1969 National Environmental Policy Act requires an "environmental impact statement" for every federal or federally aided state or local major action that might significantly harm the environment.
Source:www.planning.org
71
According to Ebenezer Howard's Garden City concept, the star on the illustration above, illustrates what important component of the plan?
A)
Centralized shopping area
B)
Centralized park and recreation area
C)
Higher density/multiple family housing
D)
Convenient elementary school
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B(Centralized park and recreation area).
The image below illustrates Ebenezer Howard's Garden City concept. A central park separated civic buildings and uses from residential areas.
Source: Congress for New Urbanism (http://www.cnu.org)
72
This Supreme Court case found that a zoning ordinance was invalid as applied to a landowner whose land was restricted to residential uses because it did not promote health, safety, or general welfare.
A)
Nectow v. City of Cambridge
B)
Agins v. City of Tiburon
C)
First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. County of Los Angeles
D)
City of Monterey v. Del Monte Dunes at Monterey
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A(Nectow v. City of Cambridge).
Nectow v. City of Cambridge, 277 U.S. 183 (1928).
The Court invalidated a zoning ordinance as applied to a landowner whose land was restricted to residential uses. Relying on the findings that the zoning did not promote health, safety or general welfare, the Court struck down the ordinance as applied because it did not bear a substantial relation to these goals. Source: www.communityrights.org
73
What was the title of Ian McHarg's famous book?
A)
The Death and Life of Great American Cities
B)
Design with Nature
C)
Regional Survey of New York and Its Environs
D)
Site Planning
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B(Design with Nature).
McHarg wrote Design with Nature in 1969. This was the first book to describe an ecologically sound approach to the planning and design of communities, Design with Nature has done much over the past 25 years to shape public environmental policy. With a distinct emphasis on human cooperation and biological partnership in design, McHarg explores the relationship between the built environment and nature to illustrate how both can be used to their full potential without being detrimental or destructive to each other. Design with Nature provides a combination of scientific insight and constructive design, and shows how to employ what nature offers to the fullest extent without imposing limitations or design constraints to create a balanced and self-renewing environment.
Source: www.planning.org
74
This type of zoning allows property owners with limited development rights to buy additional rights from another property owner.
A)
TDRs
B)
Exclusive Classification
C)
PUD
D)
Pyramid
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A(TDRs).
Zoning districts may be set up into many different ways. 1. Cumulative (or pyramid), this is when permitted uses automatically accumulate from one district to each successive one. In this, the single detached residence is the top. 2)Exclusive classification, allows no uses in districts than the uses for which they were created. An example for this is to stop residential from "taking over" another land use like commercial and then protesting when a commercial use is proposed. 3)Performance Standards, establish objective thresholds and maximum limits of the effects or characteristics of a land use (e.g.: allowable amount of noise). 4)Performance Zoning, regulates the character of the use instead of simply just regulating the use itself. 5)Mixed-Use districts, permitting mixed uses. 6)Planned Unit Developments (PUD), allows a mix of uses and flexibility in design as well as flexibility in density and dimensional requirements. 7) Overlay zones, these add requirements "on top" of zoning districts. 8)Incentive Zoning, cities can use these to encourage development that exceeds the minimum standards. (e.g.: density bonus) 9)Transferable Development Rights (TDR), allows property owners with limited development rights to buy additional rights from another property owner. (in the case of some historic buildings for example) Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 142-144.
75
The first Earth Day occurred on....
A)
April 22, 1969
B)
April 22, 1970
C)
April 22, 1971
D)
April 22, 1972
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B(April 22, 1970).
The first "Earth Day," was on April 22, 1970. 20 million Americans took to the streets, parks, and auditoriums to demonstrate for a healthy, sustainable environment. Denis Hayes was the national coordinator of several coast-to-coast rallies. Thousands of colleges and universities organized protests against the deterioration of the environment. Groups that had been fighting against oil spills, polluting factories and power plants, raw sewage, toxic dumps, pesticides, freeways, the loss of wilderness, and the extinction of wildlife suddenly realized they shared common values. Source: www.earthday.net However, the American Planning Association website states that the first Earth Day was on January 1, 1970. If this is in fact the correct date please let us know.
76
One of the key products of the Environmental Indicators Initiative will be developing and publishing a “_______________,”
A)
State of the Environment Report
B)
Survey of the Environmental Indicators
C)
Survey of the Environment
D)
State of the EPA
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A(State of the Environment Report).
One of the key products of the Environmental Indicators Initiative will be developing and publishing a “State of the Environment Report,” using available national-level data and indicators to describe environmental conditions and human health concerns. Source:http://www.epa.gov/indicate/
77
According to the ITE's "Parking Generation", based on the ranges of generation factors, medical centers have a peak space factor of.....
A)
0.05 - 1.0 spaces per employee
B)
1.0 - 2.0 spaces per employee
C)
0.75 - 1.0 spaces per employee
D)
0.10 - 0.75 spaces per employee
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D(0.10 - 0.75 spaces per employee).
Medical centers have a peak space factor of 0.1-0.75 spaces per employee. The source for this table is ITE, "Parking Generation", 2nd edition, 1987. Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 159, Figure 6, Ranges of Generation Factors.
78
What year was the American Society of Planning Officials created?
A)
1904
B)
1914
C)
1924
D)
1934
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D(1934).
In 1934 the American Society of Planning Officials was founded, an organization for planners, planning commissioners, and planning-related public officials. Source: www.planning.org
79
Which of the following was involved with the sector theory?
A)
Paul Davidoff
B)
Adam Smith
C)
Jacob Riis
D)
Homer Hoyt
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D(Homer Hoyt ).
1939 - Homer Hoyt's influential "sector theory" of urban structure appears in his monograph, The Structure and Growth of Residential Neighborhoods in American Cities.
Source:www.planning.org
80
Between 1992 and 1997, what is true about Texas?
A)
had the largest number of endangered species
B)
had the largest increase in suburban homes
C)
lost the most high quality agriculture land to development
D)
had the lowest number of new homes constructed
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C(lost the most high quality agriculture land to development).
Source, APA Planning Magazine July 2002, "Keeping Em Down on the Farm" by Valerie Berton, page 26. A 1997 report by the American Farmland Trust, showed that Texas had lost the most high quality agricultural land than any other state with runners up being, North Carolina, Ohio, Georgia, Louisiana, Florida, Illinois, Tennessee, Indiana, and California.
81
Who was the first Secretary of HUD?
A)
Lawrence Veiller
B)
Andrew Thomas
C)
Robert Weaver
D)
John D. Rockefeller, Jr.
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C(Robert Weaver).
Robert Weaver was HUD's first Secretary and was the first African-American cabinet member.
Source:www.planning.org
82
Tonight you are to present before City Council a report that speaks about the economic impact a proposed land fill would have on the community. Your report supports the land fill based upon the data that your staff has prepared and analyzed. Prior to the meeting, a Council person approaches you. This particular Council person was elected with the platform of not supporting the land fill. He asks that you go against your findings because he sees the numbers differently. You know from all of your work that this is not true and that it is a wrong way of looking at the data. Just before the meeting starts, hundreds of protestors march in against the land fill. Which of the following is the BEST option for you?
A)
You realize the effect that this Council person could have on your career at the City, you change your recommendation at the meeting to go against the data and the land fill.
B)
You realize that the community is showing strong support against the land fill, and even though your responsibility was to provide economic effects, you decide to change your stance against the land fill.
C)
You and your staff are responsible for providing the Council, with clear and accurate data, they are the decision makers, you should continue to present your report as planned.
D)
You are not sure now on what you should do, so you ask to pull the report from the agenda and go back to the drawing board with your staff to alter the data to support not building the land fill.
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C(You and your staff are responsible for providing the Council, with clear and accurate data, they are the decision makers, you should continue to present your report as planned.).
The BEST option is Answer C, your task was to present a report based on economic facts that showed if there would be a economic benefit for the land fill to be located in the City or not. Answer A would have you going against the data and therefore not presenting clear or accurate data. Answer B would have you changing your stance based upon the hundreds of protestors that showed up to show their support against the land fill. As stated earlier, your report was based on economics, and it is up to Council to weigh all of the facts. Answer D, would have you changing your analysis away from what the data clearly says, this obviously is the wrong thing to do in this case.
Source: "Professional Practice Manual" by Les Solin, AICP, American Planning Association, Washington, DC, Chicago, IL, 1997, page 10.
83
What growth management technique involves the landowner to sell the development rights to a developer who then uses those development rights to increase the density of houses on another piece of property at another location?
A)
Concurrency Law
B)
Delphi Method
C)
Urban Boundary Line
D)
Transfer of Development Rights
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D(Transfer of Development Rights
).
The most common TDR program allows the landowner to sell the development rights to a developer who then uses those development rights to increase the density of houses on another piece of property at another location (i.e., going from 1/4 acre per unit to 1/6 acre per unit). A variation of that type of a TDR would be a situation in which the developer transfers the development rights from one property to another property the developer owns. The higher density that developers are able to realize is the incentive for them to buy development rights. Source: http://ohioline.osu.edu
84
What type of pollutants are those related to overland run-off of rainwater and has multiple entry points into a water body?
A)
Point
B)
Ambient
C)
Non-point
D)
Effluent
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C(Non-point).
Non-point pollutants are those related to overland run-off of rainwater and has multiple entry points into a body of water. Source: Environmental Planning, by Steven Gordon, AICP, 1989, The Ohio State University.
85
What 1987 case dealt decided that even a temporary taking requires compensation?
A)
Brown v. Board of Education
B)
Golden v. Planning Board of Ramapo
C)
Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty
D)
First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. County of Los Angeles
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D(First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. County of Los Angeles ).
In the 1987 First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. County of Los Angeles, the U.S. Supreme Court found that even a temporary taking requires compensation.
86
Although this varies across the country, on average, for an efficient home heating system, use this level of insulation as a minimum for exterior walls.
A)
R-10- R-40
B)
R-30- R-39
C)
R-11- R-28
D)
R-40- R-50
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C(R-11- R-28).
We have also added the Department of Energy's website link that discusses in great detail the minimum recommended "R" ratings for each area of the country. Depending on the seasonal averages of the region, the R rating varies. For example, Chicago requires a higher rating than Arizona. For new construction or home additions, R-11 to R-28 insulation is recommended for exterior walls depending on location.
Source: www.eere.org.
Insulation creates a barrier between your home and the outdoor elements. It is very important to insulate walls, attics, crawlspaces and storage areas. The basic provisions are:
Walls (cavity + sheathing): R-19 Ceilings: R-49
Floors: R-25
An older source of information used to say that for efficient heating try in-floor hydronics, radiators and other versions using a gas or solid fuel boiler and where the heating medium is water or treated water will save millions of watts in electricity. A maximum insulation will vary with climate, but R-30 is a minimum.
Source: http://www.planetarysystems.com/
87
TDM stands for...
A)
Transit Demand Management
B)
Transit Determined by Municipality
C)
Transportation Demand Management
D)
Transportation Determined by Measurables
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C(Transportation Demand Management).
Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 156. TDM has begun to take the place of capacity expansion as a method to improve roadway operating conditions. TDM involves strategies such as encouraging HOV vehicles, building HOV lanes, encouraging home office, transit use, ride sharing, and alternative modes of transportation.
88
What is significant about Cincinnati, Ohio?
A)
the first American city to officially endorse a comprehensive plan
B)
the first American City to create a Planning Commission
C)
the first City to use eminent domain
D)
All of the above
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A(the first American city to officially endorse a comprehensive plan ).
In 1925 Cincinnati, Ohio became first major American city officially to endorse a comprehensive plan. (Alfred Bettman, Ladislas Segoe.) Source: www.planning.org
89
Which of the following cases deals with the Supreme Court finding that there was no taking because the government did not deny the landowners of all economically viable use of their land?
A)
Pumpelly v. Green Bay Co.
B)
Agins v. City of Geneva
C)
Agins v. City of Tiburon
D)
Berman v. Parker
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C(Agins v. City of Tiburon).
Agins v. City of Tiburon, 447 U.S. 255 (1980).
The Court rejected a takings challenge to the zoning ordinances that allowed the claimants to build between one and five homes on their five-acre parcel. Because the landowners had not submitted development plans as permitted by the ordinances.
The Court concluded that there was no concrete controversy regarding the application of the ordinances to the land. The Court also held that there was no facial taking because the ordinances did not deny the landowners of all economically viable use of the land and substantially advanced the State's legitimate interest in preserving open space.
Source:http://www.communityrights.org
90
According to the Highway Capacity Manual (1994), if the roadway has a "B" service level, which of the following is true?
A)
stable flow, short delays and speed somewhat restricted
B)
very low speeds, frequent stoppages, volume is greater than capacity
C)
free flow, high operating speed with no delays
D)
stable flow, moderate delays, and the speed is determined by traffic
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A(stable flow, short delays and speed somewhat restricted ).
Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 156. See Figure 3, Roadway Level of Service Descriptions. Level B is stable flow, short delays and speed somewhat restricted.
91
Which type of legal survey uses a POB?
A)
Metes and Bounds
B)
Rectangular Survey
C)
Recorded Plat
D)
Lot and Block
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A(Metes and Bounds).
The correct answer is Metes and Bounds. It relies on a property’s physical features to determine the boundaries and measurements of the parcel. This type of Survey starts at a point of beginning (POB) and from there, the surveyor moves around the boundary. The boundaries are recorded by referring to linear measurements, directions, as well as natural and artificial landmarks (monuments). Monuments are fixed objects that are used to identify POBs or boundary intersections and can be a stone, river, highway, or iron post. This survey always ends back at the POB. The words “more or less” are used in this type of survey because the location of the monuments is more important than the actual distance stated in the wording. Source: “Modern Real Estate Practice in Illinois” Third Edition, Galaty, Allaway, and Kyle, Chicago, Illinois, 1999, Chapter Nine.
92
How many Federally-recognized tribes are there?
A)
155
B)
455
C)
562
D)
1555
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C(562).
According to the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA); which is responsible for the administration and management of 55.7 million acres of land held in trust by the United States for American Indians, Indian tribes, and Alaska Natives. The BIA says that there are 562 federal recognized tribal governments in the United States.
Source:http://endangered.fws.gov
93
Which type of legal survey is done in two main steps, first a large parcel is described by possibly a rectangular survey, and second part has this surveyed property broken down into smaller parcels?
A)
Metes and Bounds
B)
Rectangular Survey
C)
Recorded Plat System
D)
Government Survey
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C(Recorded Plat System).
The correct answer is the Recorded Plat system also called the Lot and Block System. This system uses lot and block numbers that are referred to in a plat map that is filed in the public records of the county where the land is located. Source: “Modern Real Estate Practice in Illinois” Third Edition, Galaty, Allaway, and Kyle, Chicago, Illinois, 1999, Chapter Nine.
94
San Antonio had a flood in 1998 that resulted in which of the following?
1) The City had to buyout homes that were in the floodplain
2) All of the residents were in favor of the home buyouts
3) The City implemented regulatory floodplain preservation
A)
1,2
B)
1,3
C)
2,3
D)
All of the above
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B(1,3).
A flood in 1998 opened a lot of eyes in San Antonio and resulted in a focus on stormwater management issues. It was a serious flood that led San Antonio into a floodplain management strategy using buyouts and regulatory floodplain preservation where before it had relied almost solely on structural alternatives and kept away from regulatory controls.
Now, new developments are responsible for stormwater retention and a new stormwater utility has been created.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, November 2001, "Getting Out from Under" by Dave Pasley, AICP page 20.
95
Sir Raymond Unwin designed which of the following?
A)
Radburn, NJ
B)
Hampstead Garden
C)
Riverside, IL
D)
All of the above
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B(Hampstead Garden).
Source, www. York.ac.uk. Unwin, Sir Raymond
1863-1940, was an English architect and town planner. He designed the first English garden city near Letchworth, the New Earwick development in Yorkshire, and Hampstead Garden suburb near London. He lectured on housing and city planning at the Univ. of Birmingham (1911-14) and at Columbia Univ. (1936-40). His Town Planning in Practice (1909) is a standard work in its field. Another interesting fact is that Unwin was knighted in 1932.
In 1940 Unwin Died at the summer home of his daughter , Mrs. Curtice Hitchcock at Old Lyme, Connecticut on June 28th at the age of 76.
96
In the ongoing case over the Hudson River cleanup and General Electric, the Superfund Law plays a major role, what is true of the Superfund law?
1. A Federal Government program
2. Created to clean up the nations uncontrolled hazardous waste sites
3. A State program
4. Says the polluter pays for the site cleanup, and if no one can be identified, Superfund money can be used to pay for the cleanup.
A)
1, 2, 3, 4
B)
1, 2
C)
2, 3, 4
D)
1, 2, 4
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D(1, 2, 4).
Superfund is the Federal government's program to clean up the nation's uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Under the Superfund program, abandoned, accidentally spilled, or illegally dumped hazardous waste that pose a current or future threat to human health or the environment are cleaned up.
To accomplish its mission, EPA works closely with communities, Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs), scientists, researchers, contractors, and state, local, tribal, and Federal authorities. Together with these groups, EPA identifies hazardous waste sites, tests the conditions of the sites, formulates cleanup plans, and cleans up the sites. The Superfund Trust Fund was set up to pay for the cleanup of these sites. The money comes mainly from taxes on the chemical and petroleum industries. The Trust Fund is used primarily when those companies or people responsible for contamination at Superfund sites cannot be found, or cannot perform or pay for the cleanup work.
Source, APA Planning Magazine February 2002, "GE, EPE and PCB's" by Jill Fisher, AICP, page 23.
A popular question from our members is, "Who pays for the cleanup?". From the Superfund website it states that one of EPA's top priorities is to get those responsible for the contamination (the PRPs) to clean up the site. If the PRP cannot be found, is not viable, or refuses to cooperate, EPA, the state, or tribe may cleanup the site using Superfund money. EPA may seek to recover the cost of clean up from those parties that do not cooperate.
Source: EPA.com
97
The Indian Reorganization Act was passed in....
A)
1904
B)
1934
C)
1914
D)
1974
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B(1934).
The Indian Reorganization Act was passed in 1934 in the United States in an attempt to secure new rights for Native Americans on reservations.
Source: http://www.slider.com
98
Relating to a public planning agency, which of the following deals primarily with direct services?
A)
Staff function
B)
City Manager
C)
Line function
D)
Planning Commission
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C(Line function).
Relating to a public planning agency, Line Functions deal primarily with direct services such as police and fire services. Staff functions deal with general services such as providing information or services to the Line units. It should be noted that Public Planning involves both line and staff functions. Source: "Management and Organization of Planning" by Louise Mercuro, AICP, page 104, from the "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP)", 2002 version, Chapter Presidents Council.
99
What was completed in 1936 that sustains the population and much of the activities in Nevada, California, and Arizona?
A)
The Colorado Aqueduct
B)
The Hoover Dam
C)
The Alaskan Pipeline
D)
The Utah Aqueduct
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B(The Hoover Dam).
1936 - Hoover Dam on the Colorado River completed. Creates and sustains population growth and industrial development in Nevada, California, and Arizona. Source:www.planning.org
100
What can be described as a technique used to figure out what steps in a project will be most critical to the project moving forward?
A)
PERT
B)
Linear Programming
C)
GANTT
D)
Critical Path Method
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D(Critical Path Method).
Critical Path Method is used to figure out what steps in a project will be most critical to the project moving forward. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Quantitative Methods" pages 162-164.
101
The Consistency Requirement involves which of the following?
A)
Rezonings complying with the Comprehensive Plan
B)
applies to both the zoning map and the zoning ordinance
C)
involves a detailed process of zoning conformance
D)
All of the above
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D(All of the above).
In some states, including Florida, California, and Oregon, regarding rezonings, the enabling law has changed to limit the legislative discretion of the local government. Local government in these cases must adopt a comprehensive plan and have development regulations that go along with it. this is called the consistency requirement. Rezonings must fit with the comprehensive plan. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 146.
102
According to the Department of Agriculture, what has happened to 2.2 million acres of land each year in the US?
A)
developed
B)
flooded
C)
sold
D)
burnt
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A(developed).
Source, APA Planning Magazine October 2001, "Greening the American Dream?" by Trip Pollard, page 10. According to the Department of Agriculture, development consumed more than 25 million acres in the U.S. between 1982 and 1997, and the pace is quickening. Most recently, an average of 2.2 million acres has been developed each year.
103
Exactions can be defined as....
A)
the city's financial responsibilities for private improvements associated with the development
B)
The removal of a rezoning request from the rezoning process
C)
the subdivider's financial responsibilities for public improvements associated with the development
D)
the cancellation of a governmentally funded project
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C(the subdivider's financial responsibilities for public improvements associated with the development).
Exactions can be described as the subdivider's financial responsibilities for public improvements associated with the development. Examples of exactions include land or cash-in-lieu dedications for park land and new schools. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 147.
104
This Supreme Court case dealt with the issue of a taking and a monetary remedy.
A)
First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. County of Los Angeles
B)
Agins v. City of Tiburon
C)
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council
D)
Village of Euclid v. Ambler Realty Co.
Submit
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A(First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. County of Los Angeles).
First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. County of Los Angeles, 482 U.S. 304 (1987).
First English Evangelical Lutheran Church challenged a ban on development in a flood plain imposed after a flood destroyed the church's campground for mentally-retarded children. The lower courts refused to allow the church to pursue a claim for money damages. The Supreme Court assumed that the ban effected a taking and thus isolated the question of whether invalidation is a sufficient remedy for an uncompensated taking. The Court held that invalidation by itself is inadequate because the Fifth Amendment requires some monetary remedy. When faced with a judicial ruling that a regulatory taking has occurred, the government may either choose to (1) keep the regulation in effect and pay the owner for a permanent taking, or (2) rescind the regulation and pay temporary damages for the time the regulation was in effect. Source:http://www.communityrights.org
105
The Environmental Indicators Initiative includes all but which of the following?
A)
EPA's long-term goal is to improve the indicators and data that are used to guide the Agency's strategic plans, priorities, performance reports, and decision-making
B)
A document that will identify where research, data quality improvements, and information are already sufficient
C)
identify where additional research, data quality improvements, and information are needed
D)
will improve the Agency's ability to report on the status of and trends in environmental conditions and their impacts on human health and the nation's natural resources
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B(A document that will identify where research, data quality improvements, and information are already sufficient ).
It is said that the EPA's "Environmental Indicators Initiative" will improve the Agency's ability to report on the status of and trends in environmental conditions and their impacts on human health and the nation's natural resources. By using available data and indicators, EPA and its partners are drafting a "State of the Environment Report" that will address many of the public's FAQs and document the progress that the United States is making in meeting our national environmental and health protection goals. The Report will also address environmental issues which EPA would like the public to better understand.
The Indicators Initiative will also identify where additional research, data quality improvements, and information are needed. The EPA's long-term goal is to improve the indicators and data that are used to guide the Agency's strategic plans, reports, and decision-making. Source:http://www.epa.gov
106
A variance can be described as...
A)
a form of relief from requirements of an ordinance based upon "unnecessary hardships"
B)
an unnecessary hardship on a land owner
C)
something that cannot be granted by a board of adjustment
D)
something that cannont be granted by a board of zoning appeals
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A(a form of relief from requirements of an ordinance based upon "unnecessary hardships").
Variances are forms of administrative relief from ordinance requirements that are based upon "unnecessary hardships". They are generally granted by a board of adjustment or board of zoning appeals.
Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Planning Law" by Sharon Puryear, AICP, Greensboro, NC, page 120.
107
Ambient Standards can be defined as which of the following?
A)
standards for air and water quality relating to the quality of the receiving environment that is used to judge the overall improvements in the environmental quality
B)
standards for air and water quality relating to the quality of the producer that is used to judge the overall improvements in the environmental quality
C)
standards for air quality only
D)
standards are for air and water quality relating to the discharges into the environment from specific industrial, municipal, and other sources of pollution
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A(standards for air and water quality relating to the quality of the receiving environment that is used to judge the overall improvements in the environmental quality ).
According to the EPA, ambient standards are for air and water quality relating to the quality of the receiving environment that is used to judge the overall improvements in the environmental quality.
Source: www.EPA.com.
*NOTE: There has been a great deal of discussion about this question over the years. Currently the definition includes both Air AND water quality. If you find evidence that it is either one or the other and not both, please email us.
108
The Sonoran Desert Conservation Plan…
A)
has taken conservation planning to the next level
B)
covers 9,000 sq. miles of Pima County's desert
C)
has habitat and corridor elements
D)
All of the above
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D(All of the above).
Source: APA Planning Magazine, March 2002, "Outstanding Planning: A Plan", by Blake Morlock, page 6. The plan has taken conservation planning to the next level by integrating cultural resources, ecosystems, economic growth, with future development. The plan covers the desert expanse of Pima County's 9,000 square miles.
109
"Standard Deviation" can be described as which of the following?
A)
a measure of distribution around the mean
B)
the square root of the variance
C)
the difference between the lowest and highest score
D)
None of the above
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B(the square root of the variance).
Standard Deviation can be described as the root of the variance. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Quantitative Methods" pages 162-164.
110
Which type of legal description would look like this?
The S1/2 of the NW1/4 of the SE1/4 of Section 12., Township 8 North, Range 6 West of the Fourth Principal Meridian.
A)
Metes and Bounds
B)
Rectangular Survey
C)
Lot and Block
D)
Recorded Plat
Submit
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B(Rectangular Survey).
The correct answer is Rectangular Survey which can also be called a Government Survey. To determine the location and size of a property in this method, start at the end and work backward to the beginning reading from right to left. Source: “Modern Real Estate Practice in Illinois” Third Edition, Galaty, Allaway, and Kyle, Chicago, Illinois, 1999, Chapter Nine.
111
Of the top cities in the US by population, which of these cities in the top ten, had the largest decrease of population change from 1990 to 2000 at -7.5%?
A)
Chicago
B)
Los Angeles
C)
Detroit
D)
Philadelphia
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C(Detroit).
Detroit, Mich. had a population in the 2000 census of 951,270 and in the 1990 census 1,027,974. A numeric population change of –76,704, or a percent population change of –7.5. It dropped from 7 on the list to 10. Source: http://www.infoplease.com
112
Which of the following is a new type of zoning that can be used in Denver near light rail stations?
A)
Transit Mixed-Use
B)
R2
C)
R1
D)
New Urbanism
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A(Transit Mixed-Use).
The new zoning code in Denver is the Transit mixed-use zoning (TMU-30) which allows floor area ratios of up to 5:1 and reduces parking requirements because of the proximity to a light rail station.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, January 2003, "Refilling Colorado" by Michael Leccese and Kathleen McCormick, page 24.
113
According to the 2000 US Census, what was the percentage of homes with 2 persons in 2000?
A)
12.1%
B)
22.1%
C)
33.1%
D)
43.1%
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C(33.1%).
According to the 2000 Census, the percentage of homes with 2 persons was 33.1% The highest percentage of the number of persons.
Source:http://www.infoplease.com
114
What issue did Munn v. Illinois (1876) deal with?
A)
depriving property without due process of law
B)
zoning
C)
eminent domain
D)
historic preservation
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A(depriving property without due process of law).
The issue in this case was whether the regulation of railroad rates by the state of Illinois deprived the railroad companies of property without due process of law, put another way, the issue of public-private property/free enterprise v. State rights.
The Supreme Court of the United States upheld the Illinois law because the movement and storage of grain were considered to be closely related to public interest. This type of economic activity could be governed by state legislatures, whereas purely private contracts could only be governed by the courts. Source: www.tourolaw.edu.
115
What recent case dealt with the issue of a moratorium on development?
A)
Palazzolo v. Rhode Island (2001)
B)
Suitum v. Tahoe regional Planning Agency (1997)
C)
Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency (2002)
D)
Dolan v. City of Tigard (1994)
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C(Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency (2002)).
On April 23, 2002, the US Supreme Court said that a government should NOT be required to compensate property owners for every development moratorium, regardless of its purpose, duration, or potential impact on property values.
Source, APA Planning Magazine June 2002, "A Win for Lake Tahoe" by Lora Lucero and Jeffrey Soule, page 4.
116
What can be described as a technique to find the optimum design solution for a project?
A)
PERT
B)
Linear Programming
C)
Critical Path Programming
D)
Shift Share
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B(Linear Programming).
Linear Programming can be described as a technique to find the optimum design solution for a project. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Quantitative Methods" pages 162-164.
117
What is significant about Mariemont, Ohio?
A)
was the last community planned by Burnham
B)
was the first community planned by Andres Duaney
C)
foreshadowed the New Urbanism movement
D)
the last community planned by Ebenezer Howard
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C(foreshadowed the New Urbanism movement ).
In 1923 construction began at Mariemont, Ohio, in suburban Cincinnati. Mary Emery was its founder and benefactor; John Nolen, the planner. Some of its features (short blocks, mixture of rental and owner-occupied housing) foreshadow the contemporary New Urbanism movement. Source:www.planning.org
118
What are incorporated cities and unincorporated communities identified by the Census Bureau, usually with input from local and county planners?
A)
Metropolitan Area
B)
Edge City
C)
Census Designated Places
D)
Census Areas
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C(Census Designated Places).
Source, APA Planning Magazine July 2002, " The War of the Ages " by C. Williamson, AICP, page 8. CDP's are incorporated cities and unincorporated communities identified by the Census Bureau, usually with input from local and county planners.
119
PERT can be described as which of the following?
A)
a mathematical technique that is used to find a project's optimum design solution
B)
used to determine which steps in a project are most critical
C)
a graphic depiction of the interrelationships of the tasks that make up the project.
D)
None of the above
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C(a graphic depiction of the interrelationships of the tasks that make up the project. ).
Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is a scheduling technique. It graphically depicts the interrelationships of the tasks that make up the project. It is used to help control the cost and time of a project. Five main points of PERT are: 1) focuses of key aspects of program development. 2) Identifies potential problems 3) facilitates evaluation of programming 4) provides a speedy reporting device 5) improves the quality management of the decision-making.
Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Quantitative Methods" pages 162-164.
120
According to the 2000 US Census, what state showed the highest rate of growth in Hispanic population?
A)
California
B)
North Carolina
C)
Illinois
D)
Texas
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B(North Carolina).
The 2000 Census revealed that North Carolina, with a 394 percent increase, showed the country's greatest growth in Hispanic population. Source, APA Planning Magazine July 2002, "A City Transformed " by Karen Martin, page 14.
121
What were positive results of the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympic Games?
A. Light Rail
B. Recreational Facilities
C. Upgrades in telecommunication
D. Improvements and repairs to existing roads and interchanges.
A)
A, B, C, D
B)
A, B, C
C)
A only
D)
A, B, D
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A(A, B, C, D).
The 2002 Salt Lake Olympic games was a tremendous source of capital improvements to not only the city but the region as a whole. Another interesting point of these games was the heightened security and safety systems that were used for all of the visitors. Source: APA Planning Magazine, February 2002, "A Peak Experience" by Steve Osborne, page 9.
122
What type of regulation includes impact fees, growth management controls, and land recordation?
A)
Subdivision Regulation
B)
Zoning
C)
Land Use
D)
Comprehensive Planning
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A(Subdivision Regulation).
Subdivision regulations control and record the process of subdividing land. A result of subdivision regulations is the preservation of land records by platting and mapping. Another result is that developers design and construct developments properly. They include, 1)land recordation, 2)local design and construction standards for improvements and lots, 3)dedication requirements in the form of land or cash-in-lieu, 4)use of developer's impact fees, 5)the institution of growth management controls. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 147.
123
This is a federal law passed in 1978 that requires utilities to buy power from eligible cogeneration sources, small hydro or waste-fueled facilities, under contracts at an avoided cost rate.
A)
PURPA
B)
PRPA
C)
NEB
D)
NEC
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A(PURPA).
The Public Utilities Regulatory Policy Act (PURPA) is a 1978 federal law that requires utilities to buy power from eligible cogeneration sources, small hydro or waste-fueled facilities, under contracts at an avoided cost rate. Source: http://www.energyguide.com
124
A confidence interval could be described as which of the following?
A)
a probability test for the acceptance or rejection of a hypothesis
B)
a technique to find the optimum design solution for a project
C)
a range of values that includes a certain population parameter with a given probability
D)
a probability distribution that is symmetrical around the mean
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C(a range of values that includes a certain population parameter with a given probability).
A confidence interval is a range of values that includes a certain population parameter with a given probability. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Quantitative Methods", page 163, 2002 Version.
125
While living in the "garden suburb" of Forest Hills Gardens, New York, this person worked on their "neighborhood unit"?
A)
Clarence Perry
B)
George Pullman
C)
Ebenezer Howard
D)
Jane Jacobs
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A(Clarence Perry).
Clarence Perry (1872-1944) worked on the neighborhood scale within the city. While living in the "garden suburb" of Forest Hills Gardens, New York, he worked on his scheme for the "neighborhood unit"--a self-contained residential area that would be bounded by major streets, with shops at the intersections and a school in the middle. LB Source: www.planning.org
126
This joint Canadian/American project was opened in 1959...
A)
The St. Lawrence Seaway
B)
The Niagara River
C)
The Erie Canal
D)
NAFTA
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A(The St. Lawrence Seaway).
In 1959 the St. Lawrence Seaway was completed. This joint U.S.-Canada project created, in effect, a fourth North American seacoast, opening the American heartland to sea-going vessels.
Source:www.planning.org
127
Who designed Hampstead Garden suburb near London?
A)
Sir Raymond Unwin
B)
Ebenezer Howard
C)
Frank Lloyd Wright
D)
Ian McHarg
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A(Sir Raymond Unwin).
Source, www. York.ac.uk, Unwin, Sir Raymond
1863-1940, was an English architect and town planner. He designed the first English garden city near Letchworth, the New Earwick development in Yorkshire, and Hampstead Garden suburb near London. He lectured on housing and city planning at the Univ. of Birmingham (1911-14) and at Columbia Univ. (1936-40). His Town Planning in Practice (1909) is a standard work in its field. Also, and interesting note, Unwin was knighted in 1932.
In, 1940 Unwin died at the summer home of his daughter , Mrs. Curtice Hitchcock at Old lyme, Connecticut on June 28th at the age of 76.
128
Which type of zoning can be described as regulating the character of the use instead of simply just regulating the use itself?
A)
Performance
B)
Incentive
C)
Cumulative
D)
PUD
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A(Performance).
Zoning districts may be set up into many different ways. 1. Cumulative (or pyramid), this is when permitted uses automatically accumulate from one district to each successive one. In this, the single detached residence is the top. 2)Exclusive classification, allows no uses in districts than the uses for which they were created. An example for this is to stop residential from "taking over" another land use like commercial and then protesting when a commercial use is proposed. 3)Performance Standards, establish objective thresholds and maximum limits of the effects or characteristics of a land use (e.g.: allowable amount of noise). 4)Performance Zoning, regulates the character of the use instead of simply just regulating the use itself. 5)Mixed-Use districts, permitting mixed uses. 6)Planned Unit Developments (PUD), allows a mix of uses and flexibility in design. 7) Overlay zones, these add requirements "on top" of zoning districts. 8)Incentive Zoning, cities can use these to encourage development that exceeds the minimum standards. 9)Transferable Development Rights (TDR), allows property owners with limited development rights to buy additional rights from another property owner. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 142-144.
129
What can be described as a line, point, or surface from which elevations are measured or indicated?
A)
Air Lot
B)
Section
C)
Range
D)
Datum
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D(Datum
).
The correct answer is Datum. A datum is a line, point, or surface from which elevations are measured or indicated. According to the US Geological Survey (USGS) datum is defined as the mean sea level at New York Harbor. Source: “Modern Real Estate Practice in Illinois” Third Edition, Galaty, Allaway, and Kyle, Chicago, Illinois, 1999, Chapter Nine.
130
Cartway, can be defined as which of the following?
A)
the portion of the street right-of-way that is traveled
B)
the portion of the street right-of-way that is not traveled
C)
the portion of the street right-of-way that contains the utilities
D)
None of the above
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A(the portion of the street right-of-way that is traveled).
The cartway is the portion of the right-of-way that is traveled upon. The street's right-of-way also contains the traffic signs, utilities above and below ground, and the sidewalks. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Development Regulations" by Teresa Wilkinson, AICP, Gretna, LA, page 148.
131
According to the ITE's "Parking Generation", which of the following has a peak parking space factor of 0.67 - 3.5 parking spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of GLA?
A)
industrial
B)
office
C)
shopping center
D)
restaurant
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A(industrial ).
An industrial building has a peak parking space factor of 0.67 - 3.5 parking spaces per 1,000 sq. ft. of GLA.
Source: "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the AICP", Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, chapter entitled, "Transportation Planning" by Ben Orsbon, AICP, Pierre, SD., page 159, Figure 6, Ranges of Generation Factors. The source for this table is ITE, "Parking Generation", 2nd edition, 1987.
132
In a public planning agency, a Line Function deals with which of the following?
A)
Political Services
B)
Indirect Services
C)
General Services
D)
Direct Services
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D(Direct Services).
Relating to a public planning agency, Line Functions deal primarily with direct services such as police and fire services. Staff functions deal with general services such as providing information or services to the Line units. It should be noted that Public Planning involves both line and staff functions. Source: "Management and Organization of Planning" by Louise Mercuro, AICP, page 104, from the "Study Guide, Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners (AICP)", 2002 version, Chapter Presidents Council.
133
Denver is known for its greenways and interconnected trails, in January 2003, approximately how many miles of interconnected trails did Metro Denver have?
A)
4
B)
40
C)
400
D)
4000
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C(400).
In January 2003, Metro Denver had well over 400 miles of interconnected trails and greenways and many thousands of acres of protected open space and the system continues to grow.
The term greenway was popularly used by William H. Whyte in the late 1960's.
Greenway can be defined as a major multiuse urban corridor.
The author of the Planning Magazine article, Mr. Robert Searns, says that the greenway concept was probably first applied in Denver, Colorado.
Source: APA Planning Magazine, January 2003, "Happy Trails", by Robert M. Searns, AICP, page 36.
134
This technique can be described as a method of assessing project alternatives by weighing these alternatives according to a group of citizen goals.
A)
Goals-achievement Matrix
B)
Design-In
C)
Charrette
D)
Citizen Advisory Committee
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A(Goals-achievement Matrix).
A Goals-achievement Matrix can be defined as a method of assessing project alternatives by weighing these alternatives according to a group of citizen goals. Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Citizen Participation in Planning" by Terry Langlois, AICP, Memphis TN, page 136.
135
In the United States in the 1990's where was the greatest increase in both obesity and suburban growth?
A)
West Coast
B)
East Coast
C)
South
D)
Mid West
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C(South).
Source, APA Planning Magazine, June 2001, "Fat City's" by Christine Kreyling, pages 4-9. A summary of this article can be found in the "Other Resources" section of this site.
136
In financing, what can be described as, "funds that are accumulated in advance for capital purchase or construction."?
A)
Revenue Bonds
B)
Reserve Funds
C)
General Obligation Bonds
D)
Special Assessments
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B(Reserve Funds).
In financing, "Reserve Funds", can be described as, "funds that are accumulated in advance for capital purchase or construction." Source: "Study Guide Comprehensive Planning Examination of the American Institute of Certified Planners" Published by Chapter Presidents Council American Planning Association, "Budgeting" by Dale F. Bertsch, AICP, Department of City and Regional Planning, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 1989 Department of City and Regional Planning, pages 199-205.
