Practice Quiz

Question 1

Whenever baby Beth hears a loud noise, she responds with a ________ reflex, where she arches her back, throws back her head, flings out her arms and legs, and then rapidly closes her arms and legs.

Answer 1

Moro reflex

Question 2

The double disadvantage suffered by ethnic minority adolescents consists of

Answer 2

diversity and difference

Question 3

Older children, who are ________, recognize that punishment occurs only if someone witnesses the wrongdoing and that even then, punishment is not inevitable

Answer 3

moral autonomists

Question 3

Sita is girl who lives in India; Suki is a girl who lives in Japan. They both have two older brothers. According to research, who is most likely to have better access to education?

Answer 3

Suki

Question 4

Adolescent ________ is the heightened self-consciousness of adolescents

Answer 4

egocentrism

Question 5

Jamie lost his wife many years ago. He is still experiencing enduring despair a year after her death. According to Prigerson & Maciejewski, this type of grief reaction would be labelled as ________ grief

Answer 5

prolonged

Question 6

When Monica was born, she showed the typical grasping reflex by closing her fingers around anything that brushed against her palm. After a few weeks, she showed this grasping behavior even when nothing touched her palm. Monica developed a ________ or a scheme based on a reflex that became completely separated from its eliciting stimulus.

Answer 6

habit

Question 7

Researchers have found that children who have sleep problems:

Answer 7

are more likely to be overweight

Question 8

Ariel wants to describe the strength of the relationship between the number of airplane companies in the world and global warming. Which of the following kinds of research is Ariel most likely to perform?

Answer 8

Correlational

Question 8

When students make the transition to middle or junior high school, they experience the ________ phenomenon, moving from being the oldest, biggest, and most powerful students in the elementary school to being the youngest, smallest, and least powerful students in the middle or junior high school

Answer 8

top dog

Question 9

Psychologists suspect that ________ often results from growing up in below-average intellectual environment.

Answer 9

cultural-familial intellectual disability

Question 9

Three-year-old Amy walks by her grandmother’s collection of glass animals and says “Those are a ‘no-no’; don’t touch.” It would appear that Amy is using ________ to regulate her own behavior.

Answer 9

private speech

Question 10

_______ are the building blocks of cells as well as the regulators that direct the body’s processes.

Answer 10

Proteins

Question 11

According to the fuzzy trace theory, the ________ consists of the precise details of the information.

Answer 11

verbatim memory trace

Question 12

Jule’s 23rd chromosome pair consists of an X chromosome and a Y chromosome. This indicates that Jule:

Answer 12

a boy

Question 12

________ is a program committed to making the end of life as free from pain, anxiety, and depression as possible.

Answer 12

Hospice

Question 12

Jake, age 11 months, is able to pick up cereal and bits of fruit off the tray of his high chair by grasping them with his thumb and forefinger. Jake has developed the:

Answer 12

pincer grasp

Question 13

Red-feathered and blue-feathered birds occupy the same environment. The birds with the red feathers are better able to survive and avoid predators. This means that the population of red-feathered birds should increase in future generations. This illustrates the process of:

Answer 13

natural selection

Question 14

Public attitudes about adolescence:

Answer 14

emerge from a combination of personal experience and media portrayals.

Question 15

The increased capacity for self-regulation that is seen in middle and late childhood is linked to developmental advances in the:

Answer 15

the brains prefrontal cortex

Question 15

During the elementary years, a child’s self-understanding includes increasing reference to all of the following EXCEPT:

Answer 15

physical characteristics

Question 16

A police officer visits Ben and Heather’s class to discuss safety rules. To attract the children’s attention, the officer brings colorful balloons and many jars of bubbles for the children to blow. Later, Heather tells her parents all about the balloons and bubbles but cannot remember any of the safety rules the officer presented. Heather obviously paid more attention to what was:

Answer 16

salient

Question 16

Palma and her husband Frankie are in their mid-forties. Which of the following developmental periods are they currently in?

Answer 16

middle adulthood

Question 16

Which of the following is true about gender differences in adult friendships?

Answer 16

Adult male friendships are more competitive than those of women.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a component of Sternberg's triangular theory of love?

Answer 17

exchange

Question 18

Sets of expectations that prescribe how females and males should think, act, and feel are known as gender:

Answer 18

roles

Question 18

_______ encompasses the behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a particular group of people that are passed on from generation to generation.

Answer 18

Culture

Question 19

A cell that contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, divides by mitosis to form two new cells. How many pairs of chromosomes does each new cell contain?

Answer 19

23 pairs

Question 20

Shoko responds positively to being picked up by others, and when put back down, freely moves away to play. She would most likely be classified as being:

Answer 20

securely attached.

Question 20

In some cases, one gene of a pair always exerts its effects overriding the potential influence of the other gene. This is the ________ principle

Answer 20

dominant-recessive genes

Question 21

"Easy child," "difficult child," and "slow-to-warm-up child" are three basic types of ________ identified by psychiatrists Alexander Chess and Stella Thomas.

Answer 21

temperament

Question 21

Misha has been sent to his room for hitting his baby sister. Later, his mother talks to him about why he cannot treat his sister this way and about other, more acceptable ways for him to express his anger. Which parenting style does this exemplify?

Answer 21

Authoritative parenting

Question 22

Byron can take sticks of different lengths and put them all in order from shortest to longest. He can also discern that if stick A is longer than B and B is longer than C, then A is longer than C. This ability to logically combine relations to understand certain conclusions is:

Answer 22

transitivity

Question 23

Older adults are more likely to die from:

Answer 23

chronic ailments

Question 24

Which of the following biological reasons explains women's increased resistance to infections and degenerative diseases?

Answer 24

Estrogen production and the additional X chromosome

Question 24

Natalie is in the Strange Situation, and she clings anxiously to her caregiver. She does not explore the playroom. She would most likely be classified as being:

Answer 24

insecure resistant

Question 25

Tom is a tall man with undeveloped testes and enlarged breasts. His doctor has determined that he has an extra X chromosome leading to the diagnosis of:

Answer 25

Klinefelter syndrome

Question 26

Colin does not earn high grades on standardized tests but has a black belt in martial arts. According to Gardner, Colin has ________ skills.

Answer 26

spatial

Question 27

Which of the following BEST exemplifies the difference between how mothers and fathers interact with their children?

Answer 27

Fathers are more physical with their children

Question 28

By the time they enter first grade, it is estimated that children know about ________ words.

Answer 28

14,000

Question 28

Infants can see objects before they can control their torso, and they can use their hands long before they can crawl or walk. This would indicate that they have a ________ pattern of growth.

Answer 28

cephalocaudal

Question 29

Latrell is very intelligent but only of average physical attractiveness. The matching hypothesis states that he will choose a partner who:

Answer 29

is of average physical attraction

Question 29

Most of Blanca's classmates call her a "bully," and many say that they "don't like her at all." Very few children consider her to be a friend. Which of the following is Blanca's probable peer status?

Answer 29

Rejected

Question 30

The longitudinal study conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development in 1991 concluded that:

Answer 30

children who were given high-quality child care performed better on cognitive and language tasks.

Question 31

Approximately what percentage of an infant's sleep is REM sleep?

Answer 31

50 percent

Question 33

Which of the following is a result of declining color vision in the green-blue-violet part of the color spectrum?

Answer 33

Difficulty in accurately matching closely related colors.

Question 34

When people become parents through pregnancy, adoption, or step-parenting, they face ________ and must adapt.

Answer 34

disequilibrium

Question 35

Who amongst the following is most likely to be dissatisfied with body image as pubertal change proceeds?

Answer 35

A girl in early adolescence

Question 36

Color vision declines with age due to:

Answer 36

the yellowing of the lens of the eye.

Question 36

Which of the following types of bullying is experienced more frequently by boys than girls?

Answer 36

Belittled about religion or race

Question 36

Angelique has a chromosomal disorder characterized by a missing X chromosome making her XO instead of XX. Angelique's doctors have diagnosed her with ________.

Answer 36

Turner syndrome

Question 37

Michael, aged four, loves playing with toy cars and airplanes, and his idea of play involves wrestling and pushing his friends. Melanie, also aged four, loves playing with her dolls and doll house, and her idea of play is to have a tea party with her dolls and friends. Both are exhibiting:

Answer 37

sex-typed behavior

Question 37

The cephalocaudal pattern is the sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the:

Answer 37

top—the head—with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way down from top to bottom.

Question 37

While scooting on the floor, baby Giovanni fell down the stairs. If he can no longer see, it is likely that his ________ lobe was damaged.

Answer 37

occipital

Question 38

Which of the following is a strategy that adults would recommend to adolescents to help in making friends?

Answer 38

Respect yourself and others

Question 39

________ especially plays a key role in children's ability to manage the demands and conflicts they face in interacting with others. It is an important component of executive function.

Answer 39

Emotion regulation

Question 39

At which stage of Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development does a person understand that values, rights, and principles undergird or transcend the law?

Answer 39

Social contract or utility and individual rights

Question 40

Carrie is a 19-year-old single mother. She often feels overwhelmed and depressed about her situation and frequently neglects her eight-month-old son and his needs. On several occasions, she has slapped his hand when he reaches for her cell phone. Carrie's baby is most likely to develop a(n) ________ toward her.

Answer 40

insecure disorganized attachment

Question 41

Five weeks after conception, the developing organism is called a(n):

Answer 41

embryo

Question 42

According to James Marcia, what determines an individual's identity status?

Answer 42

The existence or extent of their crisis or commitment

Question 43

Which of the following is a problem that can plague cross-gender friendships?

Answer 43

Unclear sexual boundaries

Question 44

The fear of strangers peaks:

Answer 44

toward the end of the first year of life.

Question 44

Identity ________ is James Marcia's term for the status of adolescents who are in the midst of a crisis, and whose commitment levels are either absent or only vaguely defined.

Answer 44

moratorium

Question 45

________ refers to a collection of neurons in the forebrain that are involved in pleasure.

Answer 45

Nucleus accumbens

Question 46

Sandra, 9, was always behind in class because she could only write very slowly, and even then her painstaking efforts would be virtually illegible and riddled with spelling mistakes. Her teacher referred her to a psychologist who diagnosed her with a learning disability called:

Answer 46

dysgraphia

Question 46

Piaget's preoperational stage is so named because he believed that children in this stage of development:

Answer 46

cannot yet perform reversible mental actions

Question 47

A cell that contains 46 chromosomes arranged in 23 pairs undergoes the process of ________ to produce two new cells, each containing the same DNA as the original cell, arranged in the same 23 pairs of chromosomes

Answer 47

mitosis

Question 48

In Piaget's theory, failing the conservation-of-liquid task demonstrates:

Answer 48

centration

Question 49

Which of the following is not true about soothing babies?

Answer 49

Developmental psychologists increasingly agree that soothing a crying baby is important to increasing trust.

Question 50

A fall from the changing table resulted in damage to Emily's temporal lobe. Her doctor has told her parents that this would most likely affect her:

Answer 50

memory

Question 51

When the ________ is delivered, estrogen and progesterone levels drop steeply and remain low until the ovaries start producing hormones again

Answer 51

placenta

Question 52

Monsena is an independent and adventurous child who likes to explore new places in her environment. However, her mother is overprotective and forbids Monsena from going to the backyard or garden at their house. Developmental psychologists would say that this discrepancy concerns:

Answer 52

goodness of fit.

Question 53

_______ are larger than cliques and less personal.

Answer 53

Crowds

Question 54

At which grade level does conformity to peers peak?

Answer 54

Eighth and ninth grades

Question 54

A(n) ________ is a written statement that spells out a program that is specifically tailored for the student with a disability.

Answer 54

individualized education plan (IEP)

Question 55

In the word "falling," both "fall" and "-ing" are considered:

Answer 55

morphemes

Question 55

The belief that children should be encouraged to explore their world, and discover knowledge with the guidance and support of teachers is central to the ________ approach to learning.

Answer 55

constructivist

Question 55

Suzie, aged three, has to eat everything on her plate at dinner. When she does not, her father punishes her by sending her to bed without dinner the next day. Suzie also has strict schedules for playing, watching television, and studying, and any disobedience leads to spanking and punishment. Suzie's father is most likely a(n):

Answer 55

authoritarian parent

Question 55

Behavior geneticist Robert Plomin has found that shared environment:

Answer 55

accounts for little of the variation in children's personality or interests.

Question 56

Children's shows like Sesame Street are:

Answer 56

good at teaching prosocial skills