Wrap up Chapter 5

Question 1

Goodness of Fit

Answer 1

The idea that babies benefit from a good match between their personalities and their caregivers

Question 2

Emotions

Answer 2

Reactions to your thoughts or your environment that involve your body, your thoughts, and your behaviors.

Question 3

Attachment

Answer 3

An emotional bond in a close relationship. Attachment begins with the relationship between infants and their caregivers and may not always be positive

Question 3

Easy Child

Answer 3

emperament, babies who are flexible and usually content
40% of their sample

Question 4

Personality

Answer 4

Habits of emotionally relating and responding to people and events in our lives

Question 5

Temperament

Answer 5

An early pattern of personality in infants and toddlers. easy, slow to warm up, difficult.

Question 6

Strange Situation

Answer 6

An empirical method for evaluating the attachment status of toddlers developed. secure, insecure (resistant, avoidant), disorganized

Question 7

Slow-to-warm-up

Answer 7

temperament, these babies tend to be shy and slow to adjust to new circumstances, but not intense in their responses
15% of their sample

Question 7

Trust vs Mistrust

Answer 7

The infant’s conflict concerns whether or not the world feels safe. Infants with responsive caregivers learn that the world is a reliable place where they are likely to be cared for

Question 7

Difficult Child

Answer 7

temperament, babies who are easily frustrated, are slow to adapt to change, and react intensely. This term is no longer preferred outside of scholarly research.
10% of their sample

Question 8

Inhibition

Answer 8

A baby’s level of fear or shyness in new situations

Question 9

Proximity Seeking

Answer 9

The tendency for children (and adults) to seek comfort by being physically close to someone they are attached to.

Question 9

Empathy

Answer 9

The ability to identify with someone else’s feelings
Everyone is born w the capacity for it

Question 10

Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

Answer 10

Toddlers strive to be independent, or autonomous, as they learn to walk, talk, and feed themselves. They may doubt themselves when they fail or cannot accept necessary limits on their behavior

Question 10

Prosocial

Answer 10

Kind

Question 10

Basic emotions

Answer 10

Distress, happiness, fear, and anger

Question 10

Insecure-Resistant Attachment

Answer 10

in attachment theory, a form of insecure attachment characterized by babies’ angry and hostile responses to their caregiver who they perceive as inconsistent and unreliable

Question 10

Secure Attachment

Answer 10

In attachment theory, children who have a sense of trust in their caregivers that allows them to explore their environment

Question 10

Insecure-Avoidant Attachment

Answer 10

In attachment theory, a form of insecure attachment characterized by babies’ emotional distance from their caregivers who they perceive as being unable to soothe them

Question 10

Insecure Attachment

Answer 10

In attachment theory, children who have not established a sense of trust in their caregivers to soothe them when they are upset

Question 11

Disorganized Attachment

Answer 11

In attachment theory, children who have unusual responses in the Strange Situation procedure and how may be afraid of their caregivers

Question 12

Social Referencing

Answer 12

The use of someone else’s emotional response as a guide before expressing your own reaction to a new place, person, or object.

Question 13

Internal Working Model

Answer 13

In attachment theory, the idea that our early habits of relating to our caregivers create a pattern of relating that we will use later on in our lives

Question 14

Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

Answer 14

Vygotsky’s term for the range of what students can learn with adult help