Flashcards in P.S. Chp.1 Deck (31)
Loading flashcards...
0
Public speaking
Is a way of making your ideas public of sharing them with other people and influencing other people.
1
Skilled used when talking to people
1.) organizing your thoughts logically
2.) tailoring your message to your audience
3.) Telling a story for maximum impact
4.) adapting to listener feedback.
2
Organizing your thoughts
When you speak you do so in the appropriate order and manner a logical flow of sequences
3
Tailoring your message to your audience
How you say something depends on who you are telling it to. Ex telling a fellow student about the process of a pearl vs telling a 9 year old the same process
4
Telling a story for maximum impact
Carefully building up your story/speech adjusting words and tone of voice for best effect
5
Adapting to listener feedback
Reacting to the persons reactions be they physical, verbal, or facial
6
3 major differences between conversation and public speaking
1.) public speaking is more highly structured
2.) public speaking requires more formal language
3.) public speaking requires a different method of delivery
7
Public speaking is highly more structured
Consequently, public speaking demands much more detailed planing as preparation than ordinary conversation. You must be able to accomplish everything within the time frame of the speech
8
Public speaking requires more formal language
No slang, jargon, and bad grammar. A speech is a special "occasion"
9
Public speaking requires a different method of delivery
avoid words like umm, uh, er (which are vocalized pauses) and be in a erect posture. You don't stand or talk the same way in a speech as you would in a conversation
10
When dealing with nervousness you should?
Rather than trying to get ride of it you should transform it from a negative force to a positive one call positive nervousness so instead of being victimized by it you are empower by it.
11
Six ways to turn your negative nervousness into a positive one.
1.) acquire speaking experience
2.) prepare, prepare, prepare
3.) think positively
4.) use the power of visualization
5.) know that most nervousness is not visible
6.) don't expect perfection
12
Acquiring speaking experience
The more you give speeches the less threatening them seem to be. It's all trial and error.
13
Prepare, prepare, prepare
Chose a topic you're interested in and prepare your speech (rule of thumb: for every minute of a speech requires one to two hours of preparing
14
Think positively
Be confident if you feel you can do it you can, but if all you think is negative then it will be a negative experience. Turn negative with positive. "I can't." -> "I will"
15
Use the power of visualization
Picture yourself succeeding speech or anything else. Picture what can go wrong but know that you will succeed. This alone will not help much but combine it with other techniques and you will do great
16
Know that most nervousness is not visible
You don't look as nervous as you feel. Out of the thousands of shocks your nervous are doing only a few are shown
17
Don't expect perfection
Mistakes happen. Even if you do mess up the audience doesn't know your speech, remember a speech isn't a performance it's an act of communication
18
Other things to help with nervousness
Sleep well, deep slow breathes, tense your legs and hands to release extra adrenaline, work on intro, make eye contact, concentrate on your audience, use visual aides.
19
Critical thinking
Is focused, organized thinking--the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas
20
Seven elements of communication
1.)Speaker
2.)Message
3.)Channel
4.)Listener
5.)Feedback
6.)Interference
7.)situation
21
Speaker
The person who is presenting an oral message to a listener
22
Message
Whatever the speaker communicates to someone else
23
Channel
The means by which a message is communicated
24
Listener
The person who receives the speakers message
25
Fran of reference
The sure of a persons knowledge experience, goals, values, and attitudes. No two people have the same frame of reference.
Describe something (no two people will describe the same thing)
Speaker has to be careful to adapt the message to that particular audience
26
Feedback
The message, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker
27
Interference
Anything that impedes the communication of a message. Interference can be ex eternal or internal listeners.
28
Two kinds of interference
Internal and external
Internal: is the individual listener such as one is thinking about a test or an argument with a friend
External: is something that could distract the audience as a whole students talking outside the classroom, the heater is loud, etc.
29
