PSYC232 Test 2, Week 4 Flashcards
What is the difference between positionality and reflexivity?
Positionality refers to “where you stand” in terms of your identity and background, while reflexivity involves “constantly looking back” at your role and impact in the research process.
Why is it important to consider your positionality in research?
Considering your positionality helps you understand how your background affects your goals, priorities, and the way you produce knowledge. It ensures that you acknowledge the influence of your identity on your research.
What is the etic perspective in research?
The etic perspective involves looking at a culture or experience from the outside, applying universal standards, often aligning with Western scientific methods. It can sometimes erase cultural perspectives and ways of knowing.
What is the emic perspective in research?
The emic perspective is an insider’s view, focusing on understanding a culture or experience from within. It gives marginalized voices a platform and often challenges Western research norms.
What is the etmic approach in research?
The etmic approach combines both emic and etic perspectives, recognizing the value of both insider and outsider views. It aims to use both universal and culturally specific aspects of a construct.
How do your identities affect your knowledge production?
Your identities influence what you know and how you produce knowledge. It’s important to reflect on how your background has shaped your goals, priorities, and understanding.
What are the traditional methods of qualitative data collection?
Traditional methods include interviews, focus groups, and ethnography/autoethnography.
What are the key features of interviews in qualitative research?
Interviews are one-to-one, involve a semi-structured schedule, focus on participant perspectives and experiences, and produce rich, in-depth accounts.
- most common method of qualitative data collection
What makes a good focus group?
A good focus group includes multiple participants (up to 6-8) and a facilitator, ensures everyone is heard, avoids leading questions, and is flexible with scheduling.
What is the difference between naturalised and denaturalised transcription?
Naturalised transcription includes all speech elements (like, um, yeah), while denaturalised transcription removes these elements to mimic written words.
What is ethnography in qualitative research?
Ethnography involves embedding yourself in an environment to observe participants in their real-life settings without attributing through your perspective. Autoethnography involves writing about your own experiences.
NATURALLY OCCURRING DATA
Collected “in the wild”
e.g., graffiti, public comments/forums, videos
What are some other methods of qualitative data collection?
Other methods include surveys, vignettes, story completion, diaries, body mapping, and media (photos/videos).
What is thematic analysis in qualitative research?
Thematic analysis is a method for developing, analysing, and interpreting patterns in data, with the goal of identifying themes.
Coding Reliability (thematic analysis)
multiple people doing coding and look for reliability, enhances objectivity, quantifies qualitative research, doesn’t focus on personal experiences as much
Codebook (thematic analysis)
coder is given a list of codes, gives examples of what the code looks like, coder goes through and looks for them, more prescriptive, not generating codes yourself
Reflexive (thematic analysis)
The six steps are: Familiarisation, Coding, Generating Initial Themes, Developing & Reviewing Themes, Refining & Defining, and Writing your Report.
- pure type, engages with data more deeply, bring your own experiences into analysis, constantly redefining things/questioning
What is involved in the familiarisation step of reflexive thematic analysis?
Familiarisation involves immersing yourself in the data by reading, re-reading, listening to recordings, and making notes. Transcription is also helpful.
What is the initial coding step in reflexive thematic analysis?
Initial coding involves identifying anything interesting, relevant, or meaningful in the data, using both semantic and latent codes.
- semantic (data-driven, surface level description of what is being said e.g. I like cats = likes cats) vs. latent codes (conceptual, your interpretation of what is being said)- color code, codes are often basic/have single meaning
What is the process of generating initial themes?
Generating initial themes involves identifying patterns across the dataset, clustering codes, and creating candidate themes.
- candidate themes- first generation of themes, will change, don’t get attached
What is involved in developing and reviewing themes?
This step involves assessing the fit of candidate themes, ensuring they tell a convincing story, and revising themes as needed.
What is the refining and defining step in thematic analysis?
Refining and defining involves fine-tuning themes, clearly defining each theme, and understanding the story each theme tells.
What is the final step in reflexive thematic analysis?
The final step is writing your report, which involves weaving together your narrative and data extracts, and extensive editing.
