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Spring Semester > Psych Quiz 7 > Flashcards

Psych Quiz 7 Flashcards

1
Q

drugs that act on the nervous system to alter perceptions & moods

A

psychoactive drugs

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2
Q

characterized by continued craving & use of substances despite significant life disruption &/or physical risk

A

substance use disorder

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3
Q

DSM-V criteria for substance use disorder fall into 4 categories:

A
  • impaired control
  • diminished social functioning
  • risky use
    -physical dependence
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4
Q

compulsive craving despite known harmful consequences;
struggles when attempting to stop use

A

addiction

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5
Q

with repeated use, achieving desired effect requires ↑ doses

A

tolerance

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6
Q

discomfort & distress following discontinuation of use

A

withdrawal

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7
Q

The “________________” is highly debated

A

brain disease model of addiction

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8
Q

psychoactive drugs that produce feelings of
pleasure ↑ DA release in brain’s reward pathway.

A

psychoactive drugs

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9
Q

↓ neural activity & slows bodily functions

A

depressants

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10
Q

acts on GABA receptors à relaxation & disinhibition

A

alcohol

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11
Q

Alcohol is considered a _________ drug.

A

depressant

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12
Q

effects of ___________ are:
* disrupts memory
* impairs growth of synaptic connections

A

alcohol

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13
Q

Medically alcohol is used to __________.

A

relieve pain

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14
Q

act on GABA, depress CNS activity, ↓ anxiety

A

barbiturates

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15
Q

barbiturates are considered a _________ drug

A

depressant

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16
Q

other effects of ___________: impaired memory & judgment

A

barbiturates

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17
Q

The medical use for barbiturates are:

A

sleep/anxiety relief; can treat seizures

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18
Q

↑ dose-fatality rate

A

barbiturates

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19
Q

↓ dose-fatality rate

A

benzodiazepines

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20
Q

inability to stop using drugs

A

impaired control

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21
Q

What is this an example of?
E.g., withdrawal

A

physical dependence

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22
Q

Effecting one’s daily routine

A

diminished social functioning

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23
Q

What are the types of psychoactive drugs?

A

Depressants, Stimulants, Hallucinogens

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24
Q

If you give people fake alcohol, they will act like they’re drunk.

A

expectancy effect

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25
Q

The fatal dose of barbiturates are ____x the medical dose.

A

10

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26
Q

The fatal dose of benzodiazepines are _____x the medical dose.

A

100

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27
Q

______ are highly addictive.

A

opiates

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28
Q

depress neural activity, temporarily ↓ pain & anxiety

A

opiates

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29
Q

other effects of ______: slow breathing, cause lethargy, highly addictive

A

opiates

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30
Q

The medical use of opiates is _______.

A

pain relief

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31
Q

We have opiate receptors in our _______.

A

brain

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32
Q

What is this an example of?
e.g., runner’s high (the runner stops feeling pain)

A

opiate receptors in our brain working

33
Q

Opiates are considered a ________ drug.

A

depressant

34
Q

↑ neural activity & speed up bodily functions

A

stimulants

35
Q

binds to Ach receptors, ↑ alertness / mental efficiency

A

nicotine

36
Q

releases flood of various neurotransmitters

A

nicotine

37
Q

other effects of ________:↓ appetite & stress; highly addictive: acute cravings & withdrawal symptoms

A

nicotine

38
Q

The medical use of nicotine is __________.

A

may ↓ risk of Parkinson’s

39
Q

Nicotine is considered a ________ drug.

A

stimulant

40
Q

produces quick rush of euphoria, confidence, energy

A

cocaine

41
Q

other effects of _________: cardiovascular stress, suspiciousness

A

cocaine

42
Q

The medical use of cocaine is _________.

A

local anesthetic

43
Q

_______ blocks reuptake of DA:↑ levels in synapse

A

cocaine

44
Q

you crash w/in 15-30 min of using _________.
after NT levels drop

A

cocaine

45
Q

Cocaine is considered a ________ drug.

A

stimulant

46
Q

↑ energy & mood

A

amphetamines

47
Q

other effects of ________: irritability & insomnia

A

amphetamines

48
Q

↑ DA release & blocks DA reuptake

A

amphetamines

49
Q

The medical use of amphetamines is __________.

A

↑ attention / alertness

50
Q

chemically similar to amphetamines, but ↑-er effects

A

methamphetamines

51
Q

Effects of _________:
* irritability, insomnia, hypertension, seizures
* ↑ addictive; can ↓ baseline DA levels

A

methamphetamines

52
Q

stimulant & mild hallucinogen

A

MDMA (ecstasy)

53
Q

produces emotional elevation & disinhibition

A

MDMA (ecstasy)

54
Q

other effects of _________: dehydration & overheating,
depressed mood (hrs. after use),
impaired cognitive & immune functioning

A

MDMA (ecstasy)

55
Q

acts on serotonin
* ↑ release &
blocks reuptake

A

MDMA (ecstasy)

56
Q

The medical use of MDMA (ecstasy) =

A

PTSD treatment

57
Q

MDMA (ecstasy) is considered a _________ drug.

A

stimulant

58
Q

distort perceptions

A

hallucinogens

59
Q

↑ sensations, pain relief, time distortion, relaxation

A

marijuana (THC)

60
Q

other effects _________ include:
↓ learning & memory
↓ reaction-time

A

marijuana (THC)

61
Q

marijuana (THC) is considered a _______ drug.

A

hallucinogen

62
Q

strong hallucinations & time distortion

A

LSD (acid)

63
Q

interferes with serotonin NT system

A

LSD (acid)

64
Q

other effects of ________ include:
“bad trip” & flashbacks

A

LSD (acid)

65
Q

LSD (acid) is considered a __________ drug.

A

hallucinogen

66
Q

The various contributing factors that cause some people to regularly use psychoactive drugs?

A

biological, psychological, social

67
Q

some vulnerable to specific drugs (e.g., alcohol)

A

biological

68
Q

stress, depression, hopelessness

A

psychological

69
Q

cultural acceptance or negative peer influence

A

social

70
Q

Virtually all humans make a rapid transition to regular
psychoactive drug use in _________, be it caffeine, alcohol,
nicotine, cannabis, betel nut, or some other substance.

A

adolescence

71
Q

= hijack hypothesis: drugs interfere with natural reward systems in brain

A

Traditional perspective

72
Q

Almost all major recreational drugs are _________.

A

plant neurotoxins

73
Q

are thought to have evolved to deter consumption

A

plant neurotoxins

74
Q

How could something that evolved to deter consumption be reinforcing?

A

Paradox of Drug Reward

75
Q

drug use is new and human bodies are not designed & adapted to use drugs

A

evolutionary novelty

76
Q

the idea that people do costly things (drugs) to show off

A

costly signaling

77
Q

Drugs (ones that derive from plants) evolved to fight off against parasites..

A

counter-exploitation against parasites

78
Q

________ really don’t like nicotine, marijuana, etc.

A

parasites

79
Q

What is the most supported hypothesis for drug use?

A

counter-exploitation against parasites

Spring Semester (18 decks)

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