RENAL

Question 0

Diuretics (3)

Answer 0

• Dehydration
• Hypokalemia (except for K-sparing diuretics)
• Hepatic Encephalopathy (due to↓NH3 removal -> NH3 toxicity)

Question 1

Mannitol (1)

CI (2)?

Answer 1

Pulmonary Edema

CI:

• CHF
• Anuria

Question 2

CA Inhibitors

Answer 2

RTA 2

Question 3

Loop Diuretics (Furosemide + Ethacrynic acid)

(6: “OH DANG”), CI (2)?

Answer 3

• “OH DANG” *

O- Ototoxicity
H- Hypokalemia
D- Dehydration
A- Allergy (Sulfa)
N- Nephritis (Interstitial) 
G- Gout (can cause hyperuricemia)

CI:

• NSAIDs (opposing effects on PGE -> no dilation of A.A -> Interstitial Nephritis)
• Gout patients

Question 4

Thiazides

(5: 4 “HyperGLUC” + 1)?

Answer 4

• Hyperglycemia
• Hyperlipidemia
• Hyperuricemia
• Hypercalcemia
• Torsades de Pointes / Prolonged QT

Question 5

Thiazides + Furosemide

Answer 5

Gout

Question 6

K-Sparing Diuretics

Answer 6

RTA 4

Question 7

ACE Inhibitors

(6: THINK: “Captopril’s CATCHH”), CI (2)?

Answer 7

• Cough (due to↑Bradykinin)
• Angioedema
• Teratogen (-> fetal renal malformation)
• Creatinine (↓GFR)
• Hypotension
• Hyperkalemia

CI:

• C1-Esterase Inhibitor Def (Complement Def)
• Renal artery stenosis (b/c constrict efferent arterioles ->↓GFR -> renal failure in these patients)

Question 8

Drug that causes Antiandrogen effects / Gynecomastia?

Answer 8

Spironolactone

Question 9

Drugs that cause Diabetes Insipidus

(2)?

Answer 9

• Demeclocycline

- Lithium

Question 10

Drug that causes Fanconi’s Sx?

Answer 10

EXPIRED Tetracycline

Question 11

Drugs that cause Hemorrhagic Cystitis

(2: “—famide”)?

Answer 11

• Cyclophosphamide

- Ifosfamide

Question 12

Drugs that cause Interstitial Nephritis

(3)?

Answer 12

• NSAIDs
• Furosemide
• Methicillin

Question 12

Drugs that cause RTA Type 1

Answer 12

Amphotericin B toxicity

Question 14

Drugs that cause SIADH

(2)?

Answer 14

• Carbamazepine

- Cyclophosphamide

Question 15

Drugs that cause Renal TCC

Answer 15

Cyclophosphamide

Question 16

NEPHROTOXIC Drugs (6)

General Pres (4), 
Drugs (6: 1 Onc + 5 Antibiotics)?

Answer 16

PRES:

• Nephropathy
• Nephritis
• Hematuria
• Renal Failure

DRUGS:
- -platin

• Vancomycin
• Aminoglycosides
• Sulfonamides
• Amphotericin B
• ALL Antiviral ‘Nucleic Acid Syn Inhibitors’ EXCEPT Ribavarin

Question 17

NEPHROTOXIC Substances (5)

Answer 17

• Ethylene Glycol
• Lead
• Myoglobin (ie Crush injuries to muscle)
• Urate (ie Tumor Lysis Sx)
• Radiocontrast Agents