respiration Flashcards
2.34-2.39
what is cell respiration>
the process of breaking down food molecules to release ATP
what are some examples of uses of energy?
- cell division
- contraction of muscle cells
- maintaining body temperature
what does aerobic respiration use?
oxygen to break down glucose and release energy
what is the word equation for respiration?
glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
what is the chemical equation for respiration?
C6H1206 + 602 -> 6C02 + 6H20
why does aerobic respiration release a lot of ATP?
because it completely oxidises the glucose
what happens in anaerobic respiration?
- glucose is not completely broken down- less ATP and therefore energy is released
- also produces toxic waste products which must be excreted or broken down
what is an advantage of anaerobic respiration?
allows cells to obtain a small amount of usable energy even when oxygen supply is limited
anaerobic respiration in fungi and plants produces what?
ethanol and carbon dioxide
word equation for anaerobic respiration in fungi and plants?
glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
anaerobic respiration in animals produces what?
lactic acid
word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
glucose -> lactic acid
when does anaerobic respiration occur?
when there is a shortage of oxygen e.g. during intensive exercise
how does lactic acid build up?
when the glycogen stored in muscle cells is broken down into glucose
what happens when lactic acid builds up?
- causes cramps- diffuses from muscles into the blood
- in high concentrations lactic acid is toxic so it is transported to the liver where it is oxidised
- this uses oxygen- we keep breathing heavily after exercise to supply the extra oxygen needed to dispose of the lactic acid in our bodies
- volume of oxygen needed to oxidise the lactic acid is called the oxygen debt
