the production of cloned mammals

Question 1

what is needed to clone animals?

Answer 1

embryo transplants

Question 2

how is adult cell cloning done?

Answer 2

body cell is taken from sheep A
DNA extracted as a whole nucleus
egg cell taken from sheep B
nucleus removed
DNA from sheep A fused with enucleated egg cell from sheep B by an electric shock- this also stimulates the egg cell to divide by mitosis
fused cell develops into an embryo which is placed in the uterus of foster mother
lamb is a clone of sheep A

Question 3

when could this technique be used- not just for cloning animals with desirable characteristics?

Answer 3

to save species such as the giant panda and Indian tiger that are close to extinction

Question 4

when was this process done?

Answer 4

in 1996 to create the first clone of a mammal

Question 5

what are the benefits of cloning? (endangered species)

Answer 5

preserve endangered species of plants and animals

Question 6

what are the benefits of cloning? (quick and cheap)

Answer 6

quickly and cheaply produce commercial quantities of consistently high quality plants at any time of the year

Question 7

what are the benefits of cloning? (high quality)

Answer 7

farmers can ensure consistently high quality lifestock

Question 8

what are the risks of cloning? (reduced gene pool)

Answer 8

there are fewer different alleles in a population, leaving the population with a smaller chance of having resistance to new diseases

Question 9

what are the risks of cloning? (health)

Answer 9

there is evidence that cloned animals are not as healthy as non-cloned animals

Question 10

what are the risks of cloning? (humans may be cloned)

Answer 10

people worry that humans may be cloned in the future- considered unethical
early attempts may be unsuccessful- could result in children being born with severe disabilities