specialised cells Flashcards
2.5B
what are red blood cells function?
to transport oxygen around the body
how are red blood cells specialised?
biconcave shape increases their surface area
contain the protein haemoglobin that binds to oxygen
no nucleus for more space for haemoglobin
flexibility to squeeze through capillaries
what are ciliated cells’ function?
to remove mucus from the airways
what do cilia do?
they beat to waft mucus out of the airways
what do nerve cells do?
they conduct nerve impulses
how are nerve cells specialised?
length
connections
fatty myelin sheath
what do nerve cells length allow them to do?
reach between the body and the CNS
what are the connections in nerve cells like?
connections to other cells are branched, allowing communications with several other nerve cells
what does the fatty myelin sheath?
speeds up nerve impulse transmission
what are some of the specialities of sperm and egg cells?
contain half the genetic information of a normal cell
what are the specialities of sperm cells?
digestive enzymes in the head
an acrosome digests the outer layer of the head
mitochondria release energy
the tail enables movement
what are the specialities of egg cells?
nutrients in the cytoplasm support the embryo
outer layer can harden to prevent the entry of sperm
where are palisade mesophyll cells found?
found in the upper layer of the leaf
what are the specialities of palisade mesophyll cells?
tall and narrow so many cells can be packed into a leaf
they contain many chloroplasts to absorb as much light energy as possible
where are root hair cells found and what is their role?
found in plant roots and their role is to absorb water and mineral ions
